ABSTRACT
The concentrations of 211At and 125I were measured in various tissues in nude mice bearing xenografts of human thyroid tissue (fetal and malignant). The relative concentration of the two halogens was obtained at 4 and 24 h after injection. Samples were taken of the host blood, muscle and thyroid gland and the grafted tissues. The mouse thyroid concentrated 125I more efficiently than 211At but the human grafts concentrated both halogens about equally.
Subject(s)
Astatine/analysis , Iodine Radioisotopes/analysis , Thyroid Gland/analysis , Thyroid Neoplasms/analysis , Adenocarcinoma/analysis , Animals , Astatine/administration & dosage , Autoradiography , Carcinoma/analysis , Fetus , Humans , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Iodine Radioisotopes/administration & dosage , Male , Mice , Mice, Nude , Thyroid Gland/transplantationSubject(s)
Internationality , Nuclear Warfare , Physicians , Dissent and Disputes , Government Regulation , Group Processes , Human Rights , Humans , TurkeyABSTRACT
A monoclonal antibody (RBU/01) was raised against human thyroglobulin and its suitability for the immunohistochemical staining of thyroglobulin was determined on fixed, wax-embedded tissue, using the peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) method. The antibody was then used to demonstrate the expression of human thyroglobulin in sections of a human follicular carcinoma of the thyroid which had been grown in immunodeficient mice. It is concluded that the immunohistochemical evaluation of the xenografts with the antibody provides useful information on this xenograft system as a potential model for thyroid carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/analysis , Neoplasm Transplantation , Thyroglobulin/analysis , Thyroid Neoplasms/analysis , Transplantation, Heterologous , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Histocytochemistry , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB CSubject(s)
Chewing Gum , Nicotine/therapeutic use , Smoking Prevention , Humans , Substance-Related DisordersABSTRACT
Single intraperitoneal doses of soluble 90Sr and monomeric 239Pu induced generalized lymphomatosis in laboratory mice. Leukaemogenesis due to soluble 226Ra was more uncertain. Clinical expression was variable, but as a generalization the disease was a lymphosarcoma with haematogenous (leukaemic) spread. Only rarely, unlike the commonly recorded forms of natural and X-ray-induced lymphosarcomas, was the thymus apparently the site of onset. The cell-type was lymphoblastic of undifferentiated null form (not T, not B). The average doses of alpha or beta radiation accumulated in the bone-marrow, the presumed site of induction, were at the time of diagnosis usually more than 2500 rad, but, if the cases occurring after radium or low activities of plutonium are accepted as induced, 300-1500 rad of alpha radiation. Mice converted to chimaeras only rarely exhibited any lymphoma, general or local. Abdominal lymphomas were not numerically increased by these radionucleides (perhaps due to shortening of life-span) though some may have been prematurely induced.
Subject(s)
Leukemia, Radiation-Induced , Lymphoma/etiology , Plutonium , Radium , Strontium Radioisotopes , Animals , Chimera/radiation effects , Female , Leukemia, Experimental/etiology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/etiology , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C3H , Mice, Inbred CBA , Neoplasms, Experimental/etiologySubject(s)
Community Health Services , Family Practice , Medical Records , Community Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Diagnostic Services/statistics & numerical data , Disability Evaluation , Drug Utilization , Education, Medical , England , Humans , Mortality , Physicians, Family/statistics & numerical data , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiologyABSTRACT
1. The daily losses from the skin of Ca and Na have been measured for two healthy men. The losses included Ca and Na in exfoliated skin cells as well as in insensible perspiration. The daily output of Ca in urine was also measured.2. In five measurements, the total daily skin loss of Ca ranged from 8.0 to 21.1 mg with mean values of 16.7 and 10.8 mg for the two subjects. The total daily skin loss of Na under the same conditions ranged from 45 to 146 mg with mean values of 97 and 77 mg respectively.3. The ratio of the daily skin loss to the urinary excretion of Ca was 6.8 and 3.4%.4. There was no correlation between the daily skin loss of Ca and atmospheric humidity.5. In the last experiment, the fraction of the total skin loss of Ca due to fluid secretion was assessed by giving an I.V. dose of (47)Ca to each subject. The values derived for this fraction were 0.37 and 0.38.
