Path-dependence of the Plio-Pleistocene glacial/interglacial cycles.

We find strong path dependence in the evolution of the Plio-Pleistocene glaciations using CLIMBER-2 Earth System Model simulations from the mid-Pliocene to modern preindustrial (3 My-0 My BP) driven by a gradual decrease in volcanic carbon dioxide outgassing and regolith removal from basal ice interaction. Path dependence and hysteresis are investigated by alternatively driving the model forward and backward in time. Initiating the model with preindustrial conditions and driving the model backward using time-reversed forcings, the increase in volcanic outgassing back-in-time (BIT) does not generate the high CO2 levels and relatively ice-free conditions of the late Pliocene seen in forward-in-time (FIT) simulations of the same model. This behavior appears to originate from nonlinearities and initial state dependence in the carbon cycle. A transition from low-amplitude sinusoidal obliquity (~41 ky) and precession (~23 ky) driven glacial/interglacial cycles to high-amplitude ~100 ky likely eccentricity-related sawtooth cycles seen between -1.25 My and -0.75 My BP (the Mid-Pleistocene transition or "MPT") in FIT simulations disappears in BIT integrations depending on the details of how the regolith removal process is treated. A transition toward depleted regolith and lowered atmospheric CO2 levels are both required to reproduce the MPT.

Role of atmospheric resonance and land-atmosphere feedbacks as a precursor to the June 2021 Pacific Northwest Heat Dome event.

We demonstrate an indirect, rather than direct, role of quasi-resonant amplification of planetary waves in a summer weather extreme. We find that there was an interplay between a persistent, amplified large-scale atmospheric circulation state and soil moisture feedbacks as a precursor for the June 2021 Pacific Northwest "Heat Dome" event. An extended resonant planetary wave configuration prior to the event created an antecedent soil moisture deficit that amplified lower atmospheric warming through strong nonlinear soil moisture feedbacks, favoring this unprecedented heat event.

Enfermería Medioambiental: recuperando el vínculo con la salud reproductiva / Environmental Nursing: Recovering the link with the reproductive health / Enfermagem Ambiental: Recuperando a ligação com a saúde reproductiva

El período periconcepcional, embrionario/fetal y lactancia/crianza constituyen una de las ventanas de vulnerabilidad a exposiciones medioambientales más importante de la vida de un individuo. Enfermeras y matronas por su forma de entender el binomio salud/enfermedad ocupan un lugar estratégico para el desarrollo de tareas relacionadas con la salud medioambiental en general y durante estos periodos en particular. Diferentes asociaciones enfermeras, así como instituciones sanitarias internacionales instan a los profesionales de enfermería a ejercer tareas que permitan reconocer y manejar factores de riesgo medioambiental (riesgos físicos, químicos, biológicos, sociales y psicosociales) y a promover factores de protección en sus comunidades, en la pareja embarazada y en su descendencia. Existen experiencias enfermeras como la consulta de enfermería de salud medioambiental reproductiva y la hoja verde como herramienta clínica de cribado medioambiental que permiten, de manera sistemática y organizada, identificar, modificar y promover estilos de vida más sanos y más saludables. La capacitación de los profesionales de enfermería y el aumento de la conciencia medioambiental en los cuidados, tiene un impacto positivo en la calidad de los embarazos, su descendencia, sus familias y la comunidad que los rodea

The periconcepcional and prenatal periods, as well as breastfeeding and breeding periods, constitute the most important windows of vulnerability for environmental exposures. Midwifes and nurses have an specific and insight regarding the duality of health and illness. They are strategic health professionals to develop the environmental health approach during these vulnerable periods of life. International institutions and nursery asociations urge nurse professionals to recognise environmental risk factors (physicochemical, biologic and psychosocial) and to promotives factors in communities, during pregnancy and childhood. There are environmental health experiences, such as the use of "Green Page questionnaire" during the reproductive environmenral health assessment. This questionnaire is a sistematic screening that promotes healthier lifestyles. Incresing the general awareness about environmental health as well as health professionals further education have a positive impact in pregnancies, their offspring, families and communities in a broader perspective

O periconcepcional, período embrionário / fetal e amamentação / parentalidade constituem uma das mais importantes opções/ possibilidades de vulnerabilidade às exposições ambientais na vida de um indivíduo. Enfermeiras e parteiras, para sua compreensão do binômio saúde / doença, ocupam um lugar estratégico para o desenvolvimento de tarefas relacionadas à saúde ambiental em geral e durante esses períodos em particular. Diferentes associações de enfermagem, bem como instituições internacionais de saúde, eles pedem os profissionais de enfermagem a realizar tarefas que lhes permitam reconhecer e gerenciar os fatores de risco ambientais (físicos, químicos, biológicos, sociais e psicossociais) e promover fatores de proteção em suas comunidades, no casal grávido e sua prole. Há experiências de enfermeiros como a da consulta de enfermagem em saúde reprodutiva ambiental e a "Folha Verde" como ferramenta clínica de triagem ambiental que permite, de forma sistemática e organizada, identificar, modificar e promover estilos de vida mais saudáveis e saudáveis. A capacitação dos profissionais de enfermagem e o aumento da conscientização ambiental no cuidado têm impacto positivo na qualidade das gestações, seus filhos, suas famílias e a comunidade que os cerca