Individualization of Pinus radiata Canopy from 3D UAV Dense Point Clouds Using Color Vegetation Indices.

The location of trees and the individualization of their canopies are important parameters to estimate diameter, height, and biomass, among other variables. The very high spatial resolution of UAV imagery supports these processes. A dense 3D point cloud is generated from RGB UAV images, which is used to obtain a digital elevation model (DEM). From this DEM, a canopy height model (CHM) is derived for individual tree identification. Although the results are satisfactory, the quality of this detection is reduced if the working area has a high density of vegetation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of color vegetation indices (CVI) in canopy individualization processes of Pinus radiata. UAV flights were carried out, and a 3D dense point cloud and an orthomosaic were obtained. Then, a CVI was applied to 3D point cloud to differentiate between vegetation and nonvegetation classes to obtain a DEM and a CHM. Subsequently, an automatic crown identification procedure was applied to the CHM. The results were evaluated by contrasting them with results of manual individual tree identification on the UAV orthomosaic and those obtained by applying a progressive triangulated irregular network to the 3D point cloud. The results obtained indicate that the color information of 3D point clouds is an alternative to support individualizing trees under conditions of high-density vegetation.

Elucidación del sitio de reacción de calyxaminas A y B en la acetilcolinesterasa y diseño de un fármaco derivado de calyxamina A y B potencialmente activo contra el Alzheimer, por medio de nanotecnología computacional / Elucidation of the site of reaction of calyxaminas A and B in the acetylcholinesterase and design of a drug derived from A calyxaminas and b potentially active against Alzheimer's, by means of computational nanotechnology

El objeto de este trabajo fue diseñar un potencial nuevo fármaco inhibidor de la enzima Acetilcolinesterasa, tomando como base para su diseño, las propiedades farmacofóricas de calyxaminas A y B y su sitio de enlace a la Acetilcolinesterasa, utilizando la innovadora técnica de Nanotecnología Computacional. Para ello, se utilizaron programas computacionales de última generación, que apoyan actualmente las investigaciones nanotecnológicas y bioinformáticas a nivel mundial como SYBYL, Autodock, Gaussian, VMD, UCFS Chimera y otros. Se elucidó el sitio de enlace de Calyxaminas A y B con la Acetilcolinesterasa y en base a este complejo construido virtualmente, se diseñaron miles de derivados que fueron completamente evaluados.