Calcitriol combined with calcium chloride causes apoptosis in undifferentiated adipose tissue-derived human mesenchymal stem cells, but this effect decreases during adipogenic differentiation.

Calcitriol, the bioactive hormone of vitamin D, is currently linked to several diseases, such as obesity and gain of adipose mass, due to its liposolubility and, consequently, its sequestration by adipocytes. As rates of obesity continue to increase, research on the biology of weight gain should be encouraged. This study evaluated the effects of calcitriol combined with CaCl2 on adipose tissue-derived human mesenchymal stem cells. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of the combination by MTT assays, in which undifferentiated cells and cells undergoing adipogenic differentiation were tested for 7 and 14 days. The results demonstrated that the combination of calcitriol at the IC50 and CaCl2 at the IC20 was effective at reducing the viability of mesenchymal stem cells, but with the progression of cell differentiation towards adipocytes, cell resistance to the cytotoxic effects increased. The percentages of dead cells were 88.29, 57.45 and 28.81% for undifferentiated cells and cells exposed to differentiation medium for 7 and 14 days, respectively. Undifferentiated cells were evaluated for apoptosis in response to the same combination using Annexin V assays, and a possible onset of programmed cell death in undifferentiated cells was detected. Additionally, the combination of the compounds altered the membrane permeability of undifferentiated cells by 16 percentage points and induced cell cycle arrest in S phase due to the accumulation of damage. An evaluation of gene expression revealed the overexpression of the GADD45 and ATM genes and the underexpression of the P21, P53, ATR, BCL-2, EIF2 AK3, IGF1R, DNAse-2, ATF, MAP3K4, ENGO-G, CASP3, CASP7 and CASP8 genes. Our results provide valuable insights into the biology of obesity and may contribute to the development of new anti-obesity therapies focusing on the inhibition of adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cell hyperplasia and adipogenic differentiation.

The aplication of cyanoacrilate surgical glue on skin suture in rats.

PURPOSE:: To compare the use of a new cyanoacrylate-based surgical glue and suture with sepa-rate points in skin wounds closure. METHODS:: Thirty-six rats were subjected to a 4cm dorsal longitudinal incision. Twelve were sub-jected to simple suture with polyamide 6-0, 12 rats underwent wall synthesis using Dermabond(r) and 12 was performed cutaneous synthesis with N-2-Butyl-Cyanoacrylate. Twelve of each group was euthanized on the seventh postoperative day, their blood was taken to biochemical tests and a layer of skin and subcutaneous tissue surrounding the surgical scar was randomly divided in two segments, to the submission of tension tests and to histological study. RESULTS:: There were no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). In the soft dermis there was more type I collagen production in group I (p<0.05), group II and III was similar re-sults (p>0.05). In the compact dermis, all 3 groups showed similar results (p>0.05). The biomechanical study was similarity between the glue groups (p>0.05) but the group III proved to be different from the others having a higher resistance (p>0.05) . CONCLUSION:: This glue does not cause any inflammation or kidney and hepatic toxicity. Polyamide sutures are more resistant and the glue should be used alone only in less tension are-as.

The aplication of cyanoacrilate surgical glue on skin suture in rats

Abstract Purpose: To compare the use of a new cyanoacrylate-based surgical glue and suture with sepa-rate points in skin wounds closure. Methods: Thirty-six rats were subjected to a 4cm dorsal longitudinal incision. Twelve were sub-jected to simple suture with polyamide 6-0, 12 rats underwent wall synthesis using Dermabond(r) and 12 was performed cutaneous synthesis with N-2-Butyl-Cyanoacrylate. Twelve of each group was euthanized on the seventh postoperative day, their blood was taken to biochemical tests and a layer of skin and subcutaneous tissue surrounding the surgical scar was randomly divided in two segments, to the submission of tension tests and to histological study. Results: There were no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). In the soft dermis there was more type I collagen production in group I (p<0.05), group II and III was similar re-sults (p>0.05). In the compact dermis, all 3 groups showed similar results (p>0.05). The biomechanical study was similarity between the glue groups (p>0.05) but the group III proved to be different from the others having a higher resistance (p>0.05) . Conclusion: This glue does not cause any inflammation or kidney and hepatic toxicity. Polyamide sutures are more resistant and the glue should be used alone only in less tension are-as.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy promotes the improvement and recovery of renal function in a preclinical model.

Acute renal failure (ARF) is an extremely important public health issue in need of novel therapies. The present study aimed to evaluate the capacity of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy to promote the improvement and recovery of renal function in a preclinical model. Wistar rats were used as the experimental model, and our results show that cisplatin (5mg/kg) can efficiently induce ARF, as measured by changes in biochemical (urea and creatinine) and histological parameters. MSC therapy performed 24h after the administration of chemotherapy resulted in normalized plasma urea and creatinine levels 30 and 45d after the onset of kidney disease. Furthermore, MSC therapy significantly reduced histological changes (intratubular cast formation in protein overload nephropathy and tubular hydropic degeneration) in this ARF model. Thus, considering that current therapies for ARF are merely palliative and that MSC therapy can promote the improvement and recovery of renal function in this model system, we suggest that innovative/alternative therapies involving MSCs should be considered for clinical studies in humans to treat ARF.

Obesidade em pacientes candidatos a cirurgia bariátrica / Obesidad en pacientes candidatos a cirugía bariátrica / Obesity in candidates for bariatric surgery

OBJETIVO: Estudar a obesidade grau III ou grave, identificando o perfil demográfico, clínico e as doenças de maior ocorrência, em pacientes atendidos na consulta de enfermagem, candidatos a cirurgia bariátrica do Núcleo do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com análise dos registros em 252 prontuários dos pacientes atendidos no Programa de Cirurgia Bariátrica do Núcleo do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, entre 2004 a 2007. RESULTADOS: A prevalência crescente de sobrepeso e obesidade está associada a doenças crônicas relacionadas à dieta (comorbidades). Dos 252 pacientes atendidos 80,15 por cento eram do sexo feminino; a média da idade foi de 36,07±10,16 anos; quanto à etnia 86,53 por cento eram brancos, 8,57 por cento pardos e 4,90 por cento negros; houve predomínio das comorbidades: hipertensão arterial (63,49 por cento), dispnéia (55,56 por cento), varizes de membros inferiores (45,63 por cento) e depressão (36,51 por cento). CONCLUSÃO: observa-se que a doença de maior ocorrência na obesidade é a hipertensão arterial, devendo o paciente ser acompanhado por uma equipe multidisciplinar.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the demographic and clinical profile of individuals with severe obesity who were candidates for bariatric surgery. METHODS: This was a descriptive study. Data were extracted from 252 medical records of candidates for bariatric surgery in the Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul from 2004 through 2007. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity was associated with other chronic diseases related to the eating habits. The majority of candidates for bariatric surgery were whites (86.53 percent) and female (80.15 percent). The mean age of the candidates was 36.07±10.16 years. The most common commorbidities included high blood pressure (63.49 percent), dyspnea (55.56 percent), varicose veins (45.63 percent), and depression (36.51 percent). CONCLUSION: The major comorbidity associated with obesity is high blood pressure; individuals need be followed by a multidisciplinary team of health care providers.

OBJETIVO: Estudiar la obesidad con grado III o grave, identificando el perfil demográfico, clínico y la enfermedades de mayor ocurrencia, en pacientes atendidos en la consulta de enfermería, candidatos a cirugía bariátrica del Núcleo del Hospital Universitario (NHU) de la Universidad Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, con análisis de los registros en historias clínicas de los pacientes atendidos en el Programa de Cirugía Bariátrica del Núcleo del Hospital Universitario de la Universidad Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, entre el 2004 al 2007. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia creciente de exceso de peso y obesidad está asociada a enfermedades crónicas relacionadas a la dieta (comorbidades). De los 252 pacientes atendidos el 80,15 por ciento eran del sexo femenino y el 19,84 por ciento del masculino; el promedio de edad fue de 36,07±10,16 años; en cuanto a la etnia el 86,53 por ciento eran blancos, el 8,57 por ciento pardos y el 4,90 por ciento negros; hubo predominio de las comorbidades: hipertensión arterial (63,49 por ciento), disnea (55,56 por ciento), várices de miembros inferiores (45,63 por ciento) y depresión (36,51 por ciento). CONCLUSIÓN: Se observa que la enfermedad de mayor ocurrencia en la obesidad es la hipertensión arterial, siendo necesario que el paciente sea acompañado por un equipo multidisciplinario.

Estudo comparativo entre os fios de polidiaxanona e poliamida na tenorrafia de coelhos / Comparative study between polidioxanone and poliamide sutures in rabbit's tenorraphy

OBJETIVO: estabelecer comparaçäo entre as propriedades mecânicas das tenorrafias realizadas com poliamida (náilon) e polidioxanona (PDS). MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 56 coelhos adultos, machos, Nova Zelândia, distribuídos em dois grupos e quatro subgrupos: GIA - tenorrafias com polidioxanona e avaliaçäo após duas semanas; GIB - tenorrafias com polidioxanona e avaliaçäo após quatro semanas; GIIA - tenorrafias com náilon e avaliaçäo após duas semanas; GIIB - tenorrafias com náilon e avaliaçäo após quatro semanas. Foram realizados ensaios de traçäo nas tenorrafias dos tendöes dos coelhos. RESULTADOS: na avaliaçäo aos quinze dias de pós-operatório, o náilon apresentou como resultados dos ensaios mecânicos, valores superiores que os do PDS para carga máxima, coeficiente de rigidez, deformaçäo, deformaçäo no limite de proporcionalidade, carga no limite de proporcionalidade, que foram as variáveis analisadas. CONCLUSAO: aos trinta dias de pós-operatório näo houve diferença significante entre o uso do náilon e o PDS.