ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Analyze the association between parental stress and dental caries experience in adolescents in southern Brazil using data from the Pelotas 2004 Birth Cohort. METHODS: Interviews and oral health examinations for the determination of the main exposure and outcome of the study were performed in the homes of the adolescents. The outcome was dental caries experience in the permanent dentition analyzed using the Decayed, Missing and Filling Surfaces (DMFS) index. The main exposure was parental stress measured using the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form administered to the parents of the adolescents. Demographic/socioeconomic characteristics, oral health characteristics and oral health-related quality of life were considered potential confounding factors. Negative binomial regressions estimated mean ratios (MR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Nine hundred ninety-six adolescents were evaluated at 12 and 13 years of age. The prevalence of dental caries experience in the adolescents was 36.9% (95% CI: 33.8-40.0) and 15.1% (95% CI: 12.8-17.3) of the parents had parental stress. After adjusting for confounding factors, parental stress was associated with a higher mean number of decayed, missing and filling surfaces in the adolescents (MR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01-1.26; p = 0.045). CONCLUSION: Adolescents of parents with parental stress have more dental caries experience compared to those whose parents do not have parental stress.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Humans , Adolescent , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Brazil/epidemiology , Quality of Life , DMF Index , ParentsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 156 postmenopausal and osteoporotic Brazilian women aged over 45 years. BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Body mass index and lifestyle information were also obtained. Dietary intake was assessed by using a 3-day food diary. Dietary patterns were obtained by principal component factor analysis. Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD. Significance was set at P<0.05. RESULTS: Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'. The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (ß=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (ß=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time. CONCLUSIONS: A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization. Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
Subject(s)
Bone Density , Bone and Bones/metabolism , Caffeine/adverse effects , Diet , Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects , Feeding Behavior , Osteoporosis/etiology , Absorptiometry, Photon , Aged , Beverages , Body Composition , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Caffeine/administration & dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet Records , Dietary Sucrose/administration & dosage , Female , Femur Neck/metabolism , Humans , Life Style , Lumbar Vertebrae/metabolism , Middle Aged , Osteoporosis/metabolism , PostmenopauseABSTRACT
Passive Q switching of Er:glass (1.53 microm) with a new, robust, solid-state saturable absorber, Co(2+):Y(3)Sc(2)Ga(3)O(12), has been demonstrated. Q-switched pulses of 20 ns and 4 mJ of energy were obtained. An absorption cross section of 5 x 10(-20) cm(2) was measured. Preliminary results for a Co(2+):Y(3)Al(5)O(12) saturable absorber Q switch are also discussed.
ABSTRACT
Os autores apresentam um caso de diverticulo cecal isolado, perfurado para o retroperitonio, resultando em choque septico e morte do paciente. Revisao da literatura e descricao detalhada das dificuldades diagnosticas, decisoes terapeuticas e conduta operatoria sao apresentadas
