Ozone in Patients with Periodontitis: A Clinical and Microbiological Study.

The purpose of this article was to assess the effectiveness of ozone therapy as an adjunct to mechanical therapy in periodontitis patients. Thirty-two patients diagnosed with generalized periodontitis were selected, with a total of 655 teeth examined. Each patient's mouth was divided into four quadrants (the split-mouth model) to be randomly treated with four sessions of gaseous ozone or air. The following clinical variables were recorded: the gingival index, the periodontal clinical attachment loss, the Miller's mobility index and the clinical improvements, as assessed through the visual analog scale (VAS). In addition, the microorganisms were qualitatively compared. After four weeks of treatment, the teeth of the ozone-treated quadrants showed statistically significant reductions in the gingival index and an improvement in the clinical attachment (p < 0.0001). The same treatment also significantly improved mobility by between 70% and 86% compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). Statistically significant differences were also recorded for the VAS (p < 0.0001). In the qualitative study of the subgingival flora, significant differences were observed (p < 0.0001). The overall results of this trial support the view that ozone treatment is effective and well tolerated in cases of generalized chronic periodontitis.

Incidencia de las disfunciones rotatorias de la tibia en las condropatias rotulianas / Incidence of rotary disfunctions of the tibia in patellar chondropathy

Objetivos: Observar la relación entre degeneración del cartílago fémoro-rotuliano y la disfunción rotatoria tibial, en pacientes afectos de condropatía rotuliana unilateral. Material y Métodos: De una muestra de 133 sujetos se seleccionaron 50 sujetos, a los que se les aplicaron evaluaciones manuales y radiológicas (medición goniométrica en rotación tibial y radiología) para observación del posicionamiento rotuliano, mediante la medición del ángulo de congruencia y el desplazamiento transversal de la rotula. Resultados: Se observan diferencias significativas entre la rodilla afectada y la rodilla sana, tanto al comparar la rotación interna tibial, como la rotación externa tibial (p< 0,0001). En relación a la posición de la rótula, cuando se encuentra afectada la rotación interna, observamos una angulación de la rótula en sentido lateral (con respecto a la rodilla sana). Cuando está afectada la rotación externa o ambas rotaciones conjuntas, la rótula se angula hacia medial (con respecto a la rodilla sana) (p<0,02). En relación al desplazamiento lateral, no observamos resultados significativos. Conclusiones: Los procesos degenerativos del cartílago articular fémoro-rotuliano se asocian con una disfunción rotatoria tibial. Existe un sentido de angulación concreto asociado a cada tipo de afectación de rotación determinada, y tendencia a que la rótula se angule y se desplace de una manera distinta en la rodilla afecta, comparada con la rodilla sana (AU)

Objectives: To observe the relationship between degeneration of the femur-patellar cartilage and the rotating tibial dysfunction, in patients suffering from unilateral patellar chondropathy. Material and methods: From a sample of 133 subjects, 50 subjects were selected, to whom manual and radiological tests were applied (goniometric measurement in tibial and radiological rotation) for observation of patellar positioning by the measurement of the angle of congruence and lateral displacement of the patella. Results: Significant differences are observed between the affected knee and the healthy knee, both when comparing internal tibial rotation and external tibial rotation (p <0.0001). In connection with the patella position, when internal rotation is affected, we observe a lateral angulation of the patella (with regard to the healthy knee). When external rotation or both joint rotations are affected, the patella is angled inward (with respect to the healthy knee) (p <0.02). With regard to lateral displacement, we observed no significant results. Conclusions: The degenerative processes of the femur-patellar joint cartilage are associated with rotational or tibial dysfunction. There is a sense of concrete angulation associated with each type of affectation of determined rotation, and a tendency for the patella to angulate and move differently to the affected knee when compared to the healthy knee (AU)

In vitro and in vivo effect of IFNalpha on B16F10 melanoma in two models: subcutaneous (C57BL6J mice) and lung metastasis (Swiss mice).

Interferon alpha tends to be the only agent used to treat melanoma. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of interferon alpha on the growth of the B16F10 melanoma, both in vitro and in vivo. We study the in vitro effect of interferon alpha (250,000, 500,000 and 1,000,000 IU/ml) on the B16F10 melanoma cell line (at 24, 48 and 72 h) and the in vivo effect in a subcutaneous (1x10(6) cells; 300,000 IU) and a pulmonary metastatic model (5x10(5) cells/lateral vein of the tail; 300,000, 600,000 and 1,200,000 IU). Necropsy included a morphological and immunohistochemical study (subcutaneous model), while the number of superficial lung metastases, implantation percentage and growth and invasion indices were calculated in the latter model. In vitro, interferon alpha decreased cell survival in a time- and dose-dependent manner; 250,000 IU/ml: 77% (24h), 80% (48 h) and 92% (72 h); 500,000 IU/ml: 62% (24h), 32% (48 h), 20% (72 h); 1,000,000 IU/ml: 41% (24h), 16% (48 h), 10% (72 h). In the subcutaneous model, it reduced tumor weights (77.74%) and cell proliferation (70.8%), and increased necrotic areas (8%) and inflammatory infiltrates (34.46%). Metastatic model: 300,000 IU reduced pleural nodules by 38.79%, implantation by 59.42%, growth by 43.48%, invasion by 25.06%; the corresponding figures for 600,000 and 1,200,000 IU were 38.79, 59.42, 43.48, 25.06%, and 65.55, 84.98, 56.52, 66.19%, respectively. Interferon alpha inhibited cell proliferation in all the models and had immunomodulatory (subcutaneous model) and antimetastatic (pulmonary metastatic model) effects in vivo.

Efectos del IFNα y del Lymphomyosot sobre el crecimiento del melanoma B16F10 «in vitro» e «in vivo». Tratamiento con IFNα y Lymphomyosot / Effects of IFNα and Lymphomyosot on «vitro» and «in vivo» B16F10 melanoma growth. Treatment with IFNα and Lymphomyosot

Introducción: En el tratamiento del melanoma se estánensayando distintas citoquinas, entre las que destaca elIFNα, no existiendo estudios experimentales con productoshomeopáticos. Material y métodos: «In vitro» la líneaB16F10 fue tratada durante 24, 48 y 72 horas con IFNα/10a 1.000.000 UI/ml y con Lymphomyosot 1/1 y 1/3 (v/v),cuantificando la viabilidad celular con el test del MTT. «Invivo» realizamos dos experimentos con 80 ratones machosa los que inyectamos 1X105 células B16F10 y tratamos con:I (PBS), II (IFNα), III (Lymphomyosot) y IV (IFNα másLymphomyosot), realizando el estudio morfológico. Resultados:«In vitro» el IFNα a altas concentraciones inhibió elcrecimiento celular y el Lymphomyosot no mostró efectoscitotóxicos. «In vivo» el IFNα redujo el índice de proliferacióncelular y la extensión de los infiltrados inflamatorios,mientras que el Lymphomyosot originó disminución significativade los pesos y necrosis tumorales. Conclusión: ElIFNα ha mostrado citotoxicidad en ambos modelos y elLymphomyosot ausencia de toxicidad y efecto antitumoralindirecto probablemente al aumentar la respuesta del huésped

Introduction: Several cytokines are being tested in thetreatment of melanoma. Among them IFNα should be highlighted,whilst no other experimental studies using homeopathicproducts are underway. Material & Methods: «Invitro»: the cell line B16F10 was treated at 24, 48 and 72hours with IFNα/10 at 1,000,000 IU/ml and withLymphomyosot 1/1 and 1/3 (v/v). Cell viability was quantifiedusing MTT test. «In vivo»: two experiments werecarried out on 80 male mice which were injected with 1x105B16F10 cells and treated with: I (PBS), II (IFNα), III(Lymphomyosot) and IV (IFNα plus Lymphomyosot). Amorphological study was also performed. Results: «Invitro»: at high concentrations of IFNα, cell growth wasinhibited and Lymphomyosot showed no cytotoxic effects.«In vivo»: IFNα reduced the cell-proliferation rate as wellas the extent of spread of inflammatory infiltrates, whilstLymphomyosot caused a significant tumor weight drop andnecrosis. Conclusion: IFNα displayed cytotoxicity in bothmodels whilst Lymphomyosot had an absence of toxicityand an indirect anti-tumor effect, probably due to an increasein the host's response

In vivo treatment of melanoma (B16F10) with a homeopathic agent and with a cytokine (IFN-alpha).

Among the numerous agents tested on melanoma, cytokines have attracted much attention over recent decades, in particular interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). However, in a small number of experimental assays, homeopathic products have also been used. This study aimed to analyze the effects of INF-alpha and Lymphomyosot, administered individually or in combination, on the growth of B16F10 melanoma transplanted in C57BL/6J mice. Two experiments were performed using 72 young male mice, treated with 1 x 10(6) B16F10 cells and treated with phosphate-buffered saline (I), INF-alpha (II), Lymphomyosot (III), and both INF-alpha and Lymphomyosot (IV). Subsequent morphological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. All treatments produced a reduction in tumor weight with significant differences in those treated with INF-alpha and Lymphomyosot. INF-alpha reduced the cell proliferation index and the spread of inflammatory infiltrates and produced an increase in the extent of intratumoral necrosis. An antitumour effect was displayed by both agents, as was the cytotoxicity of INF-alpha and the immune response-stimulating effect of Lymphomyosot.