ABSTRACT
The recent evolution of cattle is marked by fluctuations in body size. Height in the Bos taurus lineage was reduced by a factor of ~1.5 from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages, and increased again only during the Early Modern Ages. Using haplotype analysis, we found evidence that the bovine PLAG1 mutation (Q) with major effects on body size, weight and reproduction is a >1,000 years old derived allele that increased rapidly in frequency in Northwestern European B. taurus between the 16th and 18th centuries. Towards the 19th and 20th centuries, Q was introgressed into non-European B. taurus and Bos indicus breeds. These data implicate a major role of Q in recent changes in body size in modern cattle, and represent one of the first examples of a genomic sweep in livestock that was driven by selection on a complex trait.
Subject(s)
Bone and Bones , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Genetic Pleiotropy , Genetics, Population , Haplotypes , Mutation , Posture , Animals , Cattle , Linkage DisequilibriumABSTRACT
Os fenótipos do sistema hemoglobina-haptoglobina (Hb-Hp) foram determinados em 124 indivíduos, dos quais cem eram pacientes portadores de algia crônica por desordens temporomandibulares (DTMs) e 24 normais, sem nenhuma dor corporal, durante os anos de 2000-2003. O sistema Hb-Hp apresentou polimorfismo Hp1-1, Hp2-1 e Hp2-2, respectivamente, em 100 e 85 por cento, e anahaptoglobinemia (Hp 0), em 15 por cento da amostra estudada. O genótipo Hp1-1 esteve presente significativamente (p<0,0001) em pacientes com DTMs, independentemente do tipo clínico da DTM diagnosticada, podendo sugerir a Hp1-1 como provável marcador genético de suscetibilidade para o desenvolvimento de algias crônicas por DTMs
