ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Neutropenic enterocolitis (NEC) is a well recognised clinical-pathological and life-threatening complication in patients suffering from several conditions, including solid and haematological malignancies or aplastic anaemia. OBJECTIVE: This review was aimed at evaluating overall NEC mortality rate, describing clinical diagnostic findings and therapeutical interventions reported in the literature and generating a hypothesis regarding factors influencing mortality and surgical intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An advanced search was made in Medline, Embase, Lilacs and Google. Additional strategies included manual search of specific journals. Reports were considered if they described case definition, inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: 275 cases were selected; 109 were from individual data and 40 from grouped data. Comparing data between case reports and case series revealed no significant differences related to mortality, surgical intervention, sex or age. Higher mortality (chi2 = 7.51 p = 0.006) was found in women (50%) compared to men (28%). No significant difference was found between antibiotic combinations and mortality (chi(2) = 12.85 df 13 p = 0.45). Mortality (chi2 = 3.89 df 1, p = 0.049), surgical intervention (chi2 = 7.64 df 1, p = 0.006) and duration of diarrhoea (chi2 = 4.71 df 1, p = 0.043) were significantly different in 26.4% of individuals using antifungal agents; death occurred in 81% of patients! who did not receive such medication compared to 19% individuals reported as being treated with antifungal agents. CONCLUSION: The current evidence suggests that antifungal agents should be used early in patients suffering from NEC. However, this hypothesis must be evaluated in multi-centric, randomised controlled trials.
Subject(s)
Enterocolitis, Neutropenic/mortality , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Case Management , Combined Modality Therapy , Enterocolitis, Neutropenic/diagnosis , Enterocolitis, Neutropenic/diagnostic imaging , Enterocolitis, Neutropenic/microbiology , Enterocolitis, Neutropenic/pathology , Enterocolitis, Neutropenic/therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mucositis/etiology , Neoplasms/complications , Neutropenia/chemically induced , Publishing , Radiography , Sex Factors , Treatment Outcome , Vomiting/etiologyABSTRACT
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Introduction. Neutropenic enterocolitis (NEC) is awell recognised clinical-pathological and life-threateningcomplication in patients suffering from severalconditions, including solid and haematologicalmalignancies or aplastic anaemia.Objective. This review was aimed at evaluatingoverall NEC mortality rate, describing clinical diagnosticfindings and therapeutical interventions reportedin the literature and generating a hypothesisregarding factors influencing mortality and surgicalintervention.Materials and methods. An advanced search wasmade in Medline, Embase, Lilacs and Google. Additionalstrategies included manual search of specificjournals. Reports were considered if they describedcase definition, inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results. 275 cases were selected; 109 were from individualdata and 40 from grouped data. Comparingdata between case reports and case series revealedno significant differences related to mortality, surgicalintervention, sex or age. Higher mortality (÷2 =7.51 p = 0.006) was found in women (50%) comparedto men (28%). No significant difference wasfound between antibiotic combinations and mortality(÷2 = 12.85 df 13 p = 0.45).Mortality (÷2 = 3.89 df 1, p = 0.049), surgical intervention(÷2 = 7.64 df 1, p = 0.006) and duration of diarrhoea(÷2 = 4.71 df 1, p = 0.043) were significantly differentin 26.4% of individuals using antifungal agents;death occurred in 81% of patients! who did not receivesuch medication compared to 19% individualsreported as being treated with antifungal agents.Conclusion. The current evidence suggests that antifungalagents should be used early in patients sufferingfrom NEC. However, this hypothesis must beevaluated in multi-centric, randomised controlledtrials
Subject(s)
Humans , Enterocolitis, Neutropenic/epidemiology , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/diagnosisSubject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Drug Therapy , Glutamine , Intestinal Mucosa , Venezuela , Medical OncologyABSTRACT
La primera descripción de leishmaniasis en América Latina fue hecha por Migone en 1913 y en Colombia en 1944 porAugusto Gast-Galvis. Hasta el momento, ha sido registrada en 88 países del mundo, donde ocurren anualmente alrededorde 12 millones de casos y existen aproximadamente 350 millones de personas en riesgo de contraer la enfermedad. En losúltimos cinco años, se han reportado alrededor de 6.500 casos nuevos en Colombia. Se realiza el recuento histórico del casode una mujer de 27 años con el diagnóstico de leishmaniasis vegetante centrofacial, tratada en 1935 con telecuriterapiaen el Instituto Nacional de Radium.
Subject(s)
Humans , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/history , Syphilis, Cutaneous/history , Skin Diseases , Skin UlcerABSTRACT
Internet y las bases de datos médicos son recursos que se encuentran en expansión. Actualmente, algunos registros como MEDLINE, CANCERLIT o la librería Cochrane permiten el acceso a un gran número de artículos médicos. Dentro de los objetivos esta describir y evaluar las características de los ensayos clínicos sobre cáncer encontrados en las bases de datos MEDLINE y CANCERLIT a partir de una muestra representativa de artículos. Materiales y métodos: Empleando la plataforma OVID se realizaron búsquedas estructuradas en las bases de datos MEDLINE y CANCERLIT usando el filtro diseñado para ensayos clínicos según la metodología propuesta por Dickersin y limitando la búsqueda a estudios publicados entre 1980 y 2002 que fueran indentificables utilizando las palabras clave cáncer, tumor, carcinoma y neoplasia. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron por categorías. Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 80.032 y 91.085 referencias en MEDLINE y CANCERLIT respectivamente. El 92.5 por ciento y el 95 por ciento de los artículos encontrados dentro de la muestra seleccionada estaban relacionados con cáncer; un 59 por ciento de las citas bibliográficas de MEDLINE y un 35,7 por ciento de las de CANCERLIT correspondieron a ensayos clínicos en los que el tipo de neoplasia más frecuente fue la hematológica y la fase II, la más relevante. Conclusiones:Este estudio muestra que la estrategia de búsqueda avanzada tiene un potencial limitado para identificar ensayos clínicos relacionados con cáncer en bases de datos generales como MEDLINE. Esta información revela las grandes restricciones de los motores de búsqueda de literatura médica debido a que cubren parcialmente el número de referencias indizadas. Proponemos desarrollar registros más especializados, como CANCERLIT, que permitan incrementar la especificidad de las búsquedas avanzadas.
