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1.
HIV Med ; 21(8): 541-546, 2020 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32516849

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: We assessed the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) among older (≥ 65 years) people living with HIV (O-PLWH) in the region of Madrid. METHODS: We analysed the dispensation registry of community and hospital pharmacies from the Madrid Regional Health Service (SERMAS) for the period between 1 January and 30 June 2017, looking specifically at PIMs according to the 2019 Beers criteria. Co-medications were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. RESULTS: A total of 6 636 451 individuals received medications. Of these individuals, 22 945 received antiretrovirals (ARVs), and of these 1292 were O-PLWH. Overall, 1135 (87.8%) O-PLWH were taking at least one co-medication, and polypharmacy (at least five co-medications) was observed in 852 individuals (65.9%). A PIM was identified in 482 (37.3%) O-PLWH. Factors independently associated with PIM were polypharmacy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 7.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.16-9.72] and female sex (aOR 1.75; 95% CI 1.30-2.35). The distribution of PIMs according to ATC drug class were nervous system drugs (n = 369; 28.6%), musculoskeletal system drugs (n = 140; 10.8%), gastrointestinal and metabolism drugs (n = 72; 5.6%), cardiovascular drugs (n = 61; 4.7%), respiratory system drugs (n = 13; 1.0%), antineoplastic and immunomodulating drugs (n = 10; 0.8%), and systemic anti-infectives (n = 2; 0.2%). Five drugs accounted for 84.8% of the 482O PLWH with PIMs: lorazepam (38.2%), ibuprofen (18.0%), diazepam (10.2%), metoclopramide (9.9%), and zolpidem (8.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Prescription of PIMs is highly prevalent in O-PLWH. Consistent with data in uninfected elderly people, the most frequently observed PIMs were benzodiazepines and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs . Targeted interventions are warranted to reduce inappropriate prescribing and polypharmacy in this vulnerable population.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections/drug therapy , Inappropriate Prescribing/statistics & numerical data , Potentially Inappropriate Medication List/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Polypharmacy , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiology
4.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-5328

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Verificar si la introducción de, al menos, un factor corrector que pondere a la población anciana mejorará la equidad del criterio de asignación presupuestaria a los EAP de nuestra área sanitaria. Método: Estudio descriptivo de correlación utilizando como población los equipos de atención primaria del Área 4 del Insalud-Madrid (período de estudio: 1997-1998). Se realiza una regresión lineal entre la desviación presupuestaria de los Equipos en 1997 y la relación de dependencia de ancianos modificada (RDA), utilizando los resultados de 1998 como grupo de validación, y un análisis de la covariancia para la comparación de las rectas de regresión de ambos años utilizando el año como variable de control. Resultados: Existe una correlación altamente significativa entre la RDA y la desviación presupuestaria (p = 0,0004). El modelo explica el 60,5 por ciento de la desviación presupuestaria de los EAP en 1997. En términos porcentuales, aproximadamente, por cada punto (0,9 ñ 0,2) que se incremente la RDA de un EAP es de esperar que su desviación presupuestaria se incremente en un punto (p = 0,0004). La pérdida de predicción del modelo es del 9,5 por ciento. Del análisis de la covariancia se deduce que no existen diferencias significativas en la pendiente de las rectas (p > 0,91) ni en el punto de corte con el eje de ordenadas (p > 0,84) de las rectas de regresión de 1997 y 1998. Conclusión: En nuestra área sanitaria la desviación de los EAP se explica en parte por una insuficiente ponderación de la población mayor de 65 años. La introducción de la RDA mejora la precisión de la desviación presupuestaria de los EAP. Es posible utilizar las desviaciones presupuestarias de diferentes años de los EAP como una sola muestra para mejorar el modelo (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Primary Health Care , Budgets , Drug Prescriptions/economics , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Analysis of Variance , Regression Analysis , Coverage Equity
5.
Aten Primaria ; 25(9): 618-24, 2000 May 31.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10920515

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of pharmaceutical prescription by means of various indicators. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, retrospective study. SETTING: Non-hospital prescription in all the INSALUD provinces, except Ceuta and Melilla, for a year (1997). MEASUREMENTS: Different quality indicators were analysed for the following groups of medicines: oral diabetes drugs, anti-platelet aggregation drugs, anti-hypertension drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, tranquillisers and hypnotic drugs, antibiotics, anti-asthmatic drugs and the omeprazol efficiency indicator. Consumption was expressed in defined daily doses (DDD) and in DDD per 1000 persons and per day (DID). A prescription quality indicator was indicated on the basis of weighing up the indicators. RESULTS: The sulphonylurea drugs varied greatly (15-56%) and deviated negatively a lot from the standard value. AAS and ticlopidine made up 74% of the anti-platelet aggregation drugs. Consumption of calcium antagonists was three times greater than of beta-blockers. Captopril and enalapril were 65% of the ACE inhibitors. Ibuprofen, naproxen and diclofenac made up between 34 and 50% of the NSAIDs. The DID of hypnotics was 44 against a standard figure of 24. Use of first-level antibiotics was 77%. Inhaled adrenergic drugs came to 80% of total anti-asthmatic drugs. The cost of omeprazol treatment per day was 267 pesetas/DID, which was inefficient in comparison with the standard of 190. All provinces had a prescription quality indicator above six out of ten. CONCLUSIONS: The ACE inhibitors, anti-asthmatic drugs and antibiotics were close to the standard. The use of sulphonylurea drugs, beta-blockers, NSAIDs and hypnotics was a long way from standard. The prescription level was acceptable in the different provinces.


Subject(s)
Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Drug Prescriptions/standards , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Primary Health Care , Retrospective Studies , Spain
6.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 25(9): 618-624, mayo 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-4102

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Evaluar la calidad de prescripción farmacéutica mediante la utilización de diferentes indicadores. Diseño. Estudio retrospectivo transversal. Emplazamiento. Prescripción extrahospitalaria en todas las provincias del INSALUD (excepto Ceuta y Melilla) durante un año (1997). Mediciones. Se analizaron diferentes indicadores de calidad para los siguientes grupos de medicamentos: antidiabéticos orales, antiagregantes plaquetarios, antihipertensivos, antiinflamatorios no esteroides, tranquilizantes e hipnóticos, antibióticos, antiasmáticos e indicador de eficiencia del omeprazol. El consumo fue expresado en dosis diarias definidas (DDD) y en DDD por 1.000 personas y día (DHD). Se calculó un indicador de calidad de la prescripción (URM) a partir de una ponderación de los indicadores. Resultados. Las sulfonilureas presentan gran variabilidad (15-56 por ciento) y gran desviación negativa respecto al valor estándar. AAS y ticlopidina suponen un 74 por ciento de los antiagregantes plaquetarios. El consumo de antagonistas del calcio es 3 veces mayor que el de bloqueadores beta. Captopril y enalapril constituyeron un 65 por ciento de los IECA. Ibuprofeno, naproxeno y diclofenaco suponen el 34-50 por ciento del total de AINE. La DHD de hipnóticos fue de 44 frente a un valor estándar de 24. El uso de antibióticos de primer nivel representa un 77 por ciento. Los adrenérgicos inhalados fueron un 80 por ciento respecto al total de antiasmáticos. El coste tratamiento día de omeprazol fue de 267 pts./DDD, siendo poco eficiente respecto al estándar de 190. Todas las provincias obtienen un valor de indicador URM superior a seis sobre diez. Conclusiones. Los indicadores de IECA, antiasmáticos y antibióticos se apriximaron al estándar. La utilización de sulfonilureas, bloqueadores beta, AINE e hipnóticos se aleja mucho del valor estándar. El nivel de prescripción fue aceptable en las diferentes provincias (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Spain , Primary Health Care , Retrospective Studies , Drug Prescriptions , Cross-Sectional Studies
7.
Aten Primaria ; 23(7): 419-24, 1999 Apr 30.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10363394

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of specific interventions on generic prescribing in general practices. DESIGN: Non randomized controlled study. SETTING: General practices in 2 health areas of Madrid. PARTICIPANTS: 5 general practices (intervention group) and 5 general practices (control group). INTERVENTIONS: In 1994, intervention group received monthly educational seminars on generic drugs and computer-produced prescribing feedback. The control group received not seminars and not feedback. Prescription monitoring of both groups continued during 1994. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Area factor before and during intervention, and intervention factor for both areas (control and intervention) related with prescribing volume and costs of generics were analysis. Prescribing volume of generics in the intervention group was significantly greater than for control group (p < 0.01) by both area and intervention factors. Prescribing costs of generics in the intervention group was significantly greater for control group (p < 0.05) by area factor but both groups were significantly different by intervention factor. CONCLUSION: Educational seminars and feedback information on generics improve generic prescribing but it should be evaluated for broader areas of physicians on prescribing costs.


Subject(s)
Drug Prescriptions , Drugs, Generic/therapeutic use , Primary Health Care , Analysis of Variance , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Spain
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