ABSTRACT
A straightforward procedure for the synthesis of enantiopure polysubstituted piperidines is reported. It involves the direct generation of chiral non-racemic oxazolo[3,2-a]piperidone lactams that already incorporate carbon substituents on the heterocyclic ring and the subsequent removal of the chiral auxiliary. The key step is a cyclocondensation reaction of (R)-phenylglycinol or other amino alcohols with racemic or prochiral delta-oxo (di)acid derivatives in highly stereoselective processes involving dynamic kinetic resolution and/or desymmetrization of diastereotopic or enantiotopic ester groups.
Subject(s)
Piperidines/chemical synthesis , Ethanolamines , Glycine/analogs & derivatives , Glycine/chemistry , Kinetics , Lactams/chemistry , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
Cyclodehydration of achiral or racemic aryl-delta-oxoacids with (R)-phenylglycinol stereoselectively affords chiral non-racemic bicyclic lactams, from which the enantiodivergent synthesis of (R)- and (S)-2-phenylpiperidine, the diastereodivergent synthesis of cis- and trans-3-ethyl-2-phenylpiperidine, and the enantioselective synthesis of the piperidine alkaloid (-)-anabasine is reported.
Subject(s)
Anabasine/chemical synthesis , Insecticides/chemical synthesis , Plants , Lactams/chemistry , Piperidines/chemical synthesis , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
Cyclodehydration of racemic gamma-aryl-delta-oxoesters with (R)- or (S)-phenylglycinol stereoselectively affords bicyclic delta-lactams, in a process that involves a dynamic kinetic resolution. Subsequent reduction of these lactams leads to enantiopure 3-arylpiperidines. Starting from racemic aldehyde esters, this short sequence has been applied to the synthesis of (R)-3-phenylpiperidine and the antipsychotic drug (-)-3-PPP (an (S)-3-arylpiperidine), whereas starting from racemic ketone esters enantiopure cis-2-alkyl-3-arylpiperidines are prepared.
