ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The study of the tentorial notch can improve the understanding of brain injury mechanisms. Tentorial morphology has been analysed primarily in cadaveric studies. However, the postmortem effect can cause variability in the measurements. The objective was to evaluate the morphometry of the tentorial notch and the third cranial nerve on living subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed. Using consecutive cases, 60 MRI scans were analysed for tentorial notch morphology. Maximum notch width (MNW), notch length (NL), interpedunculoclival (IC) distance, apicotectal (AT) distance, third cranial nerve (CN-III) distance, and inter- CN-III angle, were obtained. For the classification of the tentorial notch quartile distribution technique for MNW, NL, AT distance, and IC distance were used. RESULTS: According to the quartile of the MNW, patients were stratified into narrow, midrange, and wide groups. Using the NL quartile groups, they were also classified as short, midrange, and long. With these, the tentorial notch could be classified into eight types. Statistical differences between genders in the MNW and inter-CN-III angle were found, as well as a strong positive correlation between NL and AT distance, and between right and left CN-III distances. CONCLUSIONS: There were differences between the cadaveric samples and living subjects in the CN-III distances. This difference could be explained by the dehydration of brain volume in the postmortem process which may cause nerve elongation. Morphometry of the tentorial notch and its neurovascular relations allows a better understanding of the mechanisms of brain herniation.
Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Humans , Male , Female , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , CadaverABSTRACT
The paper deals with the review done by the AA. about the microbiology of 135 acute diffuse external otitis cases, treated at their Department in one year term. In the series is emphasized the seasonal distribution, steadily uniform in the studied period, being the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans the paramount responsible for these otitis.
Subject(s)
Aspergillus niger/isolation & purification , Candida albicans/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Cocci/isolation & purification , Otitis Externa/microbiology , Female , Gram-Negative Bacteria/classification , Gram-Positive Cocci/classification , Humans , Male , Otitis Externa/etiology , SeasonsABSTRACT
170 external otitis have been diagnosed and treated for one year (1989) in our ENT department. The etiology of the otitis was both bacterial and mycotic. The purpose of this paper is to study the clinical, therapeutic, epidemiologic and microbiologic aspects of this type of otitis.
