Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus camrelizumab and apatinib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There is limited information on combination of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (Ad-HCC). We aim to compare the efficacy and safety of HAIC plus camrelizumab (a PD-1 inhibitor) and apatinib (an VEGFR-2 inhibitor) versus camrelizumab and apatinib for Ad-HCC. METHODS: From April 2019 to October 2022, 416 patients with Ad-HCC who received either HAIC plus camrelizumab and apatinib (TRIPLET protocol, n = 207) or camrelizumab and apatinib (C-A protocol, n = 209) were reviewed retrospectively. The propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce selective bias. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test. Cox regression analyses of independent prognostic factors were evaluated. RESULTS: After PSM 1:1, 109 patients were assigned to two groups. The median OS of not reached in the TRIPLET group was significantly longer than that of 19.9 months in the C-A group (p < 0.001), while in the TRIPLET group, the median PFS of 11.5 months was significantly longer than that of 9.6 months in the C-A group (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that the factors significantly affected the OS were CTP grade, tumor number > 3, and TRIPLET treatment (p < 0.001). Grade 3/4 adverse events occurred at a rate of 82.1% vs. 71.3% in TRIPLET and C-A groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: The TRIPLET protocol has promising survival benefits in the management of patients with Ad-HCC, with acceptable safety. TRAIL REGISTRATION: The study has been retrospectively registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/ , ChiCTR2300075828).

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with anti-angiogenesis agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has been proven to be an ideal choice for treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). HAIC-based treatment showed great potential for treating uHCC. However, large-scale studies on HAIC-based treatments and meta-analyses of first-line treatments for uHCC are lacking. AIM: To investigate better first-line treatment options for uHCC and to assess the safety and efficacy of HAIC combined with angiogenesis inhibitors, programmed cell death of protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) blockers (triple therapy) under real-world conditions. METHODS: Several electronic databases were searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials for this meta-analysis. Study-level pooled analyses of hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were performed. This was a retrospective single-center study involving 442 patients with uHCC who received triple therapy or angiogenesis inhibitors plus PD-1/PD-L1 blockades (AIPB) at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 2018 to April 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the bias between the groups. The Kaplan-Meier method and cox regression were used to analyse the survival data, and the log-rank test was used to compare the suvival time between the groups. RESULTS: A total of 13 randomized controlled trials were included. HAIC alone and in combination with sorafenib were found to be effective treatments (P values for ORs: HAIC, 0.95; for HRs: HAIC + sorafenib, 0.04). After PSM, 176 HCC patients were included in the analysis. The triple therapy group (n = 88) had a longer median overall survival than the AIPB group (n = 88) (31.6 months vs 14.6 months, P < 0.001) and a greater incidence of adverse events (94.3% vs 75.4%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that HAIC-based treatments are likely to be the best choice for uHCC. Our findings confirm that triple therapy is more effective for uHCC patients than AIPB.

Fabrication of visible-light response cadmium sulfide modified superhydrophobic surface for water resource remediation.

Widespread concern has been attached to the frequent occurrence of pollution by oil slicks and water-soluble pollutants in recent years. The semiconductor photocatalysis is applied to sewage treatment owing to the advantages of energy-conserving and environmental protection. However, its application is limited by the defects of not solving oil slicks and the hard recyclability. In this paper, the high specific surface area and rod-shaped CdS were prepared using template and alkali-treated methods. Next, the alkylated SiO2and alkali-treated CdS were deposited on pure fabric by physical deposition to prepare the multifunctional superhydrophobic fabric. The specific surface area and morphology of alkali-treated CdS were tested by BET specific surface area test and field emission scanning electron microscope. Besides, oil/water separation, water contact angle, and stability test experiments were performed to determine the superhydrophobic performance. Photocatalysis degradation efficiency and cycle degradation stability of multifunctional fabric were characterized by photocatalysis degradation Rh B experiment. Consequently, the alkali-treated CdS displays a high specific surface up to 343 m2g-1. The multifunctional fabric presents excellent superhydrophobic performance with the water contact angle up to 155°. Meanwhile, the water contact angle of multifunctional fabric is always over 150° under various circumstances (acid-base corrosion, soaking time at 100 °C and frictional numbers), indicating that the multifunctional fabric has excellent superhydrophobic stability. Moreover, the fabric also exhibits outstanding photocatalysis performance (the degradation efficiency is 94% after 3 cycles). Our work provides a feasible method for addressing oil slicks on water surface and degrading water-soluble pollutants with extensive application prospects in water resource remediation.