Development of a Multiplatform Tool for the Prevention of Prevalent Mental Health Pathologies in Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Control Trial.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of depression and anxiety has increased in recent years, with many individuals having trouble accessing mental health support. Smartphones have become an integral part of modern life, with apps offering new ways to deliver evidence-based self-help strategies to cope with common mental health symptoms. However, most of them do not have empirical evidence of their overall effectiveness or the effectiveness of their components, which could pose a risk for users. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the modules of evaluation, psychoeducation, and emotional regulation strategies in a multiplatform self-help mental health mobile app in the Maule region of Chile. METHODS: A sample of 196 adults will be selected, who will be randomly assigned to different components of the app for a fixed period to assess its ability to reduce symptomatology. RESULTS: The trial is not yet recruiting and is expected to end in October 2024. The first results are expected in April 2024. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study in Chile to develop and test the effectiveness of a mobile app to manage anxiety and depression symptoms in adults. The intervention proposed is based on evidence suggesting that the internet or remote intervention tools and self-management of prevalent symptomatology could be the future of mental health care systems in the digital era. If the effects of the intervention are positive, wide implementation in Chile and other Spanish-speaking countries could be possible in the future. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/52324.

Evaluación de un modelo de calidad de vida construido desde los datos / Evaluation of a conceptual quality of life model built from data / Avaliação de um modelo de qualidade de vida construído a partir dos dados

La calidad de vida (CV) es un concepto utilizado por diferentes disciplinas. Sin embargo, existen diversas definiciones del mismo, lo que puede llevar a problemas teóricos y aplicados. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar un modelo de calidad de vida construido desde los datos. En este trabajo se argumenta que una manera de atender a esta variedad es evaluar un modelo de CV que surja a partir de la aplicación simultánea de instrumentos tradicionalmente vinculados a este constructo. Por ello, se realizaron diferentes análisis factoriales para identificar un factor común a los ítems y factores específicos en caso de ser necesario. Se presentan los resultados de dos estudios: el primero (n=550) midió diferentes aspectos objetivos y subjetivos relacionados a CV. Los datos generados llevaron a un modelo de seis factores de primer orden y uno de segundo orden, con adecuados indicadores de confiabilidad y validez. Este modelo se basa en variables relativas a los aspectos subjetivos de la CV. El segundo estudio (n=304) revela que la estructura planteada en el primer estudio muestra adecuados indicadores aun comparándola con otros modelos que incluyen dimensiones complementarias. Se discuten los resultados en función de su aporte a la investigación en CV, a la definición conceptual del constructo y a su efecto en la intervención social.

Quality of Life (QL) is a concept used by different disciplines. However, there is a variety of definitions of QL, which might lead to theoretical and applied problems. The present work argues that a way to attend to this problem is by assessing a model of quality of life that arises from the simultaneous application of instruments traditionally associated with this construct. To evaluate this idea, several factorial analysis were conducted in order to identify a common factor, and specific dimensions in case it was needed. The first study (n=550) measured objective and subjective aspects related to QL. The resulting data generated a model with six first order factors and one second order dimension, with appropriate indicators of reliability and validity. This model is based on variables related to the subjective aspects of QL. A second study (n=304) indicates that the aforementioned structure shows good psychometric indicators, even in comparison with other models that include complementary dimensions. Results are discussed in terms of their contribution to research in quality of life, the conceptual definition of the construct and its effect on social intervention.

Efectos cognitivos de la estimulación audiovisual en niños con limitaciones severa de la movilidad: la utilidad de las tecnologías de apoyo de bajo costo / The cognitive effects of audiovisual stimulation in children with severe mobility limitations: the utility of low-cost assistive technology

El desarrollo cognitivo del niño requiere de la exploración del entorno. En niños con enfermedades neuromusculares, esta exploración está limitada, dificultando su desarrollo. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar un modelo de estimulación audiovisual de bajo costo. Se desarrollaron dos vehículos de estimulación audiovisual portátiles (VEP), usados para presentar la intervención, y que eran apropiados para la población participante. En la intervención se incluyó a 9 niños(mediana edad=42,6 meses; rango = 16-99 meses) con enfermedades neuromusculares. El programa de estimulación duró 20 días. Para evaluar la intervención, se usó un lector de movimientos oculares que registró la actividad en una tarea de rastreo visual. Además, se evaluó la frecuencia de respuesta en una tarea de causa-efecto. En la tarea de rastreo visual, tres pacientes (42,8 por ciento) disminuyeron el tiempo de ejecución, en magnitud del 61,9 por ciento (mediana: 13s; rango: 9-54,5 s). Con respecto al número de errores: 5 de 7 participantes (71,4 por ciento) disminuyeron los errores, en magnitud del 56 por ciento (mediana: 5 errores; rango: 2,3-5,8 errores). Respecto a la tarea de causa-efecto, dos de cuatro pacientes mostraron un mejor rendimiento, siendo mas responsivos a la estimulación ambiental. Los resultados muestran que los niños se beneficiaron de la intervención, incluso, los más pequeños. Estas intervenciones deben ser parte de la atención de niños con limitaciones del movimiento...

The cognitive development of children requires the exploration of the environment. In children with neuromuscular diseases this exploration is limited, compromising their development.The aim of this study is to assess a model of low-cost audiovisual stimulation. Two audiovisual stimulation portable vehicle (VEP, in Spanish), were used to apply the intervention, as they were appropriate for the patients. In the intervention, 9 children (age median=42.6 months; range= 16.99) with muscular disease were included. The program of stimulation lasted 20 days. In order to assess the intervention, an eye-tracker device was used to register the performance in a visual pursuit task. In addition, responsiveness was assessed. In the visual pursuit task, three patients (42,8 per cent) diminished the latency in 61,9 per cent (median: 13s; range: 9-54,5 s). Regarding the amount of errors: 5 out 7 participants (71,4 per cent) diminished the amount of errors in 56 per cent (median: 5 errors; range: 2,3-5,8 errors). In regards of the cause-effect task, two out of four subjects showed a better performance, being more responsive to the environmental stimulation. The results show that children are benefited from the intervention, even the younger ones. This intervention should be part of the attention of children with mobility limitations...

Estimulación audiovisual en niños con limitación grave de la motricidad: ¿mejora su calidad de vida? / Audiovisual stimulation in children with severely limited motor function: does it improve their quality of life?

Introducción. Los niños con enfermedades neurológicas que condicionan una limitación grave de la movilidad tienen una calidad de vida (CV) deficiente. Objetivo. Estudiar si la CV de dichos pacientes mejora con la aplicación de un programa de estimulación audiovisual. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio prospectivo en nueve niños, seis de ellos varones (edad media: 42,6 ± 28,6 meses), con limitación grave de la movilidad, hospitalizados de manera prolongada. Se elaboraron dos programas de estímulo audiovisual que, junto con vídeos, se aplicaron mediante una estructura especialmente diseñada. La frecuencia fue de dos veces al día, por 10 minutos, durante 20 días. Los primeros diez días se llevó a cabo de manera pasiva y los segundos diez con guía del observador. Se registraron variables biológicas, conductuales, cognitivas y se aplicó una encuesta de CV adaptada. Resultados. Se diagnosticaron tres casos de atrofia muscular espinal, dos de distrofia muscular congénita, dos de miopatía y dos con otros diagnósticos. Ocho pacientes completaron el seguimiento. Desde el punto de vista basal, presentaron CV regular (7,2 ± 1,7 puntos; mediana: 7,0; rango: 6-10), que mejoraba a buena al finalizar (9,4 ± 1,2 puntos; mediana: 9,0; rango: 8-11), con diferencia intraindividual de 2,1 ± 1,6 (mediana: 2,5; rango: –1 a 4; IC 95% = 0,83-3,42; p = 0,006). Se detectó mejoría en cognición y percepción favorable de los cuidadores. No hubo cambio en las variables biológicas ni conductuales. Conclusión. Mediante la estimulación audiovisual es posible mejorar la calidad de vida de niños con limitación grave de la movilidad (AU)

Introduction. Children with neurological diseases that impose severe limitations on their mobility have a deficient quality of life (QL). Aims. To study whether the QL of such patients improves with the application of a programme of audiovisual stimulation. Patients and methods. A prospective study was conducted on nine children, six of whom were males (mean age: 42.6 ± 28.6 months), with severely limited mobility and who had been hospitalised for long periods. Two audiovisual stimulation programmes were produced and applied, together with videos, by means of a specially designed structure. The stimulus was applied twice a day for 10 minutes over 20 days. The first ten days the stimulus was carried out in a passive manner and the second block of ten days it was performed with the guidance of the observer. Biological, behavioural and cognitive variables were recorded and an adapted QL survey was applied. Results. Three cases of spinal muscular atrophy, two of congenital muscular dystrophy, two of myopathy and two with other conditions were diagnosed. Eight patients completed the follow-up. From the baseline point of view, they presented a regular QL (7.2 ± 1.7 points; median: 7.0; range: 6-10), which improved to good on finishing the therapy (9.4 ± 1.2 points; median: 9.0; range: 8-11), with an intra-individual difference of 2.1 ± 1.6 (median: 2.5; range: –1 to 4; CI 95% = 0.83-3.42; p = 0.006). Improved cognition and a favourable perception in the caregivers were detected. No changes took place in the biological or behavioural variables. Conclusions. Audiovisual stimulation can be used to enhance the quality of life of children with severely limited mobility (AU)

[Audiovisual stimulation in children with severely limited motor function: does it improve their quality of life?]. / Estimulacion audiovisual en niños con limitacion grave de la motricidad: mejora su calidad de vida?

INTRODUCTION: Children with neurological diseases that impose severe limitations on their mobility have a deficient quality of life (QL). AIMS: To study whether the QL of such patients improves with the application of a programme of audiovisual stimulation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on nine children, six of whom were males (mean age: 42.6 ± 28.6 months), with severely limited mobility and who had been hospitalised for long periods. Two audiovisual stimulation programmes were produced and applied, together with videos, by means of a specially designed structure. The stimulus was applied twice a day for 10 minutes over 20 days. The first ten days the stimulus was carried out in a passive manner and the second block of ten days it was performed with the guidance of the observer. Biological, behavioural and cognitive variables were recorded and an adapted QL survey was applied. RESULTS: Three cases of spinal muscular atrophy, two of congenital muscular dystrophy, two of myopathy and two with other conditions were diagnosed. Eight patients completed the follow-up. From the baseline point of view, they presented a regular QL (7.2 ± 1.7 points; median: 7.0; range: 6-10), which improved to good on finishing the therapy (9.4 ± 1.2 points; median: 9.0; range: 8-11), with an intra-individual difference of 2.1 ± 1.6 (median: 2.5; range: -1 to 4; CI 95% = 0.83-3.42; p = 0.006). Improved cognition and a favourable perception in the caregivers were detected. No changes took place in the biological or behavioural variables. CONCLUSIONS: Audiovisual stimulation can be used to enhance the quality of life of children with severely limited mobility.

TITLE: Estimulacion audiovisual en niños con limitacion grave de la motricidad: mejora su calidad de vida?Introduccion. Los niños con enfermedades neurologicas que condicionan una limitacion grave de la movilidad tienen una calidad de vida (CV) deficiente. Objetivo. Estudiar si la CV de dichos pacientes mejora con la aplicacion de un programa de estimulacion audiovisual. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio prospectivo en nueve niños, seis de ellos varones (edad media: 42,6 ± 28,6 meses), con limitacion grave de la movilidad, hospitalizados de manera prolongada. Se elaboraron dos programas de estimulo audiovisual que, junto con videos, se aplicaron mediante una estructura especialmente diseñada. La frecuencia fue de dos veces al dia, por 10 minutos, durante 20 dias. Los primeros diez dias se llevo a cabo de manera pasiva y los segundos diez con guia del observador. Se registraron variables biologicas, conductuales, cognitivas y se aplico una encuesta de CV adaptada. Resultados. Se diagnosticaron tres casos de atrofia muscular espinal, dos de distrofia muscular congenita, dos de miopatia y dos con otros diagnosticos. Ocho pacientes completaron el seguimiento. Desde el punto de vista basal, presentaron CV regular (7,2 ± 1,7 puntos; mediana: 7,0; rango: 6-10), que mejoraba a buena al finalizar (9,4 ± 1,2 puntos; mediana: 9,0; rango: 8-11), con diferencia intraindividual de 2,1 ± 1,6 (mediana: 2,5; rango: ­1 a 4; IC 95% = 0,83-3,42; p = 0,006). Se detecto mejoria en cognicion y percepcion favorable de los cuidadores. No hubo cambio en las variables biologicas ni conductuales. Conclusion. Mediante la estimulacion audiovisual es posible mejorar la calidad de vida de niños con limitacion grave de la movilidad.