[Epidemiological study of risk behaviour in adolescents at school in two populations, semi-rural and urban]. / Estudio epidemiológico de comportamientos de riesgo en adolescentes escolarizados de dos poblaciones, semirrural y urbana.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the risk behavior relationships existing in school adolescents between themselves and with the place of residence. DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study. PARTICIPANTS: School students from Cabra (semi-rural, 1319 students) and from one high school in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (urban: 1,751 students). SAMPLE POPULATION: n=738 (368/370). Sampling unit classroom. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS. Anonymous, self-filled questionnaire, with several subjects: demographic data, traffic-related risk conducts, alcohol consumption, tobacco, other drugs, sexuality, physical exercise and dietetic habits. SELECTION CRITERIA: attendance at class on the day of the questionnaire and age 15-21. The relationship between variables was studied by logistical regression and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA); odds ratio (OR: logistical regression) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Median age: Cabra 17.6 (CI, 17.5-17.8), Las Palmas 16.4 (CI, 16.2-16.5). Those living in Las Palmas have a higher risk of heavy drinking on weekends (OR, 3.2; CI, 1.9-5.1), of being offered drugs (OR, 4.5; CI, 3.1-6.5) and of consuming them (OR, 4.1; CI, 2.1-8.3), as well as of having sexual intercourse (OR, 2.5; CI, 1.6-3.8). In the MCA tobacco, alcohol and other drug use, having sexual intercourse and not doing regular physical exercise were closely-located within themselves. CONCLUSIONS: Risk behaviours are interrelated and influenced by the habitat, and start to appear at the beginning of the adolescence.

Estudio epidemiológico de comportamientos de riesgo en adolescentes escolarizados de dos poblaciones, semirrural y urbana / Epidemiological study of risk behaviour in adolescents at school in two populations, semi-rural and urban

Objetivo. Describir la relación entre sí y con el lugar de residencia de comportamientos de riesgo de adolescentes escolarizados. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Participantes. Alumnos de enseñanza media de Cabra, en Córdoba (semirrural: 1.319 estudiantes) y de un instituto de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (urbana: 1.751 estudiantes). Población muestral: n = 738 (368/370). Unidad de muestreo: el aula. Mediciones y resultados principales. Cuestionario anónimo, autocumplimentado, con los siguientes apartados: datos sociodemográficos, conductas de riesgo relacionadas con tráfico, consumo de alcohol, tabaco, otras drogas, sexualidad, ejercicio físico y hábitos dietéticos. Criterios de selección: asistencia a clase el día de la encuesta y edad 15-21 años. Se estudió la relación entre variables mediante regresión logística y análisis de correspondencias múltiples (ACM); se calcularon las odds ratio (OR: regresión logística) con intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95 per cent. Edad media: Cabra, 17,6 años (IC del 95 per cent, 17,5-17,8), Las Palmas 16,4 años (IC del 95 per cent, 16,216,5). En Las Palmas tienen un mayor riesgo de beber en exceso los fines de semana (OR, 3,2; IC del 95 per cent, 1,9-5,1), de que les ofrezcan drogas (OR, 4,5; IC del 95 per cent, 3,1-6,5) y de consumirlas (OR, 4,1; IC del 95 per cent, 2,1-8,3), así como de mantener relaciones sexuales (OR, 2,5; IC del 95 per cent, 1,6-3,8). En el ACM se agruparon entre sí el consumo de tabaco, alcohol y otras drogas, mantener relaciones sexuales completas y no practicar habitualmente ejercicio físico. Conclusiones. Los comportamientos de riesgo están interrelacionados e influidos por el hábitat, y se inician al comienzo de la adolescencia (AU)

[Distribution of habits related to health in a female Canarian population]. / Distribución de hábitos relacionados con la salud en una población femenina canaria.

BACKGROUND: To compare several anthropometric variables, obesity and some life-style (tobacco, coffee and alcohol consumption and physical activity during leisure time) in women 45 years old and older. METHODS: From the 1991 electoral roll, we obtained a population of 1221 women aged more than 45 years living in the island of Gran Canaria. A questionnaire and a physical examination including weight and height with light clothes was performed in every woman. Obesity was defined according to the Quetelet index, and weight (in kg) divided by height (in m) at square. RESULTS: Rural women aged more than 45 years old are heavier, have a larger corporal surface, have a higher Quetelet index, smoke less and do greater activity during leisure time than urban women the same age. We found no differences either in alcohol or coffee consumption. CONCLUSIONS: There are statistically significant differences between women that live in rural and urban habitats. Anthropometric variables (weight, corporal surface, Quetelet index) show higher values in rural women than in urban ones. On the other hand, tobacco consumption and sadentarism have a higher prevalence in the urban women compared to rural ones.

[Drug-induced extrapyramidal syndrome. Apropos of 22 cases]. / Síndrome extrapiramidal medicamentoso. A propósito de 22 observaciones.

We present extrapyramidal syndrome in 22 children (5 en 1984 and 17 during 1985) who received clebopride (15), metoclopramide (6) and haloperidol (1), almost all at the level of therapeutic doses, which fact seems to indicated a idiosyncratic factor. Symptoms occurred after 2.36 +/- 1.49 doses (mean+/- SD), and the most frequent was: dyskinetic movements (45.5%), oculogyric crisis (40.9%), uneasiness (40.9%) and hypertonic reaction (36.4%). The symptoms disappeared in all patients after drug administration was stopped and therapy with diphenhydramine or biperiden intravenously.