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1.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 1509, 2024 Jan 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38233531

ABSTRACT

This work employed a two-step biorefining process, consisting of a hemicellulose-rich liquor production through ultrasound-assisted cold alkaline extraction (CAE), followed by thermochemical treatment of the resultant solid phase. The post-CAE solid phase's pyrolytic potential was assessed by application of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Friedman's isoconversional method, and also from hydrogen production. The solid phases remaining after the CAE treatment were more reactive than the untreated raw material. Notably, the alkali concentration employed in the first step was the individual variable most pronounced influence on their activation energy (Ea). Thus, at a degree of conversion α = 0.50, Ea ranged from 109.7 to 254.3 kJ/mol for the solid phases, compared to 177 kJ/mol for the raw material; this value decreased with rising glucan content. At maximal degradation, the post-CAE solid phases produced up to 15.57% v/v more hydrogen than did the untreated raw material.

2.
Rev Neurol ; 78(2): 41-46, 2024 Jan 16.
Article in Spanish, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38223947

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Myasthenia gravis (MG) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two of the most important diseases where the dysregulation of acetylcholine activity plays a crucial role. In the first, this dysregulation happens at the level of the neu-romuscular junction and in the second, in the central nervous system (CNS). AIM: To analyze the possible relationship between these two pathologies, analyzing the prevalence and the odds ratio of AD within patients previously diagnosed with MG. We will compare these data with respect to the prevalence of AD in the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined the data obtained by the electronic medical records of patients in the health care system of Castilla La Mancha using the Natural Language Process provided by a clinical platform of artificial intelligence known as the Savana Manager?. RESULTS: We identified 970,503 patients over the age of 60 years, of which 1,028 were diagnosed with MG. The proportion of the patients diagnosed with AD within this group (4.28%) was greater than the rest of the population (2.82%) (p = 0,0047) with an odds ratio of 1.54 (confidence interval at 95% 1.13-2.08; p = 0.0051) without finding significant differences in the bivariate analysis for the rest of the most important actual known risk factors for AD. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that there might be an increase in the prevalence of AD in patients previously diagnosed with MG.


TITLE: Miastenia gravis y enfermedad de Alzheimer: una asociación a estudio.Introducción. La miastenia gravis (MG) y la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) son dos de las enfermedades neurológicas en cuya fisiopatología interviene la acetilcolina en distintos niveles. En la primera, la alteración de este neurotransmisor se produce en la unión neuromuscular, y en la segunda, en el sistema nervioso central. Objetivo. Analizar la posible relación entre dichas patologías estudiando la prevalencia y la odds ratio de la EA dentro de los pacientes diagnosticados de MG con respecto a la prevalencia de EA en la población general. Pacientes y métodos. Se han examinado datos de las historias clínicas electrónicas del sistema de salud de Castilla-La Mancha utilizando el procesamiento de lenguaje natural a través de la plataforma clínica de inteligencia artificial Savana Manager?. Resultados. Se ha identificado a 970.503 pacientes mayores de 60 años, de los que 1.028 tenían diagnóstico de MG. La proporción de pacientes con diagnóstico de EA dentro de este grupo (4,28%) es mayor que en el resto de la población (2,82%; p = 0,0047), con una odds ratio de 1,54 (intervalo de confianza al 95%: 1,13-2,08; p = 0,0051), sin que se encuentren diferencias significativas en el análisis bivariante del resto de los factores de riesgo para EA más importantes conocidos hasta ahora. Conclusiones. Nuestros resultados sugieren que podría existir un aumento de la prevalencia de EA en pacientes con MG.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease , Myasthenia Gravis , Humans , Middle Aged , Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology , Alzheimer Disease/complications , Artificial Intelligence , Myasthenia Gravis/complications , Myasthenia Gravis/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Acetylcholine
3.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 44(3): 145-153, may.-jun. 2022. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-203758

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo: Evaluar los cambios a nivel físico y psicosocial de una intervención combinada de balneoterapia y ejercicio terapéutico en grupo aplicado en jóvenes con lupus eritematoso sistémico y artritis idiopática juvenil. Materiales y métodos: Estudio longitudinal prospectivo pre y postintervención y cualitativo fenomenológico descriptivo. La intervención consistió en un programa combinado de balneoterapia, ejercicio terapéutico en grupo y terapia manual e instrumental. Se evaluaron el dolor percibido (Escala Visual Analógica), el estado funcional (Health Assessment Questionnaire) y la fatiga (Escala de Evaluación Funcional de Terapia de Enfermedades Crónicas-Fatiga). Las entrevistas se analizaron mediante análisis temático. Resultados: Quince adolescentes de 14,1±2,1 años participaron en el estudio. Se observó una mejoría significativa respecto al dolor máximo (p=0,006; TE=1,1), dolor medio (p=0,029; TE=0,5) y estado funcional (p=0,013; TE=0,7). Sin embargo, a pesar de que la fatiga disminuyó, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,415; TE=0,3). Los temas principales surgidos tras las entrevistas fueron «una experiencia de aprendizaje» y «desventajas», que describen la vivencia de la intervención. Discusión y conclusiones: Parece que la combinación de balneoterapia y el ejercicio terapéutico en grupo es útil para reducir el dolor y mejorar la función física. Ensayos clínicos en diferentes poblaciones reportan resultados similares, hallando una disminución del dolor. Se concluye que la realización de un programa de fisioterapia combinado de balneoterapia y ejercicio terapéutico en grupo produce beneficios con relación al dolor y al estado funcional, favoreciendo además la ampliación de conocimientos y el automanejo de la enfermedad.


Background and objective: To evaluate the physical and psychosocial changes of a combined intervention of balneotherapy and therapeutic exercise applied in young people with systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Materials and methods: Pre- and post-intervention prospective longitudinal and descriptive phenomenological qualitative studies were conducted. The intervention consisted of a combined program of balneotherapy, therapeutic group exercise and physiotherapy techniques. Perceived pain (Visual Analogue Scale), functional status (Health Assessment Questionnaire), and fatigue (Chronic Disease Therapy-Fatigue Functional Assessment Scale) were assessed. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: 15 adolescents aged 14.1±2.1 years participated in the study. A significant improvement was observed with respect to maximum pain (P=.006; ES=1.1), mean pain (P=.029; ES=0.5) and functional status (P=.013; ES=0.7). However, despite the decrease in fatigue, no statistically significant differences were found (P=.415; ES=0.3). The main themes that emerged after the interviews were “a learning experience” and “disadvantages of the intervention”. Discussion and conclusions: It seems that the combination of balneotherapy and therapeutic group exercise is effective in reducing pain and improving physical function. Randomized clinical trials performed in different populations report similar results, finding a decrease in pain. It is concluded that carrying out a physiotherapy program combined balneotherapy and therapeutic group exercise produces benefits in relation to pain and functional status, also favoring the expansion of knowledge and self-management of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Balneology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/therapy , Arthritis, Juvenile/therapy , Exercise Therapy , Physical Therapy Specialty/methods , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive
4.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 73(7): 249-257, Oct 1, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-229584

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El día 13 de marzo de 2020 se decretó el estado de alarma con motivo de la pandemia de la COVID-19, lo que supuso un confinamiento domiciliario total en España. Los centros neurorrehabilitadores de la Fundació Esclerosi Múltiple (FEM) atienden a personas diagnosticadas de enfermedades neuroprogresivas con déficits de salud importantes. Analizamos cómo el confinamiento puede afectar a su forma de vida. Objetivos: Evaluar y gestionar el impacto del confinamiento en la persona con esclerosis múltiple (EM) y otras enfermedades neurodegenerativas. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional analítico. Se aplicó un cuestionario anónimo a todas las personas que estaban en tratamiento rehabilitador integral en dos de los centros de la FEM, que incluía características demográficas y clínicas de los sujetos, junto con la evaluación del impacto de la pandemia en la esfera física, social y psicológica. Resultados: Se han analizado un total de 202 encuestas. La edad media de los participantes ha sido de 49,09 años. Un 77,8% presenta EM, mientras que un 22,2% tiene otras patologías. Los síntomas físicos que han aparecido más frecuentemente han sido debilidad muscular, pérdida de equilibrio y fatiga. La población estudiada se ha mantenido activa durante el confinamiento. Más de la mitad no refiere aumento en los síntomas cognitivos, pero sí que aparece, a nivel emocional, un aumento de la sensación de preocupación. Conclusiones: Podemos afirmar que las acciones desplegadas desde la FEM, para reducir las consecuencias del confinamiento, han sido efectivas y han bajado al máximo la aparición de conductas desadaptativas. El estudio también nos ha abierto la puerta a añadir nuevas líneas de intervención.(AU)


Introduction: On 13 March 2020, a state of alarm was declared due to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in total lockdown in Spain. The neurorehabilitation centres of the Fundació Esclerosi Múltiple (FEM) provide care for people diagnosed with neuroprogressive diseases with significant health deficits. We look at how lockdown can affect their way of life. Aims: To assess and manage the impact of lockdown on persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Patients and methods. Analytical observational study. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to all the patients undergoing comprehensive rehabilitation treatment at two of the FEM centres; the survey included questions on the demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects, and an assessment of the impact of the pandemic on the physical, social and psychological spheres. Results: A total of 202 surveys were analysed. The average age of the participants was 49.09 years and 77.8% had MS, while 22.2% had other conditions. The most frequently reported physical symptoms were muscle weakness, loss of balance and fatigue. The study population remained active during lockdown. More than half of them did not report any increase in cognitive symptoms, but they did mention an increased sense of worry on an emotional level. Conclusions: We can state that the actions deployed by the FEM to reduce the consequences of lockdown have been effective and have minimised the occurrence of maladaptive behaviours. The study has also opened the door for us to add new lines of intervention.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , /psychology , Quarantine/psychology , Rehabilitation Centers , Neurodegenerative Diseases/rehabilitation , Psychosocial Impact , Neurology , Nervous System Diseases , /complications , /epidemiology , Spain , Life Style
5.
Rev Neurol ; 73(7): 249-257, 2021 10 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34569035

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: On 13 March 2020, a state of alarm was declared due to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in total lockdown in Spain. The neurorehabilitation centres of the Fundacio Esclerosi Multiple (FEM) provide care for people diagnosed with neuroprogressive diseases with significant health deficits. We look at how lockdown can affect their way of life. AIMS: To assess and manage the impact of lockdown on persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Analytical observational study. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to all the patients undergoing comprehensive rehabilitation treatment at two of the FEM centres; the survey included questions on the demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects, and an assessment of the impact of the pandemic on the physical, social and psychological spheres. RESULTS: A total of 202 surveys were analysed. The average age of the participants was 49.09 years and 77.8% had MS, while 22.2% had other conditions. The most frequently reported physical symptoms were muscle weakness, loss of balance and fatigue. The study population remained active during lockdown. More than half of them did not report any increase in cognitive symptoms, but they did mention an increased sense of worry on an emotional level. CONCLUSIONS: We can state that the actions deployed by the FEM to reduce the consequences of lockdown have been effective and have minimised the occurrence of maladaptive behaviours. The study has also opened the door for us to add new lines of intervention.


TITLE: Evaluación del impacto del confinamiento sobre la salud y el estilo de vida de las personas usuarias de los centros neurorrehabilitadores de Lleida y Reus de la Fundació Esclerosi Múltiple.Introducción. El día 13 de marzo de 2020 se decretó el estado de alarma con motivo de la pandemia de la COVID-19, lo que supuso un confinamiento domiciliario total en España. Los centros neurorrehabilitadores de la Fundació Esclerosi Múltiple (FEM) atienden a personas diagnosticadas de enfermedades neuroprogresivas con déficits de salud importantes. Analizamos cómo el confinamiento puede afectar a su forma de vida. Objetivos. Evaluar y gestionar el impacto del confinamiento en la persona con esclerosis múltiple (EM) y otras enfermedades neurodegenerativas. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio observacional analítico. Se aplicó un cuestionario anónimo a todas las personas que estaban en tratamiento rehabilitador integral en dos de los centros de la FEM, que incluía características demográficas y clínicas de los sujetos, junto con la evaluación del impacto de la pandemia en la esfera física, social y psicológica. Resultados. Se han analizado un total de 202 encuestas. La edad media de los participantes ha sido de 49,09 años. Un 77,8% presenta EM, mientras que un 22,2% tiene otras patologías. Los síntomas físicos que han aparecido más frecuentemente han sido debilidad muscular, pérdida de equilibrio y fatiga. La población estudiada se ha mantenido activa durante el confinamiento. Más de la mitad no refiere aumento en los síntomas cognitivos, pero sí que aparece, a nivel emocional, un aumento de la sensación de preocupación. Conclusiones. Podemos afirmar que las acciones desplegadas desde la FEM, para reducir las consecuencias del confinamiento, han sido efectivas y han bajado al máximo la aparición de conductas desadaptativas. El estudio también nos ha abierto la puerta a añadir nuevas líneas de intervención.


Subject(s)
Health Status , Life Style , Multiple Sclerosis/rehabilitation , Neurodegenerative Diseases/rehabilitation , Neurological Rehabilitation , Quarantine , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Self Report , Spain
6.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 43(2): 119-123, mar.- abr. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-219032

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo En España casi 800.000 personas con discapacidad reconocen que no practican ejercicio, como por ejemplo, las personas que sufren un síndrome pospoliomielitis. Estas personas presentan secuelas como fatiga, debilidad y dolor muscular que, unidas a su sobrepeso y adiposidad abdominal, favorecen la presencia de alteraciones musculoesqueléticas. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar los efectos del ejercicio terapéutico y del drenaje linfático manual en una serie de casos de personas con síndrome pospoliomielitis que presentan sobrepeso y adiposidad abdominal. Descripción de los casos Ocho pacientes con síndrome pospoliomielitis, sobrepeso y adiposidad abdominal fueron incluidos. El protocolo se basó en un programa de ejercicio terapéutico progresivo, 3 veces al día, y una sesión de drenaje linfático manual según el método Vodder, una vez a la semana, durante 9 semanas. Peso e índice de masa corporal, valoración antropométrica de los pliegues cutáneos y perímetros, calidad de vida, actividad física en personas con discapacidad y cuestionario de satisfacción fueron las variables analizadas al inicio y a la finalización del programa. Resultados y discusión Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto al peso (p=0,034) e índice de masa corporal (p=0,031), pliegues iliocrestales derecho (p=0,003) e izquierdo (p=0,007) y perímetros de cadera (p=0,005) y de cintura (p=0,024). Conclusión La combinación de ejercicio terapéutico y drenaje linfático manual en personas con síndrome pospoliomielitis podría ser útil para reducir el sobrepeso y la adiposidad a nivel abdomina (AU)


Background and objective In Spain, almost 800,000 people with disabilities do not exercise, such as, for example, people suffering post-polio syndrome. This population reports sequelae such as fatigue, weakness and muscle pain, accompanied by overweight and abdominal adiposity which play an important role in the presence of musculoskeletal disorders. The combination of exercise therapy and manual lymphatic drainage would be beneficial in these people. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of exercise therapy and manual lymphatic drainage in a case series of people with post-polio syndrome who are overweight and abdominal adiposity. Case description Eight patients with post-polio syndrome, overweight and with abdominal adiposity were included. The protocol consisted of a progressive abdominal exercise programme, three times a day and a lymphatic drainage session according to the Vodder method once a week for nine weeks. Weight and body mass index, anthropometric assessment of skin folds and perimeters, health questionnaire, physical activity in people with disabilities and satisfaction questionnaire were analysed at the baseline and after the programme. Results and discussion The results show statistically significant differences in weight (p=.034) and body mass index (p=.031), right (p=.003) and left iliac-crest skin folds (p=.007), and hip (p=.005) and waist perimeters (p=.024). A combination of exercise therapy and manual lymphatic drainage could be useful to reduce overweight and abdominal adiposity in people with post-polio syndrome (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Health Services for Persons with Disabilities , Exercise Therapy/methods , Manual Lymphatic Drainage , Poliomyelitis/rehabilitation , Obesity/prevention & control , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev Neurol ; 71(12): 447-454, 2020 Dec 16.
Article in Spanish, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33319347

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Treadmill training is considered an effective intervention to improve gait ability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In parallel, virtual reality shows promising intervention with several applications in the inpatient medical setting. AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of mechanical gait assistance combined with immersive virtual reality in patients with PD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This pilot and feasibility study followed a pre-post study design. The intervention consisted of 12 sessions of 30 minutes, distributed regularly over four consecutive weeks. Participants walked on a treadmill with a body-weight support system set at approximately 20% of body weight and equipped with a virtual reality helmet controlled by a two-handed joystick. Feasibility and intervention outcomes were collected at baseline and after four weeks of intervention. RESULTS: Twelve participants of 60 patients were finally enrolled. Nine of them (75%) completed the treatment intervention with an adherence rate of 97%. Two participants left the study, one of them due to sickness associated with virtual reality and another because of a lack of motivation. There were significant differences associated with small-medium effect sizes when comparing the pre and post values for walk distance, walk speed, balance, and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: The present study provided preliminary evidence supporting the feasibility of the combination of antigravity treadmill and immersive virtual reality system for the rehabilitation of patients with PD.


TITLE: Entrenamiento antigravitatorio e inmersivo de realidad virtual para la rehabilitación de la marcha en la enfermedad de Parkinson: estudio piloto y de viabilidad.Introducción. El entrenamiento en tapiz rodante se considera una intervención eficaz para mejorar la capacidad de la marcha en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP). Paralelamente, la realidad virtual se muestra como una intervención prometedora con diversas aplicaciones en el entorno médico hospitalario. Objetivo. Evaluar la viabilidad y la eficacia preliminar de la asistencia mecánica para la marcha combinada con la realidad virtual inmersiva en pacientes con EP. Pacientes y métodos. Este estudio piloto y de viabilidad siguió un diseño pre-post. La intervención consistió en 12 sesiones de 30 minutos, distribuidas regularmente durante cuatro semanas consecutivas. Los participantes deambularon sobre un tapiz rodante con un sistema de descarga del peso corporal establecido aproximadamente en el 20% del peso corporal y equipados con un casco de realidad virtual controlado por un joystick para cada mano. Las mediciones de viabilidad y tratamiento se recopilaron al inicio del estudio y después de cuatro semanas de intervención. Resultados. De un total de 60 pacientes, se reclutó finalmente a 12 participantes. Nueve de ellos (75%) completaron el tratamiento, con una tasa de adhesión del 97%. Dos participantes abandonaron el estudio, uno debido a náuseas asociadas con la realidad virtual y otro por falta de motivación. Hubo diferencias significativas asociadas con un tamaño del efecto pequeño-mediano al comparar los valores pre y post para la distancia recorrida, velocidad de la marcha, equilibrio y calidad de vida. Conclusiones. El estudio proporcionó evidencia preliminar que apoya la viabilidad de la combinación de un tapiz rodante antigravitatorio y un sistema de realidad virtual inmersivo para la rehabilitación de pacientes con EP.


Subject(s)
Exercise Therapy , Feasibility Studies , Gait Disorders, Neurologic/rehabilitation , Parkinson Disease/rehabilitation , Pilot Projects , Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy , Aged , Computer Simulation , Exercise Therapy/instrumentation , Exercise Therapy/methods , Female , Gait Disorders, Neurologic/physiopathology , Gravity, Altered , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Postural Balance , Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy/instrumentation , Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy/methods , Walking
8.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 41(2): 116-126, mar. 2017. graf, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-161108

ABSTRACT

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a growing concern in Intensive Care Units. The advanced age of our patients, with the increase in associated morbidity and the complexity of the treatments provided favor the development of AKI. Since no effective treatment for AKI is available, all efforts are aimed at prevention and early detection of the disorder in order to establish secondary preventive measures to impede AKI progression. In critical patients, the most frequent causes are sepsis and situations that result in renal hypoperfusion; preventive measures are therefore directed at securing hydration and correct hemodynamics through fluid perfusion and the use of inotropic or vasoactive drugs, according to the underlying disease condition. Apart from these circumstances, a number of situations could lead to AKI, related to the administration of nephrotoxic drugs, intra-tubular deposits, the administration of iodinated contrast media, liver failure and major surgery (mainly heart surgery). In these cases, in addition to hydration, there are other specific preventive measures adapted to each condition


La lesión renal aguda (LRA) constituye un problema de importancia creciente en las unidades de cuidados intensivos. La mayor edad de nuestros pacientes, con el aumento de la morbilidad asociada, y la complejidad de los tratamientos realizados favorecen su desarrollo. Puesto que la LRA carece de tratamiento eficaz, todos los esfuerzos se dirigen a la prevención y a su detección precoz con el fin de establecer medidas de prevención secundaria que impidan su progresión. En el paciente crítico, las causas más frecuentemente implicadas son la sepsis y las situaciones que provocan hipoperfusión renal, por lo que las medidas preventivas irán encaminadas a mantener un estado de hidratación y hemodinámico correcto mediante perfusión de fluidos y el uso de fármacos inotrópicos o vasoactivos en función de la enfermedad subyacente. Además de estas circunstancias, existen distintas situaciones que pueden favorecer la LRA, relacionadas con la administración de fármacos nefrotóxicos, los depósitos intratubulares, la administración de contrastes iodados, el fallo hepático y la cirugía mayor, fundamentalmente cirugía cardiaca. En estos casos, además de la hidratación, se dispone de otros aspectos preventivos específicos de cada entidad


Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Kidney Injury/prevention & control , Sepsis/prevention & control , Water-Electrolyte Imbalance/prevention & control , Critical Care/methods , Secondary Prevention/methods , Fluid Therapy
9.
Med Intensiva ; 41(2): 116-126, 2017 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28190602

ABSTRACT

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a growing concern in Intensive Care Units. The advanced age of our patients, with the increase in associated morbidity and the complexity of the treatments provided favor the development of AKI. Since no effective treatment for AKI is available, all efforts are aimed at prevention and early detection of the disorder in order to establish secondary preventive measures to impede AKI progression. In critical patients, the most frequent causes are sepsis and situations that result in renal hypoperfusion; preventive measures are therefore directed at securing hydration and correct hemodynamics through fluid perfusion and the use of inotropic or vasoactive drugs, according to the underlying disease condition. Apart from these circumstances, a number of situations could lead to AKI, related to the administration of nephrotoxic drugs, intra-tubular deposits, the administration of iodinated contrast media, liver failure and major surgery (mainly heart surgery). In these cases, in addition to hydration, there are other specific preventive measures adapted to each condition.


Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/prevention & control , Critical Care/methods , Intensive Care Units , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Acute Kidney Injury/physiopathology , Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Contrast Media/adverse effects , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Fenoldopam/therapeutic use , Fluid Therapy , Hemodynamics , Humans , Liver Failure/complications , Liver Failure/therapy , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Renal Circulation/drug effects , Rhabdomyolysis/complications , Rhabdomyolysis/therapy , Risk Factors , Secondary Prevention , Sepsis/complications , Sepsis/therapy , Vasoconstrictor Agents/adverse effects
10.
J Telemed Telecare ; 23(2): 328-338, 2017 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27000142

ABSTRACT

Introduction Treatment adjustments in Parkinson's disease (PD) are in part dependent on motor assessments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of home-based motor monitoring plus standard in-office visits versus in-office visits alone in patients with advanced PD. Methods The procedures consisted of a prospective, one-year follow-up, randomized, case-control study. A total of 40 patients with advanced PD were randomized into two groups: 20 patients underwent home-based motor monitoring by using wireless motion sensor technology, while the other 20 patients had in-office visits. Motor and non-motor symptom severities, quality of life, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and comorbidities were assessed every four months. Direct costs were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Cost-effectiveness was assessed using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Results Both groups of PD patients were largely comparable in their clinical and demographic variables at baseline; however, there were more participants using levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel in the home-based motor monitoring group. There was a trend for lower Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale functional status (UPDRS II) scores in the patients monitored at home compared to the standard clinical follow-up ( p = 0.06). However, UPDRS parts I, III, IV and quality-adjusted life-years scores were similar between both groups. Home-based motor monitoring was cost-effective in terms of improvement of functional status, motor severity, and motor complications (UPDRS II, III; IV subscales), with an ICER/UPDRS ranging from €126.72 to €701.31, respectively. Discussion Home-based motor monitoring is a tool which collects cost-effective clinical information and helps augment health care for patients with advanced PD.


Subject(s)
Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Monitoring, Ambulatory/economics , Parkinson Disease/economics , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Telemedicine/methods
11.
Int J Infect Dis ; 53: 46-51, 2016 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27815225

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Boceprevir (BOC) was one of the first oral inhibitors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protease to be developed. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of BOC+pegylated interferon-α2a/ribavirin (PEG-IFN/RBV) in the retreatment of HIV-HCV co-infected patients with HCV genotype 1. METHODS: This was a phase III prospective trial. HIV-HCV (genotype 1) co-infected patients from 16 hospitals in Spain were included. These patients received 4 weeks of PEG-IFN/RBV (lead-in), followed by response-guided therapy with PEG-IFN/RBV plus BOC (a fixed 44 weeks was indicated in the case of cirrhosis). The primary endpoint was the sustained virological response (SVR) rate at 24 weeks post-treatment. Efficacy and safety were evaluated in all patients who received at least one dose of the study drug. RESULTS: From June 2013 to April 2014, 102 patients were enrolled, 98 of whom received at least one treatment dose. Seventy-three percent were male, 34% were cirrhotic, 23% had IL28b CC, 65% had genotype 1a, and 41% were previous null responders. The overall SVR rate was 67%. Previous null-responders and cirrhotic patients had lower SVR rates (57% and 51%, respectively). Seventy-six patients (78%) completed the therapy scheme; the most common reasons for discontinuation were lack of response at week 12 (12 patients) and adverse events (six patients). CONCLUSIONS: Response-guided therapy with BOC in combination with PEG-IFN/RBV led to an overall SVR rate of 67%, but an SVR rate of only 51% in patients with cirrhosis. The therapy was generally well tolerated. Although the current standards of care do not include BOC+PEG-IFN/RBV, the authors believe that this combination can be beneficial in situations where new HCV direct antiviral agent interferon-free therapies are not available yet.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Hepacivirus/drug effects , Hepatitis C/drug therapy , Adult , Coinfection , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Genotype , HIV Infections/complications , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C/complications , Humans , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged , Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use , Proline/analogs & derivatives , Proline/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Retreatment , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Spain , Treatment Outcome , Viral Nonstructural Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
12.
Rev. Esp. Cir. Ortop. Traumatol. (Ed. Impr.) ; 60(1): 75-80, ene.-feb. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148105

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El pie plano valgo flexible infantil no requiere tratamiento en la mayoría de los casos. Cuando son sintomáticos se tratan de manera ortopédica y si no se consigue mejoría se procede a la cirugía. Material y métodos. Se describen los casos operados en el Hospital 12 de Octubre con la técnica de calcáneo stop entre los años 1995 y 2002. Se valora también cómo están actualmente estos pacientes. Hemos medido 6 ángulos en la radiografía antes de la cirugía y en la radiografía posterior a esta, y se comparan los ángulos para saber si la corrección conseguida es estadísticamente significativa. En el momento actual se valora una muestra más reducida de pacientes con las mismas mediciones radiológicas y escalas de valoración clínica: de Lickert, y de Smith y Millar. Las últimas radiografías son valoradas por 2 radiólogos para ver si existe artrosis subastragalina. Resultados. A corto plazo se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todos los ángulos. Comparando los ángulos poscirugía con los actuales se concluye que no hay diferencias, excepto en el ángulo de Giannestras, que ha empeorado de manera estadísticamente significativa. Los resultados clínicos y la satisfacción de los pacientes es buena. En las radiografías actuales hay artrosis subastragalina muy incipiente en el 68,5% de los pacientes. Conclusiones. El calcáneo stop es una técnica barata, sencilla y eficaz para corregir el pie plano flexible infantil sintomático y que no haya respondido a medidas conservadoras. La técnica corrige el pie a corto plazo y esta corrección se mantiene en el tiempo (AU)


Introduction. Infantile flexible flatfoot does not require treatment in most cases. Symptomatic flexible flat feet are treated orthopaedically and surgery is only indicated when orthosis fails. Material and methods. Cases who underwent surgical treatment with the stop screw technique at the 12 de Octubre Hospital between 1995 and 2002 are reported. Patient progress is also analysed. Six angles are measured on the x-ray prior to surgery and those same x-ray angles are measured again before material extraction. They are then compared to see if the correction achieved is statistically significant. A more reduced sample is currently being assessed with the same radiological measurements and two clinical assessment scales: Lickert, and Smith and Millar. The latest x-rays are analysed by two radiologists to determine if there is subtalar arthrosis. Results. In the short term, statistically significant differences are observed in all angles. The comparison between the post-surgery angles and the current angles does not show differences, except for the Giannestras angle, which has statistically significantly worsened. Clinical results and patient satisfaction is good. Incipient subtalar arthrosis is present in 68.5% of current patient x-rays. Conclusions. Stop screw method is a cheap, simple and effective technique to correct symptomatic flexible flatfoot that has not improved with conservative treatment. This technique provides short-term foot correction which can be maintained over time (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Child , Calcaneus/abnormalities , Calcaneus/metabolism , Bone Screws , Flatfoot/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Follow-Up Studies , Orthopedic Procedures/instrumentation , Radiography , Treatment Outcome
13.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 60(1): 75-80, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26059741

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Infantile flexible flatfoot does not require treatment in most cases. Symptomatic flexible flat feet are treated orthopaedically and surgery is only indicated when orthosis fails. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cases who underwent surgical treatment with the stop screw technique at the 12 de Octubre Hospital between 1995 and 2002 are reported. Patient progress is also analysed. Six angles are measured on the x-ray prior to surgery and those same x-ray angles are measured again before material extraction. They are then compared to see if the correction achieved is statistically significant. A more reduced sample is currently being assessed with the same radiological measurements and two clinical assessment scales: Lickert, and Smith and Millar. The latest x-rays are analysed by two radiologists to determine if there is subtalar arthrosis. RESULTS: In the short term, statistically significant differences are observed in all angles. The comparison between the post-surgery angles and the current angles does not show differences, except for the Giannestras angle, which has statistically significantly worsened. Clinical results and patient satisfaction is good. Incipient subtalar arthrosis is present in 68.5% of current patient x-rays. CONCLUSIONS: Stop screw method is a cheap, simple and effective technique to correct symptomatic flexible flatfoot that has not improved with conservative treatment. This technique provides short-term foot correction which can be maintained over time.


Subject(s)
Bone Screws , Flatfoot/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Adolescent , Child , Female , Flatfoot/diagnostic imaging , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Orthopedic Procedures/instrumentation , Radiography , Treatment Outcome
14.
Plant Biol (Stuttg) ; 17(2): 505-11, 2015 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25262834

ABSTRACT

Posidonia oceanica is the most common, widespread and important monocotyledon seagrass in the Mediterranean Basin, and hosts a large biodiversity of species, including microorganisms with key roles in the marine environment. In this study, we ascertain the presence of a fungal endophyte in the roots of P. oceanica growing on different substrata (rock, sand and matte) in two Sicilian marine meadows. Staining techniques on root fragments and sections, in combination with microscope observations, were used to visualise the fungal presence and determine the percentage of fungal colonisation (FC) in this tissue. In root fragments, statistical analysis of the FC showed a higher mean in roots anchored on rock than on matte and sand. In root sections, an inter- and intracellular septate mycelium, producing intracellular microsclerotia, was detected from the rhizodermis to the vascular cylinder. Using isolation techniques, we obtained, from both sampling sites, sterile, slow-growing fungal colonies, dark in colour, with septate mycelium, belonging to the dark septate endophytes (DSEs). DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region identified these colonies as Lulwoana sp. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Lulwoana sp. as DSE in roots of P. oceanica. Moreover, the highest fungal colonisation, detected in P. oceanica roots growing on rock, suggests that the presence of the DSE may help the host in several ways, particularly in capturing mineral nutrients through lytic activity.


Subject(s)
Alismatales/microbiology , Ascomycota/physiology , Endophytes , Plant Roots/microbiology , Ascomycota/genetics , Ascomycota/isolation & purification , Italy , Mediterranean Sea , Molecular Sequence Data
15.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 77(3): 0-0, set. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-694931

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Presentar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento mínimamente invasivo de la lumbociatalgia con la inyección de corticoides y anestésicos locales bajo control tomográfico. Materiales y métodos: Se realizaron bloqueos selectivos lumbares bajo control tomográfico a 102 pacientes con lumbociatalgia crónica, en un período comprendido entre agosto del 2011 y junio del 2012. Del total de pacientes, se infiltraron 65 a nivel foraminal (64%), 29 a nivel epidural (28%) y 8 a ambos niveles (8%). Los procedimientos se realizaron en forma ambulatoria con anestesia local. Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento con antiinflamatorios no esteroides (AINES) vía oral y se utilizó la escala numérica del dolor y el índice de Oswestry (IDO) para medir la discapacidad funcional en cada caso. Resultados: El 100% de los pacientes mostró disminución significativa de la sintomatología apenas finalizó el procedimiento, sin observarse complicaciones inmediatas durante el mismo. Se hizo un seguimiento clínico posterior con las escalas anteriormente mencionadas a los 7 días, 1, 3 y 6 meses. En 95 pacientes (93%) se observó una mejora significativa de los síntomas y se suspendió o se redujo la medicación oral, mientras que en 6 pacientes existió una mejoría parcial de los síntomas al mes, pero hubo una recaída a los 3 meses. En estos casos se debió reiniciar el tratamiento con AINES, manteniéndose a 4 pacientes dentro de la categoría del IDO anterior (aunque con una disminución de al menos 2 puntos en el score numérico del dolor). Sólo un paciente no presentó mejoría de la sintomatología durante el seguimiento y tuvo reaparición de los síntomas habituales a los 7 días, por lo que se debió reprogramar una segunda infiltración. Conclusión: En nuestra experiencia el bloqueo nervioso lumbar selectivo bajo control tomográfico, utilizando esteroides y anestésicos locales, resultó un procedimiento efectivo en el control del dolor con un bajo índice de complicaciones.


Objectives: To present our experience with minimally invasive treatment of low back pain and sciatica with the computed tomography-guided percutaneous injection of steroids and local anaesthetics.Materials and methods: From August 2011 to June 2012, 102 patients underwent selective computed tomography-guided foraminal block for low back pain and sciatica treatment.Sixtyfi ve patients received foraminal infi ltration (64%), 29 epidural infi ltration (28%), and 8 (8%) were subject to combined procedures. All procedures were performed on an outpatient basis with local anaesthetic, with no immediate complications. All patients received oral NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs) prior to the procedure. A numeric scale of pain and the Oswestry index (IDO) was employed to measure local pain and limb disability. All patients showed at least 7 points in the initial evaluation. Results: All the patients showed a significant reduction in pain by the end of procedure.A clinical follow-up was made after 7 days, 1, 3, and 6 months after the treatment using the previously mentioned scales. Ninety-fi ve patients (93%) showed a signifi cant improvement in their symptoms, with suspension or decrease in oral medication. Six patients showed only a partial reduction of symptoms during the follow-up after one month, with a recurrence of symptoms after 3 months and restarted oral treatment. Four of these patients remained in the same IDO category with at least a 2 point decrease in the pain scale. Only one patient showed no improvement in symptoms during follow-up with a recurrence of symptoms 7 days after procedure, and for whom a second procedure was reprogrammed. Conclusion: In our experience CT-guided percutaneous lumbar selective nerve block using steroids and local anaesthetics, is an effective method of pain control with a very low incidence of complications...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Glucocorticoids , Low Back Pain , Anesthetics, Local , Nerve Block , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
16.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 77(3): 0-0, set. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-694932

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Mostrar nuestra experiencia en ecografía prostática transrectal y biopsia prostática bajo guía ecográfica a lo largo de 10 años, a través de la realización de un análisis retrospectivo, con el fin de evaluar sus beneficios en la detección del adenocarcinoma, identificar la distribución de muestras positivas en la glándula y exponer la utilidad de la punción de imágenes nodulares. prostáticas transrectales seguidas de biopsias prostáticas bajo control ecográfico. En la muestra se incluyó a pacientes que se realizaron más de una biopsia. Los datos obtenidos de estos procedimientos permitieron identificar la presencia de tres grupos etarios de acuerdo a la incidencia de la patología, conocer la localización más frecuente del adenocarcinoma dentro de la próstata y evaluar la utilidad de la biopsia de los nódulos prostáticos en la detección del adenocarcinoma. Resultados: El análisis de la muestra arrojó un porcentaje de detección del adenocarcinoma del 16% en los menores de 50 años, del 36% en aquellos entre los 50 y 60 años, y del 48% en los mayores de 65 años. La base izquierda de la próstata fue la localización con el índice más alto de positividad (15%), seguido por la media izquierda (14%), la base derecha (14%), la media derecha (13%), el ápex izquierdo (12%), el medio lateral izquierdo (12%), el ápex derecho (11%) y el medio lateral derecho (10%). Doscientos noventa y nueve pacientes presentaron imágenes nodulares: 118 (Grupo A) tuvieron alguna muestra positiva y 181 presentaron resultados negativos (Grupo B). A su vez, el Grupo A se dividió en 3 subgrupos: el Subgrupo A, cuyo resultado positivo se registró en la muestra del nódulo, pero fue negativo en el resto de la glándula; Subgrupo B, cuyos resultados fueron positivos en el resto de la glándula y negativos en la muestra del nódulo; y Subgrupo C, cuyo resultado fue positivo tanto en las muestras de la glándula como en las del nódulo (combinación más frecuente de los tres subgrupos). Conclusión: La ecografía y la biopsia prostáticas bajo guía ecográfi ca juegan un rol importante en la evaluación de la próstata ante la sospecha de un adenocarcinoma. Según nuestra experiencia, la biopsia prostática bajo guía ecográfi ca es el método de mayor utilidad para la detección, especialmente en pacientes mayores de 65 años, y debería incluirse la muestra del nódulo (si la hubiese) en el esquema por octantes.


Purpose: To present our experience in prostatic transrectal ultrasound and transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy over a ten-year period by a retrospective analysis in order to determine the detection rate of adenocarcinoma, identify the distribution of positive samples in the gland, and evaluate the usefulness of biopsy of nodules seen on imaging studies. Materials and methods: A total of 1163 ultrasound and ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsies were performed between March 2001 and November 2011. The population sample included patients who had more than one biopsy performed. Data obtained from these procedures enables us to identify three age groups according to the incidence of pathology, to determine the most frequent location of adenocarcinoma within the prostate, and to evaluate the usefulness of prostate nodules biopsy in the detection of adenocarcinoma. Results: The data analysis showed a 16% detection rate of adenocarcinoma in men under 50 years of age, 36% in patients between 50 and 65 years, and 48% in patients older than 65 years. The left base of the prostate had the highest detection rate (15%), followed by left medium (14%), right base (14%), right medium (13%), left apex (12%), left lateral medium (12%), right apex (11%) and right lateral medium (10%). Nodular images were found in 299 patients: 118 were positive for adenocarcinoma (Group A) and 181 were negative (Group B). Group A was divided into 3 subgroups: Subgroup A, with a positive result only in the nodule sample, and a negative result in the rest of the gland sample; Subgroup B, with a positive result in the gland samples but negative in the nodule sample; and Subgroup C, with results that were positive both in the gland and nodule samples. Conclusion: Ultrasound and ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsy play an important role in the evaluation of the prostate when adenocarcinoma is suspected. Based on our experience, ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy is the most useful method for the detection of adenocarcinoma, especially in patients older than 65 years of age, and the nodule sample (if any) should be included in the eight-biopsy scheme.

17.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 77(3): 0-0, set. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-130668

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Presentar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento mínimamente invasivo de la lumbociatalgia con la inyección de corticoides y anestésicos locales bajo control tomográfico. Materiales y métodos: Se realizaron bloqueos selectivos lumbares bajo control tomográfico a 102 pacientes con lumbociatalgia crónica, en un período comprendido entre agosto del 2011 y junio del 2012. Del total de pacientes, se infiltraron 65 a nivel foraminal (64%), 29 a nivel epidural (28%) y 8 a ambos niveles (8%). Los procedimientos se realizaron en forma ambulatoria con anestesia local. Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento con antiinflamatorios no esteroides (AINES) vía oral y se utilizó la escala numérica del dolor y el índice de Oswestry (IDO) para medir la discapacidad funcional en cada caso. Resultados: El 100% de los pacientes mostró disminución significativa de la sintomatología apenas finalizó el procedimiento, sin observarse complicaciones inmediatas durante el mismo. Se hizo un seguimiento clínico posterior con las escalas anteriormente mencionadas a los 7 días, 1, 3 y 6 meses. En 95 pacientes (93%) se observó una mejora significativa de los síntomas y se suspendió o se redujo la medicación oral, mientras que en 6 pacientes existió una mejoría parcial de los síntomas al mes, pero hubo una recaída a los 3 meses. En estos casos se debió reiniciar el tratamiento con AINES, manteniéndose a 4 pacientes dentro de la categoría del IDO anterior (aunque con una disminución de al menos 2 puntos en el score numérico del dolor). Sólo un paciente no presentó mejoría de la sintomatología durante el seguimiento y tuvo reaparición de los síntomas habituales a los 7 días, por lo que se debió reprogramar una segunda infiltración. Conclusión: En nuestra experiencia el bloqueo nervioso lumbar selectivo bajo control tomográfico, utilizando esteroides y anestésicos locales, resultó un procedimiento efectivo en el control del dolor con un bajo índice de complicaciones.(AU)


Objectives: To present our experience with minimally invasive treatment of low back pain and sciatica with the computed tomography-guided percutaneous injection of steroids and local anaesthetics. Materials and methods: From August 2011 to June 2012, 102 patients underwent selective computed tomography-guided foraminal block for low back pain and sciatica treatment. Sixtyfi ve patients received foraminal infi ltration (64%), 29 epidural infi ltration (28%), and 8 (8%) were subject to combined procedures. All procedures were performed on an outpatient basis with local anaesthetic, with no immediate complications. All patients received oral NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs) prior to the procedure. A numeric scale of pain and the Oswestry index (IDO) was employed to measure local pain and limb disability. All patients showed at least 7 points in the initial evaluation. Results: All the patients showed a significant reduction in pain by the end of procedure. A clinical follow-up was made after 7 days, 1, 3, and 6 months after the treatment using the previously mentioned scales. Ninety-fi ve patients (93%) showed a signifi cant improvement in their symptoms, with suspension or decrease in oral medication. Six patients showed only a partial reduction of symptoms during the follow-up after one month, with a recurrence of symptoms after 3 months and restarted oral treatment. Four of these patients remained in the same IDO category with at least a 2 point decrease in the pain scale. Only one patient showed no improvement in symptoms during follow-up with a recurrence of symptoms 7 days after procedure, and for whom a second procedure was reprogrammed. Conclusion: In our experience CT-guided percutaneous lumbar selective nerve block using steroids and local anaesthetics, is an effective method of pain control with a very low incidence of complications.(AU)

18.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 77(3): 0-0, set. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-130667

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Mostrar nuestra experiencia en ecografía prostática transrectal y biopsia prostática bajo guía ecográfica a lo largo de 10 años, a través de la realización de un análisis retrospectivo, con el fin de evaluar sus beneficios en la detección del adenocarcinoma, identificar la distribución de muestras positivas en la glándula y exponer la utilidad de la punción de imágenes nodulares. prostáticas transrectales seguidas de biopsias prostáticas bajo control ecográfico. En la muestra se incluyó a pacientes que se realizaron más de una biopsia. Los datos obtenidos de estos procedimientos permitieron identificar la presencia de tres grupos etarios de acuerdo a la incidencia de la patología, conocer la localización más frecuente del adenocarcinoma dentro de la próstata y evaluar la utilidad de la biopsia de los nódulos prostáticos en la detección del adenocarcinoma. Resultados: El análisis de la muestra arrojó un porcentaje de detección del adenocarcinoma del 16% en los menores de 50 años, del 36% en aquellos entre los 50 y 60 años, y del 48% en los mayores de 65 años. La base izquierda de la próstata fue la localización con el índice más alto de positividad (15%), seguido por la media izquierda (14%), la base derecha (14%), la media derecha (13%), el ápex izquierdo (12%), el medio lateral izquierdo (12%), el ápex derecho (11%) y el medio lateral derecho (10%). Doscientos noventa y nueve pacientes presentaron imágenes nodulares: 118 (Grupo A) tuvieron alguna muestra positiva y 181 presentaron resultados negativos (Grupo B). A su vez, el Grupo A se dividió en 3 subgrupos: el Subgrupo A, cuyo resultado positivo se registró en la muestra del nódulo, pero fue negativo en el resto de la glándula; Subgrupo B, cuyos resultados fueron positivos en el resto de la glándula y negativos en la muestra del nódulo; y Subgrupo C, cuyo resultado fue positivo tanto en las muestras de la glándula como en las del nódulo (combinación más frecuente de los tres subgrupos). Conclusión: La ecografía y la biopsia prostáticas bajo guía ecográfi ca juegan un rol importante en la evaluación de la próstata ante la sospecha de un adenocarcinoma. Según nuestra experiencia, la biopsia prostática bajo guía ecográfi ca es el método de mayor utilidad para la detección, especialmente en pacientes mayores de 65 años, y debería incluirse la muestra del nódulo (si la hubiese) en el esquema por octantes.(AU)


Purpose: To present our experience in prostatic transrectal ultrasound and transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy over a ten-year period by a retrospective analysis in order to determine the detection rate of adenocarcinoma, identify the distribution of positive samples in the gland, and evaluate the usefulness of biopsy of nodules seen on imaging studies. Materials and methods: A total of 1163 ultrasound and ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsies were performed between March 2001 and November 2011. The population sample included patients who had more than one biopsy performed. Data obtained from these procedures enables us to identify three age groups according to the incidence of pathology, to determine the most frequent location of adenocarcinoma within the prostate, and to evaluate the usefulness of prostate nodules biopsy in the detection of adenocarcinoma. Results: The data analysis showed a 16% detection rate of adenocarcinoma in men under 50 years of age, 36% in patients between 50 and 65 years, and 48% in patients older than 65 years. The left base of the prostate had the highest detection rate (15%), followed by left medium (14%), right base (14%), right medium (13%), left apex (12%), left lateral medium (12%), right apex (11%) and right lateral medium (10%). Nodular images were found in 299 patients: 118 were positive for adenocarcinoma (Group A) and 181 were negative (Group B). Group A was divided into 3 subgroups: Subgroup A, with a positive result only in the nodule sample, and a negative result in the rest of the gland sample; Subgroup B, with a positive result in the gland samples but negative in the nodule sample; and Subgroup C, with results that were positive both in the gland and nodule samples. Conclusion: Ultrasound and ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsy play an important role in the evaluation of the prostate when adenocarcinoma is suspected. Based on our experience, ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy is the most useful method for the detection of adenocarcinoma, especially in patients older than 65 years of age, and the nodule sample (if any) should be included in the eight-biopsy scheme.(AU)

19.
Mar Environ Res ; 87-88: 96-102, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23643476

ABSTRACT

The effects of different substratum typologies on Posidonia oceanica growth and morphology were estimated in four Sicilian meadows using Generalized and Linear Mixed Models combined with retrodating and biometric analyses. Substratum exerted a multiple effect, resulting in different biometric features for P. oceanica shoots settled on rock from those growing on sand and matte. On rock, values for growth rate, leaf length and shoot surface were lower than those on other substrata, with 42%, 23% and 32% the highest degree of difference respectively. The present study may have interesting methodological consequences for the comprehensive understanding of the causative variables potentially affecting meadows features and their health status. The importance of substratum in the prediction of likely biometry changes in P. oceanica meadows, means that knowledge of substratum type should receive due attention in the future to derive reliable estimates of meadow status.


Subject(s)
Alismatales/growth & development , Plant Leaves/growth & development , Rhizome/growth & development , Environmental Monitoring , Geologic Sediments , Linear Models , Models, Biological , Sicily
20.
Mol Psychiatry ; 18(9): 1041-8, 2013 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22869036

ABSTRACT

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a neurodevelopmentally regulated epigenetic modification shown to modulate complex behavior in animals. Little is known about human A-to-I editing, but it is thought to constitute one of many molecular mechanisms connecting environmental stimuli and behavioral outputs. Thus, comprehensive exploration of A-to-I RNA editing in human brains may shed light on gene-environment interactions underlying complex behavior in health and disease. Synaptic function is a main target of A-to-I editing, which can selectively recode key amino acids in synaptic genes, directly altering synaptic strength and duration in response to environmental signals. Here, we performed a high-resolution survey of synaptic A-to-I RNA editing in a human population, and examined how it varies in autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder in which synaptic abnormalities are a common finding. Using ultra-deep (>1000 × ) sequencing, we quantified the levels of A-to-I editing of 10 synaptic genes in postmortem cerebella from 14 neurotypical and 11 autistic individuals. A high dynamic range of editing levels was detected across individuals and editing sites, from 99.6% to below detection limits. In most sites, the extreme ends of the population editing distributions were individuals with autism. Editing was correlated with isoform usage, clusters of correlated sites were identified, and differential editing patterns examined. Finally, a dysfunctional form of the editing enzyme adenosine deaminase acting on RNA B1 was found more commonly in postmortem cerebella from individuals with autism. These results provide a population-level, high-resolution view of A-to-I RNA editing in human cerebella and suggest that A-to-I editing of synaptic genes may be informative for assessing the epigenetic risk for autism.


Subject(s)
Autistic Disorder/genetics , Autistic Disorder/pathology , Cerebellum/metabolism , Cerebellum/pathology , RNA Editing/genetics , Adenosine Deaminase/genetics , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , DNA Mutational Analysis , Female , Filamins/genetics , Gene Library , Humans , Kv1.1 Potassium Channel/genetics , Male , Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted , Protein Isoforms/genetics , RNA-Binding Proteins , Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/genetics , Receptors, AMPA/genetics , Transcriptome , Young Adult
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