Vigilancia sindrómica de la gripe en atención primaria, un instrumento complementario a las redes centinelas para períodos de elevada incidencia de gripe / Syndromic surveillance of Influenza-like illness in primary care: a complement to the sentinel surveillance network for periods of increased incidence of Influenza

Objetivo: La información epidemiológica de Influenza es básica para la gestión de recursos en los períodos de mayor incidencia en la población. Pero no siempre resulta accesible en tiempo real. El objetivo del presente estudio fue valorar el uso de un sistema de vigilancia sindrómica para la gripe en atención primaria (ILIsPC) y su grado de acuerdo con los datos epidemiológicos de la Red Centinela de Gripe. Emplazamiento: Centros de salud y servicios de urgencias extrahospitalarios de toda la Comunidad Autónoma de las Illes Balears. Participantes: Se incluyeron datos de 122 semanas epidemiológicas para cada uno de los sistemas valorados. Mediciones principales: Se compararon datos entre el 1 de enero de 2007 y el 31 de enero de 2010. Las tasas de ILIsPC se obtuvieron de los diagnósticos registrados en las consultas de atención primaria y en los servicios de urgencias extrahospitalarios, las de Red Centinela de los informes epidemiológicos. Se realizó el coeficiente de correlación intraclase y la representación gráfica de Bland y Altman. Resultados: Se observó un muy buen grado de acuerdo entre ambas medidas, con coeficiente de correlación intraclase de 0,88 (IC 95%: 0,83-0,91). Tras aplicar la representación gráfica de Bland y Altman se apreció una mayor precisión entre ambas tasas en los momentos de mayor incidencia de gripe. Conclusiones: Creemos que un sistema de vigilancia sindrómica, basado en la historia electrónica de atención primaria, permite acceder en tiempo real a la información, muy útil especialmente en los períodos de elevada incidencia de gripe como los períodos epidémicos o la pasada pandemia(AU)

Objective: Epidemiological data on influenza is essential for resource management when the incidence of the disease in the population is very high, but not easily available in real-time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a syndromic surveillance system for influenza-like illness in Primary Care (ILIsPC) and assess its level of agreement with the epidemiological data from the Influenza Sentinel Network. Localization: Health centres and deputising medical services in the Balearic Islands. Participants: Data from 122 epidemiological weeks for each system were included. Main measures: Data from January 1, 2007 to January 31, 2010 were compared. ILIsPC rates were obtained from the diagnoses registered in electronic health records of Primary Care clinics and deputising medical services. Data from Sentinel Network were obtained from weekly epidemiological reports. Intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated and Bland - Altman plot constructed. Results: There was good agreement between both measures, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83-0.91). After constructing a Bland-Altman plot, the precision between both rates was greater during the periods of the highest influenza incidence. Conclusions: We believe that the syndromic surveillance system ILIsPC, provides access to very useful data in real-time, especially during periods of high influenza incidence, such as during epidemics or the recent pandemic(AU)

[Syndromic surveillance of Influenza-like illness in primary care: a complement to the sentinel surveillance network for periods of increased incidence of Influenza]. / Vigilancia sindrómica de la gripe en atención primaria, un instrumento complementario a las redes centinelas para períodos de elevada incidencia de gripe.

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological data on influenza is essential for resource management when the incidence of the disease in the population is very high, but not easily available in real-time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a syndromic surveillance system for influenza-like illness in Primary Care (ILIsPC) and assess its level of agreement with the epidemiological data from the Influenza Sentinel Network. LOCALIZATION: Health centres and deputising medical services in the Balearic Islands. PARTICIPANTS: Data from 122 epidemiological weeks for each system were included. MAIN MEASURES: Data from January 1, 2007 to January 31, 2010 were compared. ILIsPC rates were obtained from the diagnoses registered in electronic health records of Primary Care clinics and deputising medical services. Data from Sentinel Network were obtained from weekly epidemiological reports. Intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated and Bland - Altman plot constructed. RESULTS: There was good agreement between both measures, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83-0.91). After constructing a Bland-Altman plot, the precision between both rates was greater during the periods of the highest influenza incidence. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the syndromic surveillance system ILIsPC, provides access to very useful data in real-time, especially during periods of high influenza incidence, such as during epidemics or the recent pandemic.

[Site of care provision, etiology and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in Palma de Mallorca]. / Lugar de atención, etiología y tratamiento de las neumonías adquiridas en la comunidad de Palma de Mallorca.

BACKGROUND: It is not common that community-acquired pneumonias studies include patients non treated in hospital. The objectives were: to determine the cases managed in the ambulatory setting; to describe the clinical features; to identify the aetiological agents, and to describe the treatment, comparing inpatients with outpatients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational prospective study. Population attended at three teaching primary care centers of Palma de Mallorca (60,450 habitants). Patients (> 14 years) were investigated when diagnosticated of community-acquired pneumoniae, from November 1992 to December 1994. Exclussions: HIV infection, patients living in a nursing home and tuberculosis. Data were collected in both Hospital and primary health care centers. Epidemiological, clinical, radiological and laboratory findings were recorded at the initial visit and 21 days after. RESULTS: 91 cases were investigated. 57% were managed at the primary care centers exclusively, 63.3% of the patients who went initially to the hospital were admitted in; but only 10.9% of those who went initially to the primary care centers (p < 0.005). 24 patients were hospitalized. 56 microbiological agents were identified in 48 patients (52.7%): Mycoplasma pneumoniae (10); Streptococcus pneumoniae (9); Influenza B (8); Chlamydia psittacci (7); Influenza A (7); Coxiella burnetii (5); Chlamydia pneumoniae (4); Legionella (3); Adenovirus (2); and Parainfluenza 3 (1). Mycoplasma was predominant in outpatients: 9 cases. S. pneumoniae in inpatients: 5 cases. Eritromycin was the most common treatment prescribed (76.9% of patients), alone or in combination with other antibiotics. Monotherapy was most common at primary care yield (96.7%) than at the hospital (45.2%) (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients with community-acquired pneumonias are managed at primary health care centers. M. pneumoniae is the predominant microbiological agent in outpatients and S. pneumoniae in inpatients. Erithromycin is the most used antibiotic in both groups of patients.