Subject(s)
Brain Stem Neoplasms/therapy , Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma/therapy , Social Media , Child , HumansABSTRACT
PURPOSE: In vivo efficacy of two herbal extracts of Gloriosa superba L. (Colchicaceae) was investigated in a murine pancreatic tumor model by tumor volume measurements and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging using 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-d-glucose ((18)F-FDG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A crude extract of G. superba (GS) seeds rich in colchicine and a colchicine-poor extract (GS2B) containing mostly colchicoside as a putative prodrug were prepared. PANC02-bearing C57BL/6 mice were treated with either placebo, gemcitabine, or one of the extracts (three different doses) for 10 days. Tumor volume measurements were performed daily during treatment and additionally (18)F-FDG Positron emission tomography/computed tomography was acquired at baseline and after 7 days of treatment. Ki-67 and cleaved caspase-3 immunostaining was performed on the resected tumors. RESULTS: After 7 days of treatment, a dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition of both extracts was observed with the highest in vivo response at the highest dose of GS and GS2B and gemcitabine. A positive significant correlation was found between Ki-67 scores and relative tumor volumes (RTV), and a negative significant correlation between caspase-3 staining scores and RTV. A decrease in (18)F-FDG uptake was clearly observed in all treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: The therapeutic efficacy of the two different herbal extracts was demonstrated in an in vivo pancreatic tumor model. (18)F-FDG PET was able to detect an early response as overall lower (18)F-FDG uptake was measured in the treated groups.
Subject(s)
Colchicine/analogs & derivatives , Colchicine/pharmacology , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/metabolism , Liliaceae/chemistry , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Animals , Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology , Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives , Deoxycytidine/pharmacology , Drug Synergism , Female , High-Throughput Screening Assays , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism , Radiopharmaceuticals/metabolism , Seeds/chemistry , Toxicity Tests, Acute , Tumor Cells, Cultured , Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays , GemcitabineABSTRACT
The extracts of two medicinal plants used in traditionalmedicine against malariawere characterized by means of an LCSPENMR and LCMS platform. The structure of a series of major constituents from Bafodeya benna, as well as minor constituents from Ormocarpum kirkii, was determined. Bafodeya benna was found to contain (2R,3R)-taxifolin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside or astilbin, and its isomers neoastilbin, neoisoastilbin, and isoastilbin, as well as quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside. From Ormocarpum kirkii, a series of known flavonoids and biflavonoids was obtained, as well as three new compounds, i.e., 7,7''-di-O-ß-D-glucosyl-(−)-chamaejasmin, 7-O-ß-D-glucosyl-(I-3,II-3)-biliquiritigenin, and isovitexin-(I-3,II-3)-naringenin. The isolated constituents may explain, at least in part, the traditional use against malaria. LCSPENMR, in combination with LCMS, is a powerful tool for the fast characterization of plant extracts, in order to define priorities at an early stage of a fractionation procedure. In addition, herbal medicinal products can completely be characterized, both with regard to their major as well as their minor constituents.
