ABSTRACT
The H9020-17-5,a common wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng translocation line, possesses excellent resistance to wheat stripe rust. Genetic analysis of F2 and BC1 populations derived from H9020-17-5 x Mingxian169 indicated that resistance to stripe rust in H9020-17-5 was a dominant character controlling by single gene originated from Ps. huashanica. This resistance gene originated from Ps. huashanica was first reported in the present study and named as YrHua. In order to map the resistance gene YrHua, AFLP approach was employed to analyze the 119 individuals of H9020-17-5 x Mingxian169 F2 population which were inoculated by stripe rust isolate CY30. As a result,two markers, PM14(301) and PM42(249) were found to be linked to the resistance gene YrHua,and the genetic distances between the markers and target gene were 5.4 cM and 2.7 cM, respectively. For the convenience of marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding, one of the two AFLP markers was converted to PCR marker using a pair of special primers based on the DNA sequence of PM14 (301) and the polymorphism of restriction site. Our research results provided a useful tool for marker-assisted selection and laid a foundation of fine mapping and map based cloning of YrHua gene.
Subject(s)
Basidiomycota/growth & development , Genes, Plant , Immunity, Innate/genetics , Poaceae/genetics , Triticum/genetics , Base Sequence , Chromosome Mapping , Crosses, Genetic , DNA, Plant/genetics , Genetic Markers , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , Plant Diseases/genetics , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
We analyzed the electrophoritic patterns of 16 kinds of isozyme and three kinds of storage protein in Agropyron elongatum 2x and Ag. elongatum 4x by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and SDS-PAGE, respectively. The results showed three types of electrophoritic patterns. In the first type, the zymogram phenotypes are identical between Ag. elongatum 2x and Ag. elongatum 4x. Two kinds of isozyme belong to this type, which accounts for 10.5% of all the biochemical markers analyzed. In the second type, Ag. elongatum 4x showed a phenotype which is made up of combinations of the all of Ag. elongatum 2x bands and the specific bands. Ten kinds of isozyme and three kinds of storage protein fall into this class, which is the most part and accounts for 63.2% of all the markers analyzed. In the third type, Ag. elongatum 2x and Ag. elongatum 4x showed some identical bands and their own specific bands. Five kinds of isozyme were classified to this group,which accounts for 26.3% of all the markers analyzed. The results above suggested that Ag. elongatum 4x is a allotetraploid composed of one genome originated from Ag. elongatum 2x and another unknown genome which is apparently distinct from the St, J and N genomes of relative species. Otherwise, SSR primers were used to analyze the relation of Ag. elongatum 2x and Ag. elongatum 4x. The amplification results of most primers showed that Ag. elongatum 2x and Ag. elongatum 4x have some identical bands and Ag. elongatum 4x have some specific bands. This result validated the conclusion from biochemical marker analyses that Ag. elongatum 4x is a allotetraploid.
Subject(s)
Agropyron/genetics , Chromosomes, Plant , Genome, Plant , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Agropyron/enzymology , Agropyron/metabolism , Amylases/genetics , Amylases/metabolism , Carboxylesterase/genetics , Carboxylesterase/metabolism , Diploidy , Electrophoresis/methods , Isoenzymes/genetics , Isoenzymes/metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase/genetics , Malate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Phenotype , Plant Proteins/genetics , Plant Proteins/metabolism , PolyploidyABSTRACT
The photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterile (PTSGMS) line in wheat is important for the utilization of heterosis. The wheat line, BAU3338, is an excellent PTSGMS material identified in the recent years. In this study, its PTSGMS genes were mapped using molecular markers, SSR and ISSR. The result of molecular analysis showed that the two PTSGMS loci were identified and designated as ptms1 and ptms2, respectively. In addition, the genetic effect analysis indicated that the locus effect of ptms1 was 2-3 times larger than that of ptms2.
Subject(s)
Triticum/genetics , Chromosome Mapping , Genetic Linkage , Photoperiod , Recombination, Genetic , Reproduction , TemperatureABSTRACT
mRNA differential display with G-box family primer was used to analyze the differential expression of genes of the photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterile(PTSGMS) line of wheat, BAU3338, between the sterile and fertile conditions. The result indicated that gene expression was significantly different between the two types of condition during the fertility transformation phase. The twelve qualitatively different DNA bands were identified with reverse Northern blot hybridization and five positive clones, HT1-G10, HT1-G3, HT2-G2, HT1-G4 and HT2-G5 were sequenced. The homology search indicated that HT1-G10 was highly homological (96%) to the partial sequences of Triticum aestivum chloroplast genes, rbcL and atpB, HT1-G3 was also homological (88%) to Triticum aestivum histone H2A gene and the other three gene fragments were new sequences in Gen-Bank. The analysis of the candidate gene fragments supplied some effective evidences to reveal the developmental mechanism of PTSGMS.
Subject(s)
DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Gene Expression Profiling , Photoperiod , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Transcription Factors/genetics , Triticum/genetics , Blotting, Northern , DNA Primers/genetics , DNA, Complementary/chemistry , DNA, Complementary/genetics , DNA, Plant/chemistry , DNA, Plant/genetics , Fertility/genetics , G-Box Binding Factors , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Molecular Sequence Data , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , TemperatureABSTRACT
To detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling plant height, the plant height of 240 F2:3 lines derived from the cross of a dwarf wheat line ND3338 with a tall line F390, was assessed in field trials at two locations with three replications in 2000 and 2001. Microsatellite markers were used to construct a framework linkage map containing 215 loci with 21 linkage groups, and covering the whole genome about 3600cM. With the method of interval mapping, seven putative QTLs affecting plant height were detected on chromosomes 1B, 4B (two regions), 6A (two regions), 6D and 7A, respectively. Phenotypic variations explained by each QTL ranged from 5.2% to 50.1%, and in each environment the total putative QTLs explained about 64.8%-75% of the total phenotypic variation respectively. A major QTL located on chromosome arm 4BS near the locus Xgwm113, around the Rht-Blb locus, explained a large part of the phenotypic variation (27.8%-36.2% depending on the years or the locations). Except the QTL on chromosome 7A, all the other QTLs from ND3338 decreased the plant height, variously from 0.94 cm to 9.33 cm. Most of the identified QTLs were consistent in all the environments, and should be useful in future marker-assisted-selection programs for breeding dwarf and semi-dwarf wheat cultivars.
