ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of personality factors in postnatal depression. A prospective ex post facto design was carried out. The sample consisted of 116 women, recruited in their first trimester of pregnancy and followed up until four months postpartum. The instruments used were the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to assess postpartum depression and the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) to analyze personality traits. Socio-demographic variables (age, parity, educational level, employment status, and planning of pregnancy) and clinical variables (neonatal Apgar score and mode of delivery) were also taken into account. We performed a regression analysis observing that neuroticism was the only factor that predicted depressive symptoms, explaining 23.8% of the variance. We found no interaction effect of sociodemographic or clinical variables. Neuroticism significantly influences psychological health, in life events such as motherhood. Due to its stable condition, personality could be assessed from the beginning of pregnancy, contributing to the care of pregnant women with high scores in neuroticism, to prevent, detect and treat early postnatal depression
El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la influencia de los factores de personalidad y los síntomas depresivos antenatales en la depresión puerperal. Se elaboró un diseño ex post facto prospectivo, con una asignación voluntaria de los sujetos. La muestra se compuso de 116 mujeres, captándose en el primer trimestre de embarazo y terminando el estudio a los cuatro meses postparto. Los instrumentos de medición empleados fueron la escala Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) para evaluar la depresión postparto, el NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) para analizar la personalidad y la subescala de depresión del Symptoms Check List 90-R (SCL 90-R) para valorar la depresión en el embarazo. Se tuvieron en cuenta variables sociodemográficas (edad, paridad, nivel de estudios, situación laboral, y planificación de embarazo) y clínicas (Apgar neonatal y tipo de parto). Se encontró una relación positiva entre la depresión post-parto y los síntomas depresivos durante la gestación, sin embargo tras realizar un análisis de regresión se vio que el neuroticismo era el único factor que predecía los síntomas depresivos post-parto, explicando un 24.8% de la varianza. El neuroticismo influye considerablemente en la salud psicológica ante acontecimientos vitales como es la maternidad. Debido a su condición estable, la personalidad podría evaluarse desde el inicio del embarazo, incidiendo en la atención de aquellas mujeres con un rasgo predominante de neuroticismo para prevenir, detectar y tratar precozmente la depresión puerperal
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology , Depressive Disorder/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Personality Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Risk Adjustment/methodsABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la influencia de las diferentes estrategias de afrontamiento en las preocupaciones específicas de embarazo. Se evaluó a una muestra formada por 286 gestantes en su primera mitad de embarazo, a las que se administró el Cuestionario de Afrontamiento al Estrés, y la Cambridge Worry Scale. Además se recogieron variables sociodemográficas (edad, nivel de estudios, embarazos previos, situación laboral y planificación de embarazo). Se observó una relación significativa entre las preocupaciones del embarazo y las estrategias de autofocalización negativa, expresión emocional abierta y evitación. El análisis de regresión evidenció una influencia significativa de la estrategia de autofocalización negativa y la paridad sobre las preocupaciones del embarazo. Estos resultados sugieren que un afrontamiento caracterizado por una percepción de incapacidad para manejar las situaciones, tiene un efecto negativo en la condición psicológica de la gestante. La experiencia de un parto previo podría atenuar este efecto. De este modo, se destaca la importancia de la atención psicológica en la embarazada, con la finalidad de que, desde el inicio de la gestación, y especialmente en primíparas, se desarrollen recursos para adaptarse a la nueva situación y mejorar la salud de la mujer (AU)
The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of the different coping strategies on specific pregnancy-related worries. We assessed a sample comprised of 285 pregnant women during the first half of pregnancy who underwent the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, and the Cam-bridge Worry Scale. In addition, sociodemographic variables were collected (age, education, prior pregnancies, occupational situation and pregnancy planning). We observed a significant relationship between pregnancy-related worries and negative auto-focused coping, overt emotional expression coping and avoidance coping. Regression analysis revealed a significant influence of negative auto-focused coping and number of children on pregnancy-related worries. These results suggest that coping characterised by perception of incapacity to handle situations has a negative effect on the pregnant womans psychological condition. The experience of a prior birth could reduce this effect. Therefore, we highlight the importance of psychological care for the pregnant woman with the purpose of, from the onset of gestation and especially in women pregnant for the first time, developing resources to adapt to the new situation and improve womens health (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy/psychology , Pregnant Women/psychology , Stress, Physiological/physiology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Health Services/standards , Health Services , Surveys and Questionnaires , Prenatal Care/methods , Prenatal Care/psychologyABSTRACT
The aim of this research was to analyze the relation between coping strategies and somatic symptomatology in pregnant Spanish women and the influence of a previous miscarriage on these variables. We used a correlational retrospective design, which included 207 expectant mothers (44 with a previous miscarriage). The instruments included a questionnaire on coping with stress and questions about first-trimester symptoms. Regression analysis showed a significant positive relationship between sleep disturbances and overt emotional expression coping, between tiredness/fatigue and avoidance coping, and between nausea and religious coping. The influence of coping strategies on somatic symptomatology did not differ significantly between women who had had or had not had a previous miscarriage, although women with a previous miscarriage scored higher on the use of religious coping and positive reappraisal and reported more nausea.
