ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Tibetan medicine offers an ancient, timely model for the promotion of health and treatment of disease by teaching individuals to make healthy lifestyle choices. This holistic model consists of analyzing one's unique constitution and recommending supportive lifestyle modifications. An experienced Tibetan medicine practitioner is the gold standard for constitutional assessment. Because few Tibetans practice Tibetan medicine in the United States, research-based tools with content and criterion validity are needed for self-assessment. OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of and refine the Constitutional Self-Assessment Tool (CSAT) and Lifestyle Guidelines Tool (LGT). DESIGN: Mixed methods pilot study conducted in three phases. SETTING: Tibetan Medical Institute (TMI) of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Dharamsala, India and the University of Minnesota, a U.S. research University. PARTICIPANTS: Six TMI senior faculty; 88 students at the university. METHODS: Phase 1: TMI faculty evaluated the tools' content validity. Phase 2: 59 students completed the CSAT, had a Tibetan medicine consultation, completed the LGT, and answered qualitative questions. Phase 3: 29 students studying Tibetan medicine followed a modified phase 2 method. Quantitative and phenomenological analyses were performed to investigate the CSAT's criterion validity (agreement of CSAT results and consultations) and refine the tools. RESULTS: The tools were shown to have high content validity. Phase 2 CSAT had 51% agreement and 0.24 kappa statistic, suggesting fair criterion validity. Phase 3-refined CSAT had 76% agreement and 0.50 kappa statistic, suggesting moderate criterion validity. CONCLUSION: The refined CSAT and LGT in Appendix A and B demonstrate the potential for additional research and use in integrated care.
Subject(s)
Guidelines as Topic , Health Behavior , Holistic Health , Life Style , Medicine, Tibetan Traditional/methods , Self-Assessment , Adult , Aged , Body Constitution , Faculty , Female , Humans , India , Integrative Medicine/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Minnesota , Pilot Projects , Referral and Consultation , Students , Young AdultSubject(s)
Hinduism , Yoga , Altruism , Consciousness , Hinduism/psychology , Humans , Philosophy , Principle-Based Ethics , Yoga/psychologySubject(s)
Communication , Malpractice/legislation & jurisprudence , Professional-Patient Relations , Risk Management/organization & administration , Attitude to Health , Family/psychology , Humans , Informed Consent/legislation & jurisprudence , Informed Consent/psychology , Truth Disclosure , United StatesABSTRACT
This Korean study replicated a previously published American study. The conceptual framework and method combined ethical enquiry and phenomenology. The research questions were: (1) What is nursing students' experience of ethical problems involving nursing practice? and, (2) What is nursing students' experience of using an ethical decision-making model? The participants were 97 senior baccalaureate nursing students, each of whom described one ethical problem and chose to use one of five ethical decision-making models. From 97 ethical problems, five content categories emerged, the largest being health professionals (69%). The basic nature of the ethical problems was the students' experience of conflict, resolution and rationale. Using an ethical decision-making model helped 94% of the students. A comparison of the Korean and American results yields important implications for nursing ethics education, practice and research.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Conflict, Psychological , Decision Making/ethics , Ethics, Nursing , Students, Nursing/psychology , Adult , Attitude of Health Personnel/ethnology , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Decision Support Techniques , Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate , Ethics, Nursing/education , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Korea , Needs Assessment , Nursing Methodology Research , Philosophy, Nursing , Principle-Based Ethics , Problem Solving , Surveys and Questionnaires , United StatesSubject(s)
Buddhism , Faith Healing , Medicine, Tibetan Traditional/methods , Principle-Based Ethics , Spirituality , Attitude , Faith Healing/ethics , Humans , Negativism , TibetSubject(s)
Ethics, Nursing , Principle-Based Ethics , Social Values , Spirituality , Conflict, Psychological , Cultural Diversity , Empathy , Humans , Life Style , Nurse-Patient RelationsSubject(s)
Ethics, Nursing , Social Responsibility , Cultural Diversity , Empathy , Ethics, Nursing/education , HumansABSTRACT
Although older persons (aged 65 years and older) experience stressful ethical problems involving their health, research is lacking about this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to describe and examine the content and basic nature of older persons' ethical problems concerning their health. The conceptual framework and method combined ethical enquiry and phenomenology. The participants were 18 older persons and 12 of their children or grandchildren (for contextual understanding). The 19 women and 11 men, 73% of whom were Caucasian, described 184 ethical problems, from which emerged 10 content categories. The basic nature of the ethical problems consisted of conflict, resolution and rationale. The results could assist health professionals to promote older persons' ethical decision making, quality of life, and good death.
