ABSTRACT
En muchos países desarrollados a lo largo del mundo las intervenciones en acogimiento residencial para niños y adolescentes se encuentran en un momento de creciente debate. Ante esta situación, se organizó una cumbre internacional en Inglaterra (primavera de 2016) con expertos de 13 países para reflexionar sobre el acogimiento residencial terapéutico (ART). Se partió de la siguiente definición de ART: "el acogimiento residencial terapéutico implica el uso planificado de un ambiente de convivencia multidimensional, construido a propósito, diseñado para desarrollar o proveer tratamiento, educación, socialización, apoyo y protección a niños y jóvenes con necesidades reconocidas de salud mental o conductuales, en cooperación con sus familias y la colaboración de un amplio espectro recursos comunitarios formales e informales». La reunión se caracterizó por el intercambio de información y evidencias y la preparación de una agenda internacional de investigación. Además, se discutieron las bases para una declaración de consenso. Esta declaración, originalmente publicada en inglés y ahora reproducida en español, comprende, entre otras cuestiones, cinco principios básicos de acogimiento que de acuerdo con el grupo de trabajo en acogimiento residencial terapéutico deben guiar el acogimiento residencial de jóvenes que se preste en todo momento (AU)
In many developed countries around the world residential care interventions for children and adolescents have come under increasing scrutiny. Against this background an international summit was organised in England (spring 2016) with experts from 13 countries to reflect on therapeutic residential care (TRC). The following working definition of TRC was leading: «Therapeutic residential care involves the planful use of a purposefully constructed, multi-dimensional living environment designed to enhance or provide treatment, education, socialization, support, and protection to children and youth with identified mental health or behavioral needs in partnership with their families and in collaboration with a full spectrum of community based formal and informal helping resources». The meeting was characterised by exchange of information and evidence, and by preparing an international research agenda. In addition, the outlines of a consensus statement on TRC were discussed. This statement, originally published in English and now reproduced in a Spanish translation, comprises inter alia five basic principles of care that according to the Work Group on Therapeutic Residental Care should be guiding for residential youth care provided at any time (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Child Protective Services/organization & administration , Foster Home Care/organization & administration , Child Welfare/trends , International Cooperation/analysisABSTRACT
Therapeutic Residential Care for Children and Youth: A Consensus Statement of the International Work Group on Therapeutic Residential Care. In many developed countries around the world residential care interventions for children and adolescents have come under increasing scrutiny. Against this background an international summit was organised in England (spring 2016) with experts from 13 countries to reflect on therapeutic residential care (TRC). The following working definition of TRC was leading: “Therapeutic residential care involves the planful use of a purposefully constructed, multi-dimensional living environment designed to enhance or provide treatment, education, socialization, support, and protection to children and youth with identified mental health or behavioral needs in partnership with their families and in collaboration with a full spectrum of community based formal and informal helping resources”. The meeting was characterised by exchange of information and evidence, and by preparing an international research agenda. In addition, the outlines of a consensus statement on TRC were discussed. This statement, originally published in English and now reproduced in a Spanish translation, comprises inter alia five basic principles of care that according to the Work Group on Therapeutic Residental Care should be guiding for residential youth care provided at any time.
Subject(s)
Child Welfare , Residential Treatment/standards , Adolescent , Child , HumansABSTRACT
El análisis de la evolución histórica de la protección a la infancia en España e Italia muestra importantes aspectos comunes. En ambos países ha existido una gran tradición del uso del acogimiento residencial mediante grandes instituciones, mayormente gestionadas por organizaciones religiosas católicas, y ambas han tenido que afrontar el reto de cambiar la tendencia del acogimiento institucional por el familiar, más acorde con los tratados internacionales y los derechos del niño. Por otra parte, ambos países comparten una cultura mediterránea en la que tradicionalmente la familia ha sido el principal proveedor de bienestar personal y social, aunque en las últimas décadas ha alcanzado un alto grado de desarrollo el Estado del bienestar con amplias coberturas de salud, educación y servicios sociales. La actual crisis económica de estos países está poniendo en riesgo estos avances recién conseguidos y de nuevo la importancia del apoyo familiar está siendo decisiva. El artículo revisa el desarrollo histórico de las medidas de protección con separación familiar y compara los datos de acogimiento familiar y residencial, así como las principales aportaciones de la investigación a estos temas en ambos países (AU)
The analysis of the historical development of child protection in Spain and Italy shows remarkable common aspects. There has been a strong tradition of using residential care by means of large institutions, mostly run by catholic religious organizations, in both countries, and both have had to face the challenge of changing the tendency of this institutional care to a family based care. On the other hand, both countries share a Mediterranean culture where the family has been the main provider of personal and social wellbeing, although the welfare state has achieved a high level of development with large health, education, and social services coverage in the last decades. The current financial crisis of these countries is jeopardizing these recently attained advances and again the importance of family support is becoming crucial. The article reviews the historical development of out-of-home care in both countries and compares foster family and residential care, as well as the main research contributions to these topics in both countries (AU)
