The association between the susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea and the levels of volatile and non-volatile metabolites in red ripe strawberry genotypes.

The relations between physical and chemical characteristics (e.g., color, firmness, volatile and non-volatile metabolites) of red ripe strawberry fruit and the natural spoilage caused by Botrytis cinerea were investigated. The spoilage rates differed between genotypes, and this was highly correlated over two successive years. Among seventeen genotypes, a more intense red coloration of the fruit skin was associated with a lower spoilage rate (r = -0.63). Additionally, weakly negative correlations were found between the levels of anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, malic acid and spoilage rates. No clear correlations were found between spoilage rates and soluble sugars, most volatiles, firmness and dry weight percentage. High levels of two volatile compounds, ethyl butanoate (r = 0.55) and 1-hexanol (r = 0.61), were correlated to high spoilage rates. These characteristics may assist strawberry breeders in selecting for genotypes with reduced susceptibility to B. cinerea.

Robust optical axis control of monocular active gazing based on pan-tilt mirrors for high dynamic targets.

The real-time and stability performance are both crucial for the active vision system (AVS) to gaze the high dynamic targets (HDTs). This study focused on the robust optical axis control mechanism of monocular AVS based on pan-tilt mirrors. We proposed an adaptive self-window to accommodate the HDTs within the region of interest. The minimum-envelope-ellipse and unscented-Kalman-filter methods were proposed to compensate and predict the angle of optical axis when the HDTs were blocked. The static and dynamic compensation error rates were less than 1.46% and 2.71%, prediction error rate was less than 13.88%, improving the gazing stability while ensuring real-time performance.