ABSTRACT
Three model hydantoin-based universal peptidomimetics were designed and synthetized. Their preferred amphiphilic ß-turn conformation was assessed using molecular modeling and NMR experiments, and their antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains, which demonstrated that these compounds could be a captivating class of antibiotics to fight emergent drug resistance.
ABSTRACT
The synthesis of a collection of enantiomerically pure, systematically substituted hydantoins as structural privileged universal mimetic scaffolds is presented. It relies on a chemoselective condensation/cyclization domino process between isocyanates of quaternary or unsubstituted α-amino esters and N-alkyl aspartic acid diesters followed by standard hydrolysis/coupling reactions with amines, using liquid-liquid acid/base extraction protocols for the purification of the intermediates. Besides the nature of the α carbon on the isocyanate moiety, either a quaternary carbon or a more flexible methylene group, conformational studies in silico (molecular modeling), in solution (NMR, circular dichroism (CD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)), and in solid state (X-ray) showed that the presented hydantoin-based peptidomimetics are able to project their substituents in positions superimposable to the side chains of common protein secondary structures such as α-helix and ß-turn, being the open α-helix conformation slightly favorable according to molecular modeling, while the closed ß-turn conformation preferred in solution and in solid state.
