ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the addition of dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and chlorhexidine diacetate on cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity, physical, and mechanical properties of a self-cured resin. METHODS: 132 disk-shaped and 48 rectangular specimens were divided into four experimental groups as described: Control Group (CG - no addition), dCHX (1%), DMAHDM (5%), and DMAHDM+dCHX (5%+1%). The biofilm viability, flexural strength (FS - ISO 20795-1:2013), surface roughness (SR), and color stability (ΔE) were analyzed after being stored for 4 weeks in distilled water and immersed for 72h in coffee. Cytotoxicity was measured after 24h, 3, and 7 days of elution using an MTT test on L929 cells (ISO 10993-5:2009). SR and ΔE were measured by a contact profilometer and a spectrophotometer using the CIELab parameter. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Bonferroni's/Tukey's tests (p≤0.05). RESULTS: Significant antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans was detected in all groups when compared to the CG (p<0.05). Only the dCHX group, in 24h of elution, demonstrated no cytotoxicity effects. There was a statistical difference for FS on the tested groups (p<0.05). No differences were detected in the initial roughness' measurements among the groups (p>0.05). However, after storage and immersion in coffee, the groups containing DMAHDM presented with rougher surfaces and significantly lower color stability compared to the control (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE: The addition of dCHX and DMAHDM in self-cured resin presented antimicrobial properties; however, cytotoxicity, physical, and mechanical properties were compromised.
Subject(s)
Ammonium Compounds , Anti-Infective Agents , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Chlorhexidine , Materials Testing , Methacrylates , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades antimicrobianas, mecânicas, físicas e a citotoxicidade de um polímero incorporado com metacrilato de dimetilaminohexadecil (DMAHDM) e diacetato de clorexidina (dCHX), isolados e associados. Assim, foram confeccionados 132 espécimes em forma de disco (108 com 8 mm de diâmetro x 2 mm de espessura e 24 com 5 mm de diâmetro x 2 mm de espessura) e 48 espécimes retangulares (65 x 10 x 3,4 mm - ISO 20795-1: 2013), divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com a incorporação de DMAHDM e de clorexidina: 0% (controle), 1% dCHX, 5% DMAHDM e 1% dCHX + 5% DMAHDM associados. A viabilidade do biofilme, a resistência à flexão (RF), a rugosidade superficial (RS) e a estabilidade da cor (ΔE) foram analisadas após 48 horas de armazenamento em água destilada a 37ºC (inicial). A citotoxicidade foi medida em fibroblastos de rato (L929) após 24 horas, 3 e 7 dias de eluição através do teste de MTT (ISO 10993-5: 2009). A RF foi mensurada através do teste de flexão de três pontos em uma máquina de ensaios universais. RS e ΔE foram testados, respectivamente, por um rugosímetro e um espectrofotômetro portátil, após 4 semanas de armazenamento em água destilada a 37ºC e após 72 horas de imersão em café. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e aos testes de Bonferroni e Tukey (p≤0,05). Todos os grupos testados apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana significativa contra Streptoccocus mutans e Candida albicans se comparados ao grupo controle (p <0,05). Apenas o grupo dCHX, em 24 h de eluição, não demonstrou efeitos citotóxicos (< 30% de redução da viabilidade celular). Houve redução da RF em todos os grupos testados (p <0,05), se comparados ao grupo controle. Não foram detectadas diferenças nas medidas de rugosidade inicial entre os grupos testados (p>0,05). No entanto, após o armazenamento e a imersão em café, os grupos com DMAHDM apresentaram superfícies mais rugosas e significativa alteração de cor em comparação ao controle (p<0,05). Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que polímeros incorporados com dCHX e DMAHDM apresentam propriedades antimicrobianas, porém comprometimento da resistência flexural, rugosidade de superfície e estabilidade de cor, além de maior efeito citotóxico
The aim of this study was investigate antimicrobial, mechanical and physical properties, and cytotoxicity of a polymer incorporated with dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and chlorhexidine (dCHX), isolated and associated. Thus, 132 disk-shaped specimens (108 in 8-mm x 2-mm and 24 in 5-mm x 2-mm) and 48 rectangular specimens (65 x 10 x 3.4 mm ISO 20795-1:2013) were divided into four groups according to the DMAHDM and dCHX incorporations: 0% (control), 1% dCHX, 5% DMAHDM and 1% dCHX +5% DMAHDM associated. Biofilm viability, flexural strength (FS), surface roughness (SR) and color stability (ΔE) were analyzed after 48 h of storage in distilled water at 37°C (initial). Cytotoxicity was measured after 24h, 3 and 7 days of elution by MTT test on L929 cells (ISO 10993-5:2009). FS was measured by the three-point bending test in a universal testing machine. SR and ΔE were tested by a contact profilometer and a portable spectrophotometer, respectively, after 4 weeks of storage in distilled water at 37ºC and after 72h of immersion in coffee. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Bonferroni/Tukey tests (p≤0,05). All the tested groups showed significant antimicrobial activity against Streptoccocus mutans and Candida albicans, when compared to control group (p<0,05). Only the dCHX group, at 24 h of elution, did not demonstrate cytotoxic effects (lower than 30% of reduction in cells viability). There was a reduction for FS on tested groups (p<0,05) compared to control group. No differences were detected in initial roughness measurements among tested groups (p>0,05). However, after storage and immersion in coffee, the DMAHDM's groups showed rougher surfaces and significant color changes compared to control (p<0,05). The results of this study suggests that polymers with dCHX and DMAHDM incorporated presents antimicrobial properties, but their mechanical and physical properties and the cytotoxicity are compromised
