ABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to identify and quantify the bioaccesible phenolic compounds and evaluate their relationship with the antioxidant properties of three different cookies formulated with 10.5% peach pulp incorporation and 50% fat or added-sucrose reduction. Peach pulp and dietary fiber were incorporated in cookie formulation and two levels of fat or sucrose were analyzed. Cookie quality was modified by fruit incorporation and reduction of fat and added-sucrose. Fruit incorporation changed the polyphenol profile and improved antioxidant properties. Most phenolic compounds quantified in both the extracts and the different stages of the simulated digestion were higher in the sucrose/fat reduced samples than in the control samples, which represents a nutritional improvement of the pulp-enriched cookies. Evaluation of the bioaccessibility of polyphenols from cookies showed that a fraction of polyphenol could be absorbed by the small intestine. This fraction ranged between ~21% and ~25%, according to the sample.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemistry , Dietary Fiber/analysis , Food Analysis , Fruit/chemistry , Polyphenols/metabolism , Digestion , Prunus persica/chemistryABSTRACT
In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. OF and IN incorporation changed substantially dough water loss profile and rate. The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules.
Subject(s)
Dietary Fiber , Water/chemistry , Flour , Starch , Temperature , TriticumABSTRACT
The effect of fiber addition on the distribution and mobility of protons in biscuits is studied by using low resolution time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR). The proportion of flour is reduced in order to incorporate inulin and oat fiber. NMR temperature dependent experiments are carried out in order to gain insight on the processes occurring in biscuit baking. Proton populations were identified measuring spin-spin relaxation times (T2). The major change in the relaxation profiles upon incorporation of fibers corresponds to mobile water molecules, which appear to be related to dough spreading behavior and biscuit quality. Biscuit samples baked in a commercial oven were studied by two dimensional spin-lattice/spin-spin (T1-T2) relaxation maps. The T1/T2 ratio is used as an indicator of the population mobility, where changes in the mobility of water in contact with flour components as starch, proteins and pentosans are observed.
Subject(s)
Dietary Fiber/analysis , Flour/analysis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Protons , Avena/chemistry , Dietary Proteins/chemistry , Food Technology , Inulin/chemistry , Starch/chemistry , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
Introducción: La deficiencia de 25 (OH) vitamina D es una alteración prevalente en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) , sin embargo en nuestro medio no es medida de manera rutinaria y por ende no suele hacerse reposición vitamínica. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia y los factores relacionados a deficiencia de 25 (OH) D en pacientes con ERC en hemodiálisis (HD), particularmente la relación con la función y masa muscular. Métodos: Efectuamos un estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, en pacientes adultos en HD crónica que no estuvieran recibiendo ningún derivado de la vitamina D. Se midieron en sangre los niveles de 25(OH) D, Hemoglobina, PCR, Albúmina, Ca, P, FAL, PTHi. Se realizó la medición de la fuerza del puño con dinamómetro, y la prueba de sentado-parado. Se aplicó el índice de Karnofsky para clasificar el estado funcional., Se realizó una bioimpedanciometría (BCM; Frese nius Medical Care) en aquellos pacientes sin, contraindicación. Resultados: Se incluyeron 138 pacientes. La 25(OH) vitamina fue de 20.43 ± 10.5 ng/ml, la prevalencia de insuficiencia /defi ciencia 87% (37% con menos de 15 ng/ml). Las concentraciones de vitamina D/deficiencia mostraron correlación/relación significativa con la edad, la presencia de diabetes, los niveles de hemoglobina y albúmina, la fuerza y la masa muscular y la clase funcional (p<0.05) . Conclusión: Alta prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D en pacientes hemodializados particularmente gerontes y diabéticos. Esto estaría relacionado con la desnutrición, anemia, clase funcional y la fuerza/masa muscular de los pacientes, estos últimos dos factores no reportados hasta ahora. Todos estos factores deben ser considerados al momento de la sustitución vitamínica y en la evaluación de la efectividad de la misma.(AU)
Background: 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency is a prevailing alteration in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, in our environment, it is not routinely measured and, therefore, vitamin replacement is unusual. Our purpose was assessing the prevalence of and the factors related to 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency in patientswith CKD in hemodialysis (HD), especially the relation to function and muscle mass. Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter study in adult patients on chronic HD who were not receiving any vitamin D derivative. Blood levels of 25 (OH) D, Hemoglobin, CRP, Albumin, Ca,P, ALP and PTHi were measured. The handgrip strength was measured with a dynamometer and the sitting-rising test was carried out. A bioimpedance analysis (BCM; Fresenius Medical Care) was conducted in the patients who had no contraindications. Results: 138 patients were included. The levels of 25 (OH) vitamin D were 20.43±10.5 ng/ml; the insufficiency/deficiency had 87% prevalence (and 37% prevalence with less than 15 ng/ml). Vitamin D concentrations/ deficiency showed a significant correlation with/ relation to age, diabetes, hemoglobin and albumin levels, muscle strength and mass, and functional class (p<0.05). Conclusion: High prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients on hemodialysis, particularly in the elderly and in patients with diabetes. This should be related to undernutrition, anemia, the functional class and the muscle strength/mass of patients, the latter two being unreported factors until now. All these factors should be considered when vitamin replacement is conducted and when its effectiveness is assessed.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Muscle Weakness , Vitamin D Deficiency , AvitaminosisABSTRACT
Introducción: La deficiencia de 25 (OH) vitamina D es una alteración prevalente en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) , sin embargo en nuestro medio no es medida de manera rutinaria y por ende no suele hacerse reposición vitamínica. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia y los factores relacionados a deficiencia de 25 (OH) D en pacientes con ERC en hemodiálisis (HD), particularmente la relación con la función y masa muscular. Métodos: Efectuamos un estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, en pacientes adultos en HD crónica que no estuvieran recibiendo ningún derivado de la vitamina D. Se midieron en sangre los niveles de 25(OH) D, Hemoglobina, PCR, Albúmina, Ca, P, FAL, PTHi. Se realizó la medición de la fuerza del puño con dinamómetro, y la prueba de sentado-parado. Se aplicó el índice de Karnofsky para clasificar el estado funcional., Se realizó una bioimpedanciometría (BCM; Frese nius Medical Care) en aquellos pacientes sin, contraindicación. Resultados: Se incluyeron 138 pacientes. La 25(OH) vitamina fue de 20.43 ± 10.5 ng/ml, la prevalencia de insuficiencia /defi ciencia 87% (37% con menos de 15 ng/ml). Las concentraciones de vitamina D/deficiencia mostraron correlación/relación significativa con la edad, la presencia de diabetes, los niveles de hemoglobina y albúmina, la fuerza y la masa muscular y la clase funcional (p<0.05) . Conclusión: Alta prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D en pacientes hemodializados particularmente gerontes y diabéticos. Esto estaría relacionado con la desnutrición, anemia, clase funcional y la fuerza/masa muscular de los pacientes, estos últimos dos factores no reportados hasta ahora. Todos estos factores deben ser considerados al momento de la sustitución vitamínica y en la evaluación de la efectividad de la misma.
Background: 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency is a prevailing alteration in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, in our environment, it is not routinely measured and, therefore, vitamin replacement is unusual. Our purpose was assessing the prevalence of and the factors related to 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency in patientswith CKD in hemodialysis (HD), especially the relation to function and muscle mass. Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter study in adult patients on chronic HD who were not receiving any vitamin D derivative. Blood levels of 25 (OH) D, Hemoglobin, CRP, Albumin, Ca,P, ALP and PTHi were measured. The handgrip strength was measured with a dynamometer and the sitting-rising test was carried out. A bioimpedance analysis (BCM; Fresenius Medical Care) was conducted in the patients who had no contraindications. Results: 138 patients were included. The levels of 25 (OH) vitamin D were 20.43±10.5 ng/ml; the insufficiency/deficiency had 87% prevalence (and 37% prevalence with less than 15 ng/ml). Vitamin D concentrations/ deficiency showed a significant correlation with/ relation to age, diabetes, hemoglobin and albumin levels, muscle strength and mass, and functional class (p<0.05). Conclusion: High prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients on hemodialysis, particularly in the elderly and in patients with diabetes. This should be related to undernutrition, anemia, the functional class and the muscle strength/mass of patients, the latter two being unreported factors until now. All these factors should be considered when vitamin replacement is conducted and when its effectiveness is assessed.
