ABSTRACT
Los objetivos del estudio fueron: a) determinar si había diferencias en la semiología depresiva según la clase social (CS); b) averiguar si estas diferencias, en caso de existir, se debían fundamentalmente a la CS o más bien a otras variables clínicas o sociodemográficas. Se estudiaron 140 pacientes ambulatorios de Galicia con el CET-DE, el 61 por ciento rurales, diagnosticados de depresión según criterios DSM-III-R. Se elaboró una escala de CS a partir de la ocupación del cabeza de familia, los ingresos familiares y los estudios del paciente. Los pacientes de los niveles inferiores de CS referían con mayor frecuencia síntomas físicos y ansiedad; y los de las superiores, deterioro cognitivo y culpa. En el análisis logístico se observó que las variables socioeconómicas y la residencia eran las que en mayor medida explicaban estas diferencias (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Anxiety/psychology , Guilt , Social Conditions , Educational Status , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Se elaboró una escala de cinco niveles de clase social con la ocupación del cabeza de familia, el nivel de estudios del paciente y los ingresos familiares. Los objetivos del estudio fueron determinar si la clase social elaborada es representativa de los factores socioeconómicos y útil para el estudio de las diferencias clínicas en pacientes con depresión en Galicia.Se estudiaron 140 pacientes diagnosticados de depresión (DSM-III-R), 60,7 por ciento del medio rural. La escala de clase social se asoció de forma significativa con todas las variables e indicadores socioeconómicos (p <0,001), excepto con la proporción entre dormitorios y personas.La clase social elaborada y los estudios, fueron las variables con las que mayores diferencias clínicas se apreciaron.La escala de clase social elaborada cumplió los objetivos para los que fue diseñada. Al estudiar la clase social en pacientes con depresión es preferible utilizar una escala multidimensional (AU)
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Depression , Social Class , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Induced psychotic disorder is infrequent. We report a case in which three members of the same family were affected. We analyzed certain etiological factors, family relationship and social and environmental conditions.
Subject(s)
Shared Paranoid Disorder/psychology , Adult , Family , Female , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
El trastorno psicótico inducido es un cuadro clínico poco frecuente. Describimos un caso en el que están implicados tres miembros de una misma familia. Se analizan los factores etiológicos, la dinámica familiar y el entorno social en las psicosis inducidas (AU)
No disponible
Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Male , Female , Humans , Shared Paranoid Disorder , Interpersonal Relations , FamilyABSTRACT
Schizophrenia, a psychiatric disease that is highly prevalent among the general population, has polymorphic clinical manifestations at onset and during its evolution. The most frequent manifestations are an abrupt onset with positive symptoms, perception and thought disorders, which were included by Kurt Schneider in the first range symptoms. However, on other occasions the onset is insidious and the so-called negative symptoms are present, resulting in clinical manifestations that are similar to the state of absence and a less favorable patient prognosis. Since the last century when Kraepelin defined early dementia, various authors have tried to explain the nature of this disease, resulting in Bleauler's definition of the fundamental symptoms. A clinical case of hebephrenic schizophrenia is presented in which disorders in thought, affect and volition predominated. We discuss the psychopathological views of less well-known, but not for that reason less important, authors, such as Guirod and Dice, and the similarities and differences between their views and current classifications.
Subject(s)
Schizophrenia, Disorganized/diagnosis , Adult , Humans , Male , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Schizophrenia, Disorganized/psychology , SyndromeABSTRACT
Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) is a iatrogenic syndrome of involuntary movement that occur in association with chronic neuroleptic use. The diagnosis and ongoing assessment of TD severity is complicated by a host of methodological problems. Orofacial movements are most frequent, although other body areas, limbs, neck and trunk, may be involved. The prevalence for TD varies widely from study to study, the estimated average prevalence is a 20%. The pathophysiology of TD remains poorly understood despite the numerous theories have been proposed. One of the most consistently identified TD risk factors is age. This factor is independent of drug exposure although both are often confounded. Currently no consistency effective treatment has yet been found and the most important treatment consist of gradual neuroleptic drug-dose reduction and, where possible, complete withdrawal.
Subject(s)
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/physiopathology , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/epidemiology , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/therapy , HumansABSTRACT
The aim of the present study is the analysis of the family characteristics associated with suicide attempts among adolescents. Subjects were 54 adolescents aged 13-18 referred to hospital after a suicide attempt and 108 normal comparison adolescents. A case-control study design has been used and they have been matched by age, sex and socioeconomic status. Differences between groups are reported as Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval. The results in Odds Ratio are as follows: parental losses (OR = 19.00), mental illness in father (OR = 8.67), mental illness in mother (OR = 6.79), mental illness among brothers and sisters (OR = 3.28), poor membership relations (OR = 3.00), not living with both biological parents (OR = 8.06) and unsatisfactory familial adaptation (OR = 7.50). In conclusion, our findings highlight the importance of the familial risk factors and its implications to develop preventive programs for youngs at risk.
Subject(s)
Family/psychology , Psychology, Adolescent , Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adolescent Behavior , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is characterized by altered consciousness, fever, extrapyramidal signs and autonomic instability. Although originally described in patients receiving neuroleptic drugs, this syndrome may also occur in patients who were taking a wide variety of medications. It is a rare and potentially lethal idiosyncratic reaction that occurs after therapeutic rather than toxic doses of neuroleptics drugs and is unrelated to the duration of therapy. The implications of dopaminergic disturbances underlying the mental illnesses involved are considered. Treatment of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome involves, first of all, supportive measures and withdrawal of the neuroleptic drugs therapy.
Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome/etiology , Adult , Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology , Consciousness Disorders , Dopamine/metabolism , Humans , Incidence , Middle Aged , Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The locus of control (using I-E Rotter' Scale) maximum psychosocial adjustment level (according to Axis V of DSM-III) and other sociodemographic data were assessed in 31 patients with renal transplantation. 51.5% of the patient were not psychosocially adapted, and externality was the predominant locus of control. As far as psychosocial adjustment is concerned, no variation in the absolute as found in terms of Internality-Externality. Finally, there was a statistically significant correlation between some items of the Rotter' scale and psychosocial adjustment.
Subject(s)
Internal-External Control , Kidney Transplantation/psychology , Social Adjustment , Adaptation, Psychological , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
The most recent medical literature has emphasized the notion that catatonia is a syndrome rather than a disease and, on this basis it is associated with a wide variety of medical, neurological and psychiatric conditions. The authors report on five cases of catatonic patients with a favorable response to Lorazepam and analyze the possible mechanisms of action of this Benzodiazepine in catatonic syndrome.
Subject(s)
Catatonia/drug therapy , Lorazepam/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Catatonia/diagnosis , Catatonia/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Electroconvulsive Therapy , Female , Humans , Lorazepam/administration & dosage , Lorazepam/pharmacology , Male , Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Temporal Lobe/drug effectsABSTRACT
Variables obtained from statistical techniques of multivarying analysis, related to psychosocial adaptation of chronic renal patients on treatment were applies in order to construct an index for the probability of the psychosocial adaptation of chronic renal patients (I.P.P.A.C.R.P.). The probability of 1% adaptation determines correctly to 97% of the cases with high sensibility and specificness thus is convenient to wait for the crossed validation of other investigators.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Kidney Failure, Chronic/psychology , Social Adjustment , Adult , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Female , Humans , Male , Probability , Semantic DifferentialABSTRACT
101 patients being treated for end-stage renal failure were studied in order to get the variables that are involved with psychosocial adaptation. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was made using the psychosocial adaptation as a dependent variable, determined by the Axis V of the D.S.M-III. 40 patients were found socially-adapted and 61 were not. Nine variables were related with the psychosocial adaptation: marital status, religious belief, education level, occupation, means of transportation to get to the treatment center, self-image before the sickness, C factor of 16 PF, the age and the evaluation of treatment by the patient. From the statistical analysis and from the interpretation of sings and values of the related variables, the influence of them on the psychosocial adaptation was demonstrated.
