ABSTRACT
Cytogenetic analysis was performed on preimplantation embryos (morulae and blastocysts) from control (untreated) and experimental groups of RAP strain female mice. The experimental groups underwent chronic alcoholization, acute ethanol intoxication of a combined treatment. The results suggest that the treatments applied did not induce, in our experimental conditions, chromosomal aberrations.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/complications , Blastocyst/drug effects , Cleavage Stage, Ovum/drug effects , Ethanol/toxicity , Morula/drug effects , Animals , Female , Karyotyping , Mice , Mutation/drug effectsABSTRACT
The dynamics of the Cyclophosphamide (CPA) effect was investigated in the chick embryo by a vital fluorochroming method worked out previously. In the 4-day-old embryo the morphological changes (at the level of light microscopy) in the limbs and in the mesencephalon induced by 100 microgram CPA appeared after a period of latency of about 10 hours. Successive blood control in the same embryo, treated with 50 microgram CPA, revealed three consecutive modifications of the blood cells: a great number of abnormal mitoses, the appearance of a great number of multinucleated, nonviable cells and the recovery of the lost cells. No difference could be detected between the effect of freshly prepared and stored CPA solutions. The fate of CPA (a bifunctionally alkylating agent) in contact with living tissues is discussed.
Subject(s)
Chick Embryo/drug effects , Cyclophosphamide/pharmacology , Animals , Blood Cells/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Extremities/drug effects , Extremities/embryology , Mesencephalon/drug effects , Mesencephalon/embryology , Mitosis/drug effectsABSTRACT
Besides the usual methods, vital fluorochroming may globally show the extent of the cytotoxic effect of Cyclophosphamide (CP). By intravital treatment with highly diluted fluorochromes (acridine-orange, etc.) necrobiotic and dead cells, cell debris and phagosomes appear electively fluorescent. Glycosaminoglycans and various mucopolysaccharides show a somewhat weaker fluorescence. Autopods and the mesencephalon were selected for comparative assessment of the effect of other cytotoxic agents. Important results were also obtained by the repeated examination of blood (erythrocytes) and of hemopoetic foci. Cytotoxic effect within the embryo, teratogenesis and chemotherapeutic action are strongly correlated.
Subject(s)
Acridine Orange/pharmacology , Cyclophosphamide/toxicity , Animals , Cell Survival , Chick Embryo , Chickens , Female , Macrophages/metabolism , PregnancyABSTRACT
In 12--15 days old rat embryos and 12 days old mouse embryos vitally stained by acridin orange, a perichordal necrosis appears, showing metameric intensifications at the level of the dense sclerotomites. Similar aspects were detected in serially sectioned rabbit and human embryos (6--7 mm c.r. length). The authors correlate the necrotic zones mentioned with the inductive functions of the notochord.
Subject(s)
Embryo, Mammalian/physiology , Notochord/physiology , Spine/embryology , Acridine Orange , Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Morphogenesis , Pregnancy , Rabbits , Rats , Staining and LabelingABSTRACT
Fluorochromes (acridin orange, quinakrin, koriphosin, auramin) introduced into the embryonic or foetal blood stream induce in the normal areas of cell death an elective fluorescence, as attested by experiments carried out on chick and rat embryos and foetuses. This vital method may serve as an experimental model for investigations concerning the transfer from the mother to the embryo or foetus of teratogenic substances as well as of their persistance and distribution--under certain experimental conditions--within the organism of the embryo or foetus.
