ABSTRACT
The clinical and epidemiological features, as well as complications presented by 39 patients with Bothrops, Porthidium and Bothriechis snakebites, are described. Patients were admitted during 1 year in 25 hospitals of Antioquia and Chocó and then, they were transferred to the Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl in Medellín, 30 of them because of the presence of complications, eight because of lack of antivenoms and another one because of the desire of his relatives. Thirty--one (79.5%) of the patients were male, 13 (33.3%) children, 59% of them were bitten at the lower extremities, the majority (74.4%) by Bothrops asper. Twenty-one (53.8%) of the patients were initially attended by traditional healers and sought medical attention at the local hospitals after 2h in 87.2% of the cases. Edema (100%), hemorrhage (74.4%), blistering (38.5%) and necrosis (38.5%), were the local signs of envenomation, while blood coagulation alteration (79.5%), hematuria (74.4%), gingival bleeding (43.6%), hypovolemic shock (23.1%) and oliguria (23.1%), were the systemic signs of envenomation. The final grade of envenomation was severe in 29 patients (74.4%). Thirty patients (76.9%) had one or more complications of the envenomation: acute renal failure (ARF), 15 (38.5%); soft-tissue infection, 12 (30.8%); central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhage, 5 (12.8%); compartment syndrome, 3 (7.7%); soft--tissue hematomas, 6 (15.4%); and Abruptio placentae, one (2.6%). There were four deaths (10.3%), two from ARF and two from cerebral hemorrhage. Fourteen other patients (35.9%) had sequelae. The onset of serotherapy after 2h of the bite was associated with the occurrence of ARF and CNS hemorrhage (p=0.02), as well as the risk of death and sequelae (RR=2.5).
Subject(s)
Bothrops , Snake Bites/complications , Snake Bites/epidemiology , Viperidae , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Antivenins/adverse effects , Antivenins/therapeutic use , Bacterial Infections/etiology , Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Colombia/epidemiology , Female , Hematoma/drug therapy , Hematoma/pathology , Hemorrhage/chemically induced , Hemorrhage/pathology , Humans , Infant , Kidney Function Tests , Male , Medicine, Traditional , Middle Aged , Snake Bites/pathology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Se presenta el primer caso de un transplate simultaneo renal y pancreatico realizado en Colombia el 26 de Marzo de 1988 en un paciente de 36 anos, que desde los 17 sufria una diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y quien en los ultimos tiempos tenia una insuficiencia renal terminal por sindrome nefrotico. Habia presentado varios episodios de coma diabetico. Una vez realizado el transplante se observo desde un comienzo como el rinon transplantado no funcionaba, lo que dificulto su tratamiento. Permanecio practicamente insulino independiente por mas de tres semanas. Como el pancreas se coloco en situacion extraperitoneal, se presento necrosis de los musculos de esta zona debido a la formacion de un hematoma y se produjo pancreatitis superficial. Hacia la 4 semana hubo compromiso severo de el estado general e inconciencia, y fue necesario extraerle el pancreas transplatado. Fallecio el 21 de abril de 1988, 26 dias despues de la cirugia.
