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1.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 31(2): 131-135, abr. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-174508

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer los datos relativos al diagnóstico microbiológico de la tuberculosis en la provincia de Soria, así como analizar la rentabilidad diagnóstica de las técnicas utilizadas y la utilización del laboratorio de microbiología en lo que concierne a la tuberculosis. Métodos. Se diseñó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, incluyendo todos los pacientes con tuberculosis de cualquier localización que tuviesen su residencia en la provincia de Soria. El periodo de estudio abarcó los casos diagnosticados entre 1994 y 2013 realizando seguimiento durante 24 meses tras el inicio del tratamiento. Resultados. Se detectaron 337 pacientes durante el periodo estudiado. En más del 3% de los pacientes no se envió ninguna muestra al laboratorio de microbiología, porcentaje que ascendió al 23% en tuberculosis osteoarticulares y 33% en tuberculosis linfáticas. Se obtuvo confirmación microbiológica en el 80% y la baciloscopia fue positiva en el 32%. Las muestras se sembraron en medios sólidos y líquidos; el 10% de las cepas sólo se aislaron en un tipo de medio. El porcentaje de cepas resistentes a isoniazida fue de 2,9%, se detectó una cepa multirresistente (0,3%) y una cepa con resistencia únicamente a rifampicina (0,3%). De todos los pacientes bacilíferos con seguimiento, no se envió ninguna muestra para estudiar la negativización en el 36%. Conclusión. Destaca la necesidad de mantener el cultivo combinado en medios líquidos y sólidos. Es necesario potenciar el uso del laboratorio de microbiología, enviando todas las posibles muestras diagnósticas y realizando controles bacteriológicos de seguimiento para objetivar la curación


Introduction. The aim of the study was to describe the bacteriological diagnosis of the tuberculosis in the province of Soria (Spain), as well as to analyse the techniques diagnostic performance and the use of the microbiology laboratory regarding tuberculosis. Methods. An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was designed, including all patients with tuberculosis of any location that had their residence in the province of Soria. The period of study included patients diagnosed between 1994 and 2013 and a 24 months follow-up after the beginning of treatment was realized. Results. A total of 337 patients were detected during the studied period. No sample was sent to the microbiology laboratory in more than 3% of the patients (23% in skeletal tuberculosis and 33% in lymphatic tuberculosis). Bacteriological confirmation was obtained in 80% and 32% were smear-positive. Specimens were culture on solid and in liquid media; 10% of the strains were only isolated in one type of media. There were 2.9% isoniazid-resistant strains, 0.3% multi-drug resistant strains, and 0.3% rifampicin-resistant strains. A total of 36% of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients had no specimens sent for a follow-up study. Conclusion. It is essential to combine the use of a liquid and a solid medium. Physicians should be encouraged to submit specimens for mycobacteriological diagnostic and follow-up


Subject(s)
Humans , Observational Study , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Tuberculosis/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Culture Media , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Follow-Up Studies , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Retrospective Studies , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Spain/epidemiology
6.
Rev. lab. clín ; 4(3): 160-162, jul.-sept. 2011.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-90890

ABSTRACT

Paciente en tratamiento con sulfadiacina mas pirimetamina por toxoplasmosis oftálmica que desarrolla un cuadro de insuficiencia renal por depósito de cristales. Se observan al microscopio las imágenes características en gavilla de trigo de los cristales de sulfadiacina (AU)


A patient on treatment with sulfadiazine plus pyrimethamine for ophthalmic toxoplasmosis developed renal failure. Using a microscope it is possible to see the characteristic wheat sheaf images of the sulfadiazine crystals (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/chemically induced , Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Sulfadiazine/therapeutic use , Pyrimethamine/therapeutic use , Renal Insufficiency/chemically induced , Renal Insufficiency/complications , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/complications , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency/therapy , Sulfadiazine/isolation & purification , Sulfadiazine/toxicity
7.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 28(10): 706-709, dic. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-95343

ABSTRACT

Introducción Durante el período 2001–2005 se llevó a cabo el tercer estudio de resistencia a los fármacos antituberculosos de primera línea en Castilla y León, España, en casos nuevos de tuberculosis (TB).Métodos Se estudiaron 918 cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis procedentes de pacientes virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana negativos correspondientes a 6 hospitales que atienden al 46,7% del total de la población de la comunidad, y se utilizó el método de las proporciones en medio sólido. Resultados La proporción de resistencias (resistencia primaria) fue del 4,2% y la resistencia simple (monorresistencia) fue del 2,6%. El 1,2% fueron resistentes a estreptomicina; el 3,2% a isoniacida (I); el 0,3% a rifampicina (R); el 0,1% a etambutol, y el 0,5% a pirazinamida, y se observó una cepa (0,1%) multirresistente (resistencia a I y a R). No hubo diferencias significativas con los estudios previos. Conclusiones La incidencia de resistencia primaria y de multirresistencia en la Comunidad de Castilla y León es baja, asimismo, la resistencia a I es aceptable. Consecuentemente, la pauta de tratamiento de la TB puede incluir solamente a los 3 fármacos (R, I y etambutol). Es conveniente, de acuerdo con los programas de control de la TB, realizar estudios de resistencia a los fármacos antituberculosos para optimizar las pautas de tratamiento (AU)


Introduction During 2001–2005, a regional anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey was conducted in Castilla y León, Spain, in newly treated HIV negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. Methods A total of 918 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were studied (one strain per patient) from six hospitals corresponding to 46.7% of the total population of Castilla y León, using the proportion method on solid medium. Results Primary drug resistance was 4.2% (streptomycin 1.2%, isoniazid 3.2%, rifampin 0.3%, ethambutol 0.1% and pyrazinamide 0.5%). Mono-resistance was observed in 24 (2.6%) and resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin (multi-drug resistance) was detected in one case (0.1%). These results were not statistically significant compared to previous studies in the same Community. Conclusion The incidence of primary drug resistance in the surveyed area was low, including isoniazid, allowing new anti-tuberculosis treatment with the standardised three-drug regimen to be started. Regular surveillance of drug resistance is recommended by the TB control programme in representative patient populations to optimize treatment regimens (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/epidemiology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/pathogenicity , Drug Administration Schedule , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
8.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin ; 28(10): 706-9, 2010 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20627375

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: During 2001-2005, a regional anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey was conducted in Castilla y León, Spain, in newly treated HIV negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. METHODS: A total of 918 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were studied (one strain per patient) from six hospitals corresponding to 46.7% of the total population of Castilla y León, using the proportion method on solid medium. RESULTS: Primary drug resistance was 4.2% (streptomycin 1.2%, isoniazid 3.2%, rifampin 0.3%, ethambutol 0.1% and pyrazinamide 0.5%). Mono-resistance was observed in 24 (2.6%) and resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin (multi-drug resistance) was detected in one case (0.1%). These results were not statistically significant compared to previous studies in the same Community. CONCLUSION: The incidence of primary drug resistance in the surveyed area was low, including isoniazid, allowing new anti-tuberculosis treatment with the standardised three-drug regimen to be started. Regular surveillance of drug resistance is recommended by the TB control programme in representative patient populations to optimize treatment regimens.


Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Microbial , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Antitubercular Agents/administration & dosage , Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Drug Therapy, Combination , HIV Seronegativity , Humans , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Spain/epidemiology , Tuberculosis/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/microbiology
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