ABSTRACT
To investigate similarities in the gene profile of Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma that may justify a carcinogenic potential, we analyzed the gene expression signatures of Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in early and advanced stages. Based on gene expression data from public databases, we used a bioinformatics approach to compare expression profiles, estimate immune infiltrate composition, identify differentially and co-expressed genes, and propose putative therapeutic targets and associated drugs. Our results revealed gene expression patterns related to processes of keratinization, keratinocyte differentiation, cell proliferation and immune response in common between Oral Lichen Planus and early and advanced Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, with the cornified envelope formation and antigen processing cross-presentation pathways in common between Oral Lichen Planus and early Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Together, these results reveal that key tumor suppressors and oncogenes such as PI3, SPRR1B and KRT17, as well as genes associated with different immune processes such as CXCL13, HIF1A and IL1B are dysregulated in OLP.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Lichen Planus, Oral , Mouth Neoplasms , Humans , Mouth Neoplasms/genetics , Lichen Planus, Oral/genetics , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck , Oncogenes , Carcinogenesis/geneticsABSTRACT
The present study aimed to compare the oral Candida rate between infected and uninfected children with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as well as analyze the association between Candida spp. and predisposing factors of colonization, like oral biofilm index, caries experience, and laboratory markers of AIDS progression. A cross-sectional study was employed. Candida species were identified and quantified from saliva samples of 50 HIV-infected and 50 uninfected children. Biofilm index and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft/DMFT) indices were assessed by oral clinical examinations. Additionally, CD4+ T lymphocyte count and viral load were obtained from medical records of the HIV-infected children. Candida species were cultured from 74% of the HIV-infected children and 46% of uninfected ones (p = 0.0076). Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis were the most frequently isolated species in both studied groups. The isolation of Candida species was significantly higher in HIV-infected children with CD4 ≤ 15% (p = 0.0146); it had influence of mature oral biofilm and the caries index (dmft + DMFT ≥ 8) (p < 0.05) and was associated with the plasma viral load. The present data show that the HIV infection, oral biofilm index, caries experience, and laboratory markers of AIDS progression exert an influence on the prevalence of oral Candida in children.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Dental Caries , HIV Infections , Child , Humans , HIV Infections/complications , Candida , Cross-Sectional Studies , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Dental Caries Susceptibility , Biofilms , Biomarkers , Disease Progression , Dental Caries/complicationsABSTRACT
This review outlines the historical perspective, status, and future challenges of oral medicine (stomatology) in Brazil based on the records of the Brazilian Society of Stomatology and Oral Pathology (SOBEP) and the Brazilian Federal Dental Council as well as expert evidence input from academic leaders from 3 different generations of Brazilian oral medicine specialists. The beginning of oral medicine in Brazil dates to 1969, followed by the organization of SOBEP in 1974; however, official recognition as an independent specialty was achieved more recently within the Brazilian Federal Dental Council in 1992. After a 50-year maturation period of oral medicine in Brazil in terms of specialty crystallization across dentistry, medicine, and research, it is now time to follow the historical trends of the specialty internationally and establish a standard curriculum at a post-graduate level that will lead to uniformity of training for oral medicine in Brazil.
Subject(s)
Oral Medicine , Brazil , Curriculum , Dentists , Forecasting , HumansABSTRACT
Antiresorptive therapy is the main form of prevention of osteoporotic or fragility fractures. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a relatively rare but severe adverse reaction to antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs. Physicians and dentists caring for patients taking these drugs and requiring invasive procedures face a difficult decision because of the potential risk of MRONJ. The aim of this study was to discuss the risk factors for the development of MRONJ and prevention of this complication in patients with osteoporosis taking antiresorptive drugs and requiring invasive dental treatment. For this goal, a task force with representatives from three professional associations was appointed to review the pertinent literature and discuss systemic and local risk factors, prevention of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis, and management of established MRONJ. Although scarce evidence links the use of antiresorptive agents in the context of osteoporosis to the development of MRONJ, these agents are considered a risk factor for this complication. Despite the rare reports of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis, the severity of symptoms and impact of MRONJ in the patients' quality of life make it imperative for health care professionals to consider this complication when planning invasive dental procedures.
Subject(s)
Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw , Bone Density Conservation Agents , Oral Medicine , Osteoporosis , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/etiology , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/prevention & control , Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects , Brazil , Diphosphonates , Humans , Osteoporosis/chemically induced , Osteoporosis/drug therapy , Osteoporosis/prevention & control , Pathology, Oral , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) should be considered in differential diagnosis of intraoral clear cell tumors, including mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). OBJECTIVE AND STUDY DESIGN: We compared the clinical, histologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical characteristics of 9 oral metastatic CCRCCs and 8 intraoral clear cell MECs. RESULTS: Oral metastatic CCRCC affected salivary-gland containing tissues in 7 cases (78%). Microscopically, oral metastasis revealed a proliferation of neoplastic clear cells arranged in an alveolar pattern with central blood vessels, features that were not seen in any intraoral clear cell MEC. Mucicarmine staining was positive only in clear cell MEC. Immunohistochemistry showed similarities in cytokeratin expression; vimentin and CD10 were expressed in all oral metastatic CCRCCs but in only 1 clear cell MEC each. CONCLUSIONS: Besides clinical history, the alveolar pattern, vessel distribution, absence of mucicarmine staining, and vimentin and CD10 immunoexpression are useful in histologic differential diagnosis of CCRCC and clear cell MEC.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/secondary , Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/secondary , Mouth Neoplasms/secondary , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/blood supply , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid/blood supply , Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid/pathology , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/blood supply , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology , Carmine , Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure , Coloring Agents , Cytoplasm/ultrastructure , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Hemorrhage/pathology , Histocytochemistry , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Keratins/analysis , Male , Microvessels/pathology , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms/blood supply , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Neprilysin/analysis , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/blood supply , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/secondary , Vimentin/analysisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this investigation was to assess the prevalence of oral lichen planus (OLP) in Brazilian patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) from the state of Rio de Janeiro. STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 134 patients with HCV infection. The control group consisted of 95 individuals. All patients were physically examined for evidence of OLP. The diagnosis of OLP was established on the basis of usual clinical features and histological findings. RESULTS: The prevalence of OLP was 1.5% in patients with HCV infection and 1.1% in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P = .63). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that there is no association between OLP and HCV infection in Brazilian patients from the state of Rio de Janeiro.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis C/complications , Lichen Planus, Oral/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Analysis of Variance , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Linear Models , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Oral lichen planus lesions can cause discomfort, pain, and a burning sensation. Therefore, all professionals who deal with the oral cavity must be aware of all the therapeutic options for it. This article presents a review of the literature on oral lichen planus, focusing on its treatment, and also discusses the important and controversial potential for the evolution of oral lichen planus into epidermoid carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic , Lichen Planus, Oral/drug therapy , Lichen Planus, Oral/pathology , HumansABSTRACT
This article presents a review of the literature on oral lichen planus, focusing on important aspects of its epidemiology, etiopathogeny, and clinical manifestations. The oral form is an important clinical presentation of lichen planus. It may precede or accompany the skin lesions, or it may be the only manifestation of the disease. Dermatologists, dentists, otorhinolaryngologists, and other specialists who deal with the oral cavity must be aware of this disease so they can diagnose, treat, and keep these patients under observation.
Subject(s)
Lichen Planus, Oral/diagnosis , Lichen Planus, Oral/epidemiology , Biopsy, Needle , Female , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Incidence , Lichen Planus, Oral/etiology , Lichen Planus, Oral/immunology , Male , Prognosis , Risk Assessment , Severity of Illness Index , Sex DistributionABSTRACT
O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso clínico de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 13 anos de idade, que apresentava uma lesão de aspecto ulcerado na mucosa do palato duro. Não havia histórico de trauma e a lesão não desapareceu após o uso de antiinflamatório tópico. Foi realizada biópsia excisional, sendo o laudo histopatológico compatível com o fenômeno de extravasamento de muco. Um mês após, a lesão recidivou e nova cirurgia foi realizada com maior margem. O diagnóstico histopatológico foi o mesmo verificado na cirurgia anterior
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Mucocele , Palate , Mouth MucosaABSTRACT
Candida yeasts frequently cause life-threatening systemic infections in immunocompromised hosts. In the present study, gelatin-SDS-PAGE analysis was used to characterize extracellular proteinases in 44 oral clinical isolates of Candida albicans from HIV-positive (29/50) and healthy children (15/50). Our survey indicates that these oral clinical isolates of C. albicans have complex extracellular proteolytic activity profiles, which illustrates the heterogeneity of this species. We showed four distinct proteolytic patterns composed of distinct serine (30-58 kDa) and metalloproteinase (64-95 kDa) activities, based on the inhibition profile with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and 1,10-phenanthroline, respectively. This is the first report on secreted serine and metalloproteinases present in the culture supernatant fluids of C. albicans; however, we did not observe a significant correlation between proteolytic profile expressed by the C. albicans isolates from HIV-positive children and CD4(+) T cell count and plasma viral load.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Candida albicans/enzymology , Candidiasis, Oral/microbiology , Metalloproteases/metabolism , Serine Endopeptidases/metabolism , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Candida albicans/classification , Candida albicans/growth & development , Candida albicans/isolation & purification , Child , Child, Preschool , Culture Media, Conditioned , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/virology , HIV-1/physiology , Humans , Infant , Metalloproteases/classification , Serine Endopeptidases/classification , Viral LoadABSTRACT
Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisäo da literatura da displasia fibrosa nos maxilares, apresentando os seus principais aspectos clínicos, radiográficos, histopatológicos, assim como as diferentes possibilidades de tratamento e o prognóstico desta condiçäo. Adicionalmente säo relatados dois casos do Departamento de Patologia e Diagnóstico Oral da FO/UFRJ, que estäo sendo acompanhados pelos autores
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic/diagnosis , Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic/etiology , Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic/pathology , Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic , Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic/therapy , Maxilla/pathologyABSTRACT
A literatura consultada refere-se à displasia ectodérmica hereditária (hipohidrótica e hidrótica) como uma síndrome rara que acomete tecidos derivados do ectoderma apresentando-se estes aplásicos ou hipoplásicos, com vários graus de expressividade. Os portadores apresentam hipohidrose, hipodontia e hipotricose, com "facies" característica, como nos portadores do tipo hidrótica. O presente trabalho visa relatar e discutir três casos de displasia ectodérmica ocorridos em uma mesma família, enfatizando o grau de manifestação e transmissibilidade vertical. Os diversos achados clínicos são mostrados, evidenciando sua importância na Odontologia Holística onde o paciente deve ser visto como um ser bio-psico-social, bem como é dada ênfase à responsabilidade dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas em seu diagnóstico, encaminhamento aos serviços especializados para possível tratamento de reabilitação oral, cariotipia e aconselhamento genético
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Ectodermal Dysplasia/genetics , Ectodermal Dysplasia/pathology , Tooth Abnormalities/pathologyABSTRACT
A Displasia Ectodérmica caracteiza-se por ser uma anomalia hereditária, cujas manifestações clínicas compreendem alterações em estruturas de origem ectodérmica, principalmente cabelos, unhas, dentes e pele. Os autores relatam quatro casos com uma baixa expressividade dessa anomalia, em indivíduos de uma mesma família
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Ectodermal Dysplasia , Tooth AbnormalitiesABSTRACT
Os autores tecem considerações a respeito da hemihipertrofia do tipo complexo, juntamente com a descrição de um caso clínico
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Congenital Abnormalities , Facial Asymmetry , Hypertrophy , SyndromeABSTRACT
Manual de prática cotidiana relativo às principais manifestacões bucais da AIDS e do controle de infeccões na clínica odontológica (FHS)
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Equipment Contamination , Occupational Risks , Oral Health , Bacterial Infections , Blood , Candidiasis, Oral , Disinfection/methods , HIV Infections , Mouth Diseases , Mouth Neoplasms , Virus DiseasesABSTRACT
Manual de prática cotidiana relativo às principais manifestaçöes bucais da AIDS e do controle de infecçöes na clínica odontológica (FHS)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Equipment Contamination/prevention & control , Occupational Risks , Oral Health , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control , Bacterial Infections , Blood , Candidiasis, Oral , Disinfection/methods , HIV Infections , Mouth Diseases , Mouth Neoplasms , Virus DiseasesSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dentistry , Mouth Diseases , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Manual de prática cotidiana relativo às principais manifestacões bucais da AIDS e do controle de infeccões na clínica odontológica (FHS)
