Efecto de la Biomodulina T sobre las infecciones respiratorias altas y la polifarmacia del anciano / Biomoduline T effect in upper respiratory infections and geriatric patients' polypharmacy

Introducción: la Biomodulina T (BM T) es un medicamento natural compuesto por hormonas del timo de naturaleza polipeptídica, obtenido por un procedimiento original, que tiene un efecto inmunomodulador, caracterizado por la inducción de la diferenciación de linfocitos T y carece de toxicidad, no produciendo alteraciones en los órganos y tejidos ni interferencia negativa en las funciones de los sistemas fundamentales. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la Biomodulina T en presentación homeopática en las infecciones respiratorias altas y la polifarmacia del anciano. Material y Métodos: se realizó un Ensayo Clínico Controlado, fase II, aleatorizado y abierto en el Centro de Investigaciones sobre Longevidad, Envejecimiento y Salud, durante el período comprendido entre 2008 y 2009. Se incluyeron 100 sujetos, que dieron su consentimiento informado. Los pacientes se distribuyeron en dos grupos de igual tamaño; uno, recibió el tratamiento en estudio y el otro, el tratamiento control. La variable principal de respuesta fue la incidencia de infecciones respiratorias altas, durante y después del tratamiento. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico Epidat versión 3,1.Resultados: fue representativo el grupo de edad comprendido entre los 70 y 79 años para 41,3 por ciento en los casos y 49,0 por ciento en los controles, así como el sexo femenino (54,4 por ciento y 53,1 por ciento, respectivamente), la prevalencia de gripe se redujo al final del tratamiento a 45,7 por ciento en el grupo casos y a 39,8 por ciento en el grupo control; el consumo de medicamentos fue menor al final de cada etapa, donde consumían 5 medicamentos sólo 19,6 por ciento de los casos y 16,3 por ciento de los controles.Conclusiones: la Biomodulina T en presentación farmacéutica tuvo buen efecto terapéutico en la reducción y severidad de las infecciones respiratorias altas, y logró disminuir los ingresos hospitalarios por esta causa y la polifarmacia(AU)

Introduction: Biomoduline T (BM T) is a natural medication composed by Thyroid hormones that are natural polypeptides. These hormones are obtained by an original method that has an immunomodulator effect, characterized by the induction of the differentiation of T lymphocytes, the lack of toxicity, not producing neither alterations in organs or tissues, nor negative interference in the functions of the fundamental systems.Objective: aging and Health with the aim of evaluating the effect of homeopathic presentation of Biomoduline T in upper respiratory infections and the polypharmacy in geriatric patients. Material and Method: a controlled open and randomized clinical trial, phase II was performed during 2008 and 2009 at the Research Center on Longevity. One hundred patients previously given their informed consent were included in the trial. They were divided into two groups; one received the study treatment and the other the control treatment. The primary response in patients following the control treatment was the incidence and severity of respiratory infection during and after the treatment. The statistical package version 3.1 Epidat was used. Results: the age average was between 70 and 79 years old, 41,3 percent in the cases and 49,0 percent in the controls. The female sex predominated in both groups, (54,4 percent y 53,1 percent respectively). The flu prevalence decreased at the end of the treatment to 45,7 percent in the cases group and to 39,8 percent in the control group. There were fewer drugs intake at the end of each stage. Only five medications were taken by the 19,6 percent of the cases and the 16,3 percent of the controls. Conclusions: the pharmaceutical presentation of Biomoduline T had a good therapeutic effect in the reduction of upper respiratory infections, decreasing hospital admissions for this cause, and drugs intake(AU)

Stimulation of the basolateral amygdala improves the acquisition of a motor skill.

PURPOSE: We have previously shown that the stimulation of limbic structures related to affective life such as the amygdale can improve and reinforce neural plastic processes related to hippocampus-dependent forms of explicit memory, as spatial memory and LTP. We now assessed whether this effect is restricted to the mentioned structure and memory type, or represents a more general form of modulatory influence. METHODS: Young, male Sprague Dawley rats were implanted stereotactically with one electrode in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and trained to acquire a motor skill using their right anterior limb. A group of animals received 3 trains of 15 impulses at the BLA 15 minutes after each daily training session. A second group of implanted animals was handled in the same way, but not stimulated, while a third group was not implanted. After reaching the training criterion the left motor cortex was mapped by the observation of the movements induced by stimuli applied in discrete points of the cortex. RESULTS: Cortical representation of the anterior limb was increased in all trained animals, showing that the motor cortex is involved in the acquisition of the new skill. Animals receiving stimulation of the BLA showed similar cortical changes, but learned faster than non-stimulated controls. CONCLUSIONS: Reinforcement of neural plasticity by the activation of the amygdala is not restricted to hippocampus-dependent explicit memory, but it might represent a universal mechanism to modulate plasticity.

Post-training stimulation of the basolateral amygdala improves spatial learning in rats with lesion of the fimbria-fornix.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the capacity of amygdala stimulation to improve neural plasticity in animals bearing lesions of the fimbria-fornix (FF) system. METHODS: The animals were lesioned under narcosis (chloral hydrate, 420 mg/kg ip.) using a bilateral transection of the FF procedure. During the same surgery some animals were implanted with an electrode in the right basolateral amygdala (BLA) to allow the electrical stimulation of this structure. Training was carried out one week after surgery using a Morris water maze. Animals were trained in four consecutive days (8 trials/day) in the non-visible platform condition except in the fourth day in which only 4 trials were performed followed by a probe trial in which the escape platform was removed. On day 5 of training 8 trials with visible platform were performed. After each of the first 3 training days one group of animals received trains of electrical stimulation to the BLA, while control groups were not stimulated. A group of non-lesioned animals served as control. The location of the electrode was confirmed histologically after the end of the experiments. RESULTS: The learning capacity of the lesioned animals was improved by the electrical stimulation of the amygdala. The latency to find the submerged platform within this group approaches that of the non lesioned animals in the course of training (2-way ANOVA with repeated measures), while other lesioned animals continued to show severely impaired learning abilities. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first evidence that stimulating the BLA can positively influence the learning abilities of lesioned animals. Further experiments should contribute to improve the stimulation paradigms to make it more effective, if possible.