Psychological, interpersonal, and clinical factors predicting time spent on physical activity among Mexican patients with hypertension.

BACKGROUND: It is widely known that physical activity is the key to the optimal management and clinical control of hypertension. PURPOSE: This research was conducted to identify factors that can predict the time spent on physical activity among Mexican adults with hypertension. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 182 Mexican patients with hypertension, who completed a set of self-administered questionnaires related to personality, social support, and medical adherence and health care behaviors, body mass index, and time since the disease diagnosis. Several path analyses were performed in order to test the predictors of the study behavior. RESULTS: Lower tolerance to frustration, more tolerance to ambiguity, more effective social support, and less time since the disease diagnosis predicted more time spent on physical activity, accounting for 13.3% of the total variance. The final model shows a good fit to the sample data (pBS =0.235, χ2/gl =1.519, Jöreskog and Sörbom's Goodness of Fit Index =0.987, adjusted modality =0.962, Bollen's Incremental Fit Index =0.981, Bentler-Bonett Normed Fit Index =0.946, standardized root mean square residual =0.053). CONCLUSION: The performance of physical activity in patients with hypertension depends on a complex set of interactions between personal, interpersonal, and clinical variables. Understanding how these factors interact might enhance the design of interdisciplinary intervention programs so that quality of life of patients with hypertension improves and they might be able to manage and control their disease well.

["Consumption of restricted foods" in Mexican hypertensive patients]. / "Consumo de alimentos restringidos" en pacientes mejicanos hipertensos.

BACKGROUND: Strict adherence to personal health recommendations is necessary to improve the clinical control of arterial hypertension. OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of the behavior to avoid the "consumption of restricted foods" in a sample of hypertensive patients from Tamaulipas, Mexico. METHOD: Participants were 183 patients with arterial hypertension diagnosis, who completed two self-administered questionnaires and different questions regarding adherence and self-care behaviors. A trajectory analysis was used for the interpretation of data. RESULTS: Less tolerance to frustration, a major affective social support and a lower body mass index were behavior predictors to avoid the consumption of restricted foods (pBS= 0.294, χ2/gl= 1.417, GFI = 0.993, AGFI = 0.965, NFI = 0.934, IFI = 0.980 y SRMR = 0.040), explaining approximately 20% of the variance in the study behavior. CONCLUSION: The study of adherence and self-care behaviors demands to identify what and how some personal and interpersonal variables are influencing in their daily practice, which can contribute to improve the interdisciplinary interventions programs in clinical and communitarian settings for attending patients living with arterial hypertension.

«Consumo de alimentos restringidos» en pacientes mejicanos hipertensos / «Consumption of restricted foods» in Mexican hypertensive patients

Introducción: la adhesión estricta a las recomendaciones del personal de salud es requisito indispensable para coadyuvar en el control clínico de la hipertensión arterial. Objetivo: identificar los predictores de la conducta «consumo de alimentos restringidos» en una muestra de pacientes hipertensos de Tamaulipas, México. Método: participaron 183 pacientes diagnosticados con hipertensión arterial, quienes respondieron a un par de instrumentos y a diferentes preguntas sobre conductas de adhesión y cuidado de la salud. Para la interpretación de los datos se utilizó un análisis de trayectoria. Resultados: una menor tolerancia a la frustración, un mayor apoyo social afectivo y un menor índice de masa corporal predijeron la conducta de evitar el «consumo de alimentos restringidos» (pBS = 0,294, χ2/gl = 1,417, GFI = 0,993, AGFI = 0,965, NFI = 0,934, IFI = 0,980 y SRMR = 0,040), explicando aproximadamente un 20% de la varianza en la conducta de estudio. Conclusión: el estudio de las conductas de adhesión y cuidado de la salud pasa necesariamente por identificar qué y cómo ciertas variables personales e interpersonales están influyendo en su práctica diaria, lo cual puede contribuir a mejorar los programas de intervención interdisciplinaria en los ámbitos clínico y comunitario para la atención de pacientes que viven con hipertensión arterial (AU)

Background: Strict adherence to personal health recommendations is necessary to improve the clinical control of arterial hypertension. Objective: To identify predictors of the behavior to avoid the «consumption of restricted foods» in a sample of hypertensive patients from Tamaulipas, Mexico. Method: Participants were 183 patients with arterial hypertension diagnosis, who completed two self-administered questionnaires and different questions regarding adherence and self-care behaviors. A trajectory analysis was used for the interpretation of data. Results: Less tolerance to frustration, a major affective social support and a lower body mass index were behavior predictors to avoid the consumption of restricted foods (pBS = 0.294, χ2/gl = 1.417, GFI = 0.993, AGFI = 0.965, NFI = 0.934, IFI = 0.980 y SRMR = 0.040), explaining approximately 20% of the variance in the study behavior. Conclusion: The study of adherence and self-care behaviors demands to identify what and how some personal and interpersonal variables are influencing in their daily practice, which can contribute to improve the interdisciplinary interventions programs in clinical and communitarian settings for attending patients living with arterial hypertension (AU)