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1.
Rev Med Suisse ; 18(804): 2134-2142, 2022 Nov 16.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36382973

ABSTRACT

Despite technical improvements concerning lung irradiation modalities, radiation-induced pneumonitis remains a usual complication, notably in the field of lung cancer treatment. This complication may remain asymptomatic but can also lead to respiratory distress. Thus, a low degree of suspicion and a comprehensive work-up is mandatory to evaluate the indication for specific treatment. In this article, we discuss the hypothesized pathophysiologic pathways, risk factors, clinical/radiological presentation and management.


Malgré les améliorations des techniques d'irradiation à l'étage thoracique, la pneumopathie radique (PpR) reste une complication fréquente, en particulier dans le cadre du traitement du cancer pulmonaire. Cette complication, qu'elle soit précoce ou tardive, peut demeurer silencieuse ou causer une détresse respiratoire potentiellement fatale. C'est pourquoi un faible degré de suspicion est nécessaire, de manière à débuter précocement un bilan d'investigation et décider de l'indication à un traitement spécifique. Dans cet article, nous discutons des hypothèses pathophysiologiques qui sous-tendent la PpR, des facteurs de risque de survenue, de la présentation clinique et radiologique, ainsi que de sa prise en charge.


Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms , Pneumonia , Radiation Pneumonitis , Humans , Radiation Pneumonitis/diagnosis , Radiation Pneumonitis/epidemiology , Radiation Pneumonitis/etiology , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Lung , Risk Factors , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Pneumonia/epidemiology , Pneumonia/etiology
2.
Rev Med Suisse ; 17(759): 1967-1974, 2021 Nov 17.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34787970

ABSTRACT

Widespread use of CT-scans leads to increased discovery of mediastinal and hilar lymph node enlargement, a frequent motive for consulting a pulmonologist. The persistence or progression of such lymphadenopathies outside of an oncological context is most often associated with an infectious process or inflammatory disorders. The history will also point to possible occupational or environmental exposure. The radiological characteristics specific to lymphadenopathies and any associated parenchymal lung damage will most often orient the diagnosis. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided techniques allow targeted and real-time sampling of the mediastinum and hilar lymph nodes, representing the first-line investigation before more invasive surgical procedures.


La découverte d'adénomégalies médiastinohilaires (AMH) est un motif fréquent de consultation en pneumologie. Utilisés à grande échelle, les CT-scans thoraciques en sont les principaux révélateurs. La persistance ou la progression d'AMH en dehors d'un contexte oncologique est le plus souvent d'origine infectieuse ou associée à un processus inflammatoire. L'anamnèse nous orientera vers une possible exposition à des facteurs environnementaux y compris en milieu professionnel. La plupart du temps, les caractéristiques radiologiques propres aux AMH ainsi qu'une éventuelle atteinte parenchymateuse pulmonaire associée pourront orienter le diagnostic. L'échoendoscopie bronchique permettant un échantillonnage ganglionnaire médiastinohilaire ciblé est l'examen de première intention avant des abords diagnostiques plus invasifs.


Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms , Mediastinum , Humans , Lung , Lymph Nodes/diagnostic imaging , Lymphatic Metastasis , Mediastinum/diagnostic imaging
3.
Eur J Case Rep Intern Med ; 6(12): 001369, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31893210

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: "Esophageal spasm" is a generic term widely used to attribute unexplained non-cardiac chest pain and/or dysphagia to an esophageal motility disorder. PATIENT AND METHODS: The authors present the case of an 86-year-old male patient with complete dysphagia after an elective electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation. An upper endoscopy performed shortly after the onset of the clinical picture documented disordered esophageal contractions. The patient became asymptomatic within 12 hours of the administration of a spasmolytic therapy. RESULTS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of esophageal spasm after an electrical cardioversion. DISCUSSION: The temporal correlation supports the explanation of a cause-effect relationship between the clinical presentation and the preceding procedure, thus providing elements for clinicians to recognize and treat this particular condition. LEARNING POINTS: This case report suggests that electrical cardioversion may induce clinically relevant esophageal spasms.When dealing with dysphagia after an electrical cardioversion, an empirical spasmolytic treatment can be considered, if not contraindicated.

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