ABSTRACT
Integrins are cell receptors involved in several metabolic pathways often associated with cell proliferation. Some of these integrins are downregulated during human physical development, but when these integrins are overexpressed in adult humans, they can be associated with several diseases, such as cancer. Molecules that specifically bind to these integrins are useful for cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment. This review focuses on the structures of integrin-peptidic ligand complexes to dissect how the binding occurs and the molecular basis of the specificity and affinity of these peptidic ligands. Understanding these interactions at the molecular level is fundamental to be able to design new peptides that are more specific and more sensitive to a particular integrin. The integrin complexes covered in this review are α5ß1, αIIbß3, αvß3, αvß6, and αvß8, because the molecular structures of the complex have been experimentally determined and their presence on tumor cancer cells are associated with a poor prognosis, making them targets for cancer detection and treatment.
ABSTRACT
The determination of oocyte quality is crucial for achieving effective syngamy post-sperm injection and embryonic development. Cumulus cells (CCs) have been proposed as biomarkers of oocyte quality because of their close bio-dynamic relationship with the oocyte. To determine the quality of the oocyte, CCs were sampled during oocyte preparation for ICSI to determine a CC DNA fragmentation index (CCDFI) of each individual oocyte using a variant of the chromatin dispersion test. One hundred and thirty oocytes were selected and studied from two Spanish fertility clinics, 90 of which were fertilized and developed to embryos. Significant differences were found between the CCDFI of unfertilized and fertilized oocytes (p < .001) and between the CCDFI of embryos that were discarded and those that developed suitable for transfer or cryopreservation (p < .001). Oocyte quality was negatively correlated with CCDFI (Spearman's rho = - 0.45; p < .001). Receiver operator characteristics curves (ROC) suggested that a cut-off value of 24% CCDFI was able to discriminate the capacity of the gametes to result in syngamy with a sensitivity and specificity of 75.6% and 65%, respectively. This cut-off supports the application of CCDFI as potential index for the evaluation of the reproductive potential of oocytes prior to fertilization.
Subject(s)
Cumulus Cells , Semen , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Male , Oocytes , Fertilization , DNA DamageABSTRACT
La Diabetes Mellitus es una enfermedad crónica las complicaciones asociadas a la misma se vinculan con el grado de conocimiento que tenga elpaciente sobre su enfermedad. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo con el objetivo de estimar el grado de conocimiento sobre Diabetes relacionándola con edad, sexo, nivel de instrucción, situación laboral, estado civil, situaciónde convivencia, presencia o no de antecedentes de Diabetes de tipo II en familiares directos y tipo de tratamiento que recibían. La población en estudio fue una muestra de 90 pacientes controlados en el servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital "José F. de San Martin", durante el año 2016. Se analizó el grado de conocimiento mediante un instrumento basado en un cuestionario realizado por la Universidad de Michigan (EUA) y un cuestionario de Diabetes ECODI (Escala de conocimientos de Diabetes). Las operaciones estadísticas utilizadas fueron porcentajes y promedios en el programa "Excel".RESULTADOSEl 69% de los pacientes encuestados obtuvo un grado de conocimiento aceptable; de estos la mayoría no tenían antecedentes de Diabetes, eran adultos maduros (36 a 59años de edad), pertenecían al sexo femenino, tenían riesgo educativo (personas con escolaridad básica incompleta), trabajaban de forma independiente, eran solteros, vivían solos y tenían la alimentación como principal tratamiento.DISCUSIÓNExisten estudios antecedentes que demuestran que el grado de conocimientos de pacientes diabéticos sobre su enfermedad influye directamente en el autocuidado de los mismos. Este estudio evidenció que el grado de conocimiento sobre su enfermedad es aceptable en los sujetos estudiados resultados similares a lo obtenido por Rodríguez en Buenos Aires Argentina 2015.CONCLUSIONESSe encontró un nivel de conocimientos aceptable, se sugiere implementar talleres supervisados para evaluar autocuidado, estrategias demostrativas sobre complicaciones para concientizar y lograr mantener un buen nivel de conocimientos o mejorarlo
ABSTRACTDiabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease, the complications associated with it are related to the degree of knowledge that the patient has about his illness.A quantitative, cross -sectional and descriptive study was carried out to estimate the level of knowledge about Diabetes related to age, sex, educational level, employment status, marital status, coexistence situation, presence or absence of type II diabetes In direct relatives and type of treatment that they received. The study population was a sample of 90 patients controlled in the service of Endocrinology of the Hospital "José F. de San Martin",during the year 2016. The degree of knowledge was analyzed through an instrument based on a questionnaire carried out by the University of Michigan (USA) and an ECODI (Diabetes Knowledge Scale) questionnaire. The statistical operations used were percentages and averages in the "Excel" program.RESULTS69% of the patients surveyed obtained an acceptable level of knowledge; Most of them had no history of diabetes, were mature adults (36-59 years of age), were female, had educational risk (people with incomplete basic schooling), worked independently, were single, lived alone and had Feeding as the main treatment.DISCUSSIONThere are previous studies that show that the degree of knowledge of diabetic patients about their disease directly influences their self-care. This study evidenced that the degree of knowledge about its disease is acceptable in the studied subjects results similar to the one obtained by Rodríguez in Buenos Aires Argentina 2015. CONCLUSIONSAn acceptable level of knowledge was found, it is suggested to implement supervised workshops to evaluate self-care, demonstrative strategies on complications to raise awareness and to maintain a good level of knowledge or improve it
SumárioDiabetes mellitus é uma doença complicações crónicas associadas a ela estão ligados ao grau de conhecimento que tem do paciente sobre sua doença.quantitativa, transversal e estudo descritivo foi realizado para estimar o grau de conhecimento sobre Diabetes relacionando-a com a idade, sexo, nível de escolaridade, situação de emprego, estado civil, situação que vivem, presença ou ausência de uma história de Diabetes Tipo II na família imediata e tipo de tratamento que receberam. A população do estudo foi uma amostra de 90 pacientes tratados no Serviço de Endocrinologia do Hospital "José F. de San Martin" durante 2016. O nível de conhecimento foi analisada por um modelo baseado em um questionário realizado pela Universidade de instrumento Michigan (EUA) e um questionário ECoDI Diabetes (Escala conhecimento Diabetes). operações estatísticas utilizadas foram percentagens e médias programa "Excel".RESULTADOS69% dos pacientes pesquisados recebeu um grau aceitável de conhecimento; destes a maioria não tinha história de diabetes, fossem adultos maduros (36-59 anos de idade) eram do sexo feminino, tinha de risco educacional (pessoas com ensino fundamental incompleto), trabalhando de forma independente, eles eram solteiros, vivia sozinho e tinha alimentos como tratamento primário.DISCUSSÃOHá estudos precedentes que mostram que o grau de conhecimento dos pacientes diabéticos acerca de sua doença afeta diretamente a auto-cuidado deles. Este estudo mostrou que o grau de conhecimento sobre a sua doença é aceitável nos assuntos semelhantes aos obtidos por Rodriguez em Buenos Aires Argentina 2015 resultados.CONCLUSÕESum nível aceitável de conhecimento foi encontrado, sugere-se a implementação de oficinas supervisionadas para avaliar as estratégias de auto-atendimento complicações manifestação para sensibilizar e conseguir manter um bom nível de conhecimento ou melhorá-lo
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Self Care , Chronic Disease , Diabetes Mellitus/prevention & control , Patients , Risk , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data , KnowledgeABSTRACT
Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, analítica de casos y controles, retrospectiva, transversal y observacional que tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación entre grupo etario, nivel de instrucción, tipo de cirugía, número de ganglios extirpados y la aparición del linfedema dentro del año posterior a la cirugía en pacientes mastectomizadas. Las unidades de análisis fueron pacientes mastectomizadas atendidas en el Servicio de Oncología del Hospital Julio C. Perrando de la Ciudad de Resistencia Chaco, entre 2011 y 2012. Los resultados mostraron que las pacientes mastectomizadas del grupo etario de 51 a 65 años tuvieron 1,22 veces más probabilidades de presentar linfedema; luego del año posterior a la cirugía.En cuanto al nivel de instrucción incompleto se asoció a la aparición del linfedema, presentándose como un factorde protección con un OR de 0,17 siendo estadísticamente significativo. Respecto al tipo de cirugía realizada, se constató que las pacientes que recibieron mastectomía radical obtuvieron un OR de 1,90 representó un factor de riesgo este tipo de cirugía; en cambio, las pacientes intervenidas quirúrgicamente con extirpación de más de 5 ganglios obtuvieron un OR de 2,5 presentán dose como factor de riesgo para padecer linfedema.
A subsequent quantitative study of cases and controls, retrospective, cross-sectional observational which aimed toestablish the relationship between the age group, education level, type of surgery, number of lymph and the onsetof lymphedema was performed within one year to surgery in breast cancer patients. The units of analysis mastectomy patients were treated at the Oncology Hospital Julio C. Perrando City Resistencia Chaco, between 2011 and 2012.The results showed that breast cancer patients in the age group 51-65 years were 1.22 times more likely todevelop lymphedema; then the year after surgery. Regarding the level of incomplete instruction was associated with the onset of lymphedema, posing as a protective factor with an OR of 0.17 was statistically significant.Regarding the type of surgery performed, it was found that patients who received radical mastectomy obtaining an OR of 1.90 representing a risk factor for this type of surgery, whereas among patients who underwent with removal of more than 5 lymph obtained an OR of 2.5 appearing as a risk factor for lymphedema.
Subject(s)
Female , Breast Neoplasms , Lymphedema , Mastectomy , Qualitative Research , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignant tumor in Spain, when men and women are considered together, and the second leading cause of cancer death. Every week in Spain over 500 cases of CRC are diagnosed, and nearly 260 people die from the disease. Epidemiologic estimations for the coming years show a significant increase in the number of annual cases. CRC is a perfectly preventable tumor and can be cured in 90% of cases if detected in the early stages. Population-based screening programs have been shown to reduce the incidence of CRC and mortality from the disease. Unless early detection programs are established in Spain, it is estimated that in the coming years, 1 out of 20 men and 1 out of 30 women will develop CRC before the age of 75. The Alliance for the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer in Spain is an independent and non-profit organization created in 2008 that integrates patients' associations, altruistic non-governmental organizations and scientific societies. Its main objective is to raise awareness and disseminate information on the social and healthcare importance of CRC in Spain and to promote screening measures, early detection and prevention programs. Health professionals, scientific societies, healthcare institutions and civil society should be sensitized to this highly important health problem that requires the participation of all sectors of society. The early detection of CRC is an issue that affects the whole of society and therefore it is imperative for all sectors to work together.
Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Information Dissemination , Organizations, Nonprofit/organization & administration , Colonoscopy/standards , Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Cooperative Behavior , Early Detection of Cancer , Global Health , Goals , Health Education/organization & administration , Health Priorities , Humans , Incidence , Mass Screening , Occult Blood , Organizations/organization & administration , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Private Sector , Public Sector , Self-Help Groups/organization & administration , Societies, Medical/organization & administration , Societies, Scientific/organization & administration , Spain/epidemiologySubject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Health Promotion , Community Participation , Self Care , Substance-Related DisordersABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Intestinal parasitic infections are a public health problem in developing countries such as Mexico. As a result, two governmental programmes have been implemented: a) "National Deworming Campaign" and b) "Opportunities" aimed at maternal care. However, both programmes are developed separately and their impact is still unknown. We independently investigated whether a variety of socio-economic factors, including maternal education and employment levels, were associated with intestinal parasite infection in rural school children. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 rural communities in two Mexican states. The study sites and populations were selected on the basis of the following traits: a) presence of activities by the national administration of albendazole, b) high rates of intestinal parasitism, c) little access to medical examination, and d) a population having less than 2,500 inhabitants. A total of 507 schoolchildren (mean age 8.2 years) were recruited and 1,521 stool samples collected (3 per child). Socio-economic information was obtained by an oral questionnaire. Regression modelling was used to determine the association of socio-economic indicators and intestinal parasitism. RESULTS: More than half of the schoolchildren showed poliparasitism (52%) and protozoan infections (65%). The prevalence of helminth infections was higher in children from Oaxaca (53%) than in those from Sinaloa (33%) (p < 0.0001). Giardia duodenalis and Hymenolepis nana showed a high prevalence in both states. Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Entamoeba hystolitica/dispar showed low prevalence. Children from lower-income families and with unemployed and less educated mothers showed higher risk of intestinal parasitism (odds ratio (OR) 6.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-22.6; OR 4.5, 95% CI 2.5-8.2; OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.5-7.4 respectively). Defecation in open areas was also a high risk factor for infection (OR 2.4, 95% CI 2.0-3.0). CONCLUSION: Intestinal parasitism remains an important public health problem in Sinaloa (north-western Mexico) and Oaxaca (south-eastern Mexico). Lower income, defecation in open areas, employment status and a lower education level of mothers were the significant factors related to these infections. We conclude that mothers should be involved in health initiatives to control intestinal parasitism in Mexico.
Subject(s)
Employment/statistics & numerical data , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Mothers/education , Rural Health/statistics & numerical data , Analysis of Variance , Animals , Ascariasis/epidemiology , Body Height , Body Weight , Child , Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Employment/economics , Female , Giardiasis/epidemiology , Helminthiasis/epidemiology , Humans , Hygiene/education , Hymenolepiasis/epidemiology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Parasite Egg Count , Prevalence , SchoolsABSTRACT
El estudio de CPAS en la ciudad de El Alto, a dado como resultado situaciones que merecieron ser detalladas por distrito, el comportamiento cognoscitivo de la población así como las actitudes, las prácticas sociales y lo hábitos comunicacionales, pueden variar de alguna manera
Subject(s)
Male , Female , HumansABSTRACT
La aplicación del modelo de abordaje de NBI (necesidades basicas insatisfechas) es una herramienta util para comprender la pobreza con mayor generalidad, permitiendo efectuar comparaciones regionales o locales sin recurrir explicitamente al poder adquisitivo de las familias. Los enfermeros son profesionales claves en la deteccion de NBI en la poblacion y en la generacion de procesos de cambio orientados a la reduccion de los indicadores sociales vinculados a la pobreza. En los barrios estudiados, Irupe presento el total de sus familias como pobres o indigentes, tanto por el factor monetario como por tener mas de una NBI en cada una de las dimensiones analizadas. En el barrio 9 de julio fueron considerados pobres segun el modelo NBI
Subject(s)
Health Services Needs and Demand , Nursing , Poverty , Social PlanningABSTRACT
La aplicación del modelo de abordaje de NBI (necesidades basicas insatisfechas) es una herramienta util para comprender la pobreza con mayor generalidad, permitiendo efectuar comparaciones regionales o locales sin recurrir explicitamente al poder adquisitivo de las familias. Los enfermeros son profesionales claves en la deteccion de NBI en la poblacion y en la generacion de procesos de cambio orientados a la reduccion de los indicadores sociales vinculados a la pobreza. En los barrios estudiados, Irupe presento el total de sus familias como pobres o indigentes, tanto por el factor monetario como por tener mas de una NBI en cada una de las dimensiones analizadas. En el barrio 9 de julio fueron considerados pobres segun el modelo NBI[AU]
Subject(s)
Comparative Study , Poverty , Poverty , Health Services Needs and Demand , Social Planning , NursingABSTRACT
La hipertensión arterial constituye una patología altamente prevalente en las comunidades occidentales. En nuestro medio existen encuestas previas sobre este aspecto que sitúan las cifras en 25 por ciento aproximadamente, y no constan aspectos como el porcentaje de pacientes en tratamiento o los que abandonaron y las causas del abandono. La Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE) decidió implementar un programa de detección y control de pacientes hipertensos, que actualmente se encuentra en fase de ejecución en conjunto con la Municipalidad de la Ciudad de Corrientes. La presente publicación tiene por objeto obtener los hallazgos sobre hipertensión arterial en la zona de la Ciudad de Corrientes correspondiente al Caps número 9
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hypertension , Argentina , Data Collection , Prevalence , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
La hipertensión arterial constituye una patología altamente prevalente en las comunidades occidentales. En nuestro medio existen encuestas previas sobre este aspecto que sitúan las cifras en 25 por ciento aproximadamente, y no constan aspectos como el porcentaje de pacientes en tratamiento o los que abandonaron y las causas del abandono. La Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE) decidió implementar un programa de detección y control de pacientes hipertensos, que actualmente se encuentra en fase de ejecución en conjunto con la Municipalidad de la Ciudad de Corrientes. La presente publicación tiene por objeto obtener los hallazgos sobre hipertensión arterial en la zona de la Ciudad de Corrientes correspondiente al Caps número 9
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hypertension , Prevalence , Data Collection , Risk Factors , ArgentinaABSTRACT
la aplicación artesanal del secado solar (exponer los alimentos directamente a los rayos soleres, hasta que se obtenga un grado de humedad aceptable que permita su almacenado) es la manera más antigua de preservarlos, y supone que los alimentos permanecezcan al aire libre a expensas de los factores climáticos (viento, lluvia, polvo), así como la posibilidad de que animales e insectos se posen en ellos o lo consuman como alimentos.
Subject(s)
Food, Preserved , Food Storage , Food HandlingABSTRACT
Tesis de graduación que propone una metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje dirigida a docentes de enfermería y suministra instrumentos de autoevaluación. Cada capítulo presenta objetivos, desarrollo y forma de realizar la autoevaluación. Presenta un glosario de términos sobre enseñanza-aprendizaje y las áreas de la conducta, extractado de Vicente Zapata donde se da esquema de los niveles del dominio cognoscitivo, afectivo y psicomotor. Además verbos que se utilizan para expresar objetivos de tipo cognoscitivo
Subject(s)
Teaching/methods , Education, Nursing , Learning , Educational Measurement/methods , Nursing Assistants/education , Faculty, NursingABSTRACT
Tesis de graduación que propone una metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje dirigida a docentes de enfermería y suministra instrumentos de autoevaluación. Cada capítulo presenta objetivos, desarrollo y forma de realizar la autoevaluación. Presenta un glosario de términos sobre enseñanza-aprendizaje y las áreas de la conducta, extractado de Vicente Zapata donde se da esquema de los niveles del dominio cognoscitivo, afectivo y psicomotor. Además verbos que se utilizan para expresar objetivos de tipo cognoscitivo
Subject(s)
Education, Nursing , Teaching/methods , Learning , Nursing Assistants/education , Educational Measurement/methods , Faculty, NursingABSTRACT
Tesis de graduación que propone una metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje dirigida a docentes de enfermería y suministra instrumentos de autoevaluación. Cada capítulo presenta objetivos, desarrollo y forma de realizar la autoevaluación. Presenta un glosario de términos sobre enseñanza-aprendizaje y las áreas de la conducta, extractado de Vicente Zapata donde se da esquema de los niveles del dominio cognoscitivo, afectivo y psicomotor. Además verbos que se utilizan para expresar objetivos de tipo cognoscitivo
