ABSTRACT
Due to the high prevalence of anxiety disorders and hypertension comorbidity in the general population, the establishment of anxiety as a risk factor for elevated blood pressure, or the reverse, is of great relevance. In this context, animal models can be of great scientific value, as they permit the control of several variables. Bearing this in mind, the influence of anxiety, not as a state, but as a personality trait (trait anxiety), on blood pressure elevation and vice versa were investigated for the first time in rats, using the free-exploratory paradigm (FEP). Sixty adult male Wistar rats were evaluated on FEP and categorized according to their levels of anxiety. From this sample, 24 animals with high (n=12) and low (n=12) trait anxiety were allocated to two treatment groups: (1) l-NAME (N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, 20mg/kg, p.o., for 7 days to increase blood pressure; n=6/anxiety category); (2) CTRL (tap water, p.o., for 7 days; n=6/anxiety category). During treatment, measurements of systolic blood pressure (SBP) were taken daily. After treatment, the animals were again tested on FEP. SBP and trait anxiety levels were compared pre- and post-treatment. Additionally, correlations between trait anxiety levels and SBP increases (l-NAME group) were analyzed. The results showed that l-NAME was able to induce significant SBP elevation, but only for the high-anxious animals, while SBP elevation did not significantly interfere with anxiety levels. A significant correlation between anxiety levels and SBP peaks in response to l-NAME was also shown. No differences were observed between the levels of anxiety before and after treatment. These findings suggest that individuals with high trait anxiety are more susceptible to increases in blood pressure, but that high blood pressure does not affect the levels of trait anxiety.
Subject(s)
Anxiety/psychology , Blood Pressure/drug effects , NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester/pharmacology , Animals , Hypertension/physiopathology , Hypertension/psychology , Male , Rats, Wistar , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) ë904 nm on healing of surgical wounds in rats. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups, underwent incision along the lines Alba covering skin, subcutaneous and muscle abdominal, sutured continuously for nylon 5-0. Eight and fifteen days after the surgery process, the repairing area was removed and histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin to assess cellularity inflammatory, Masson's Trichrome and Picrossirus to quantify the collagen fibers and immunohistochemical technique for counting newly formed vessels. The data were compared statistically using analysis of variance ANOVA, with a "post-hoc Tukey test, p <0.05. RESULTS: Low-level laser therapy reduced the intensity of the inflammatory reaction and influenced the dynamic of the immunoinflammatory response by inducing switching of the leukocyte infiltration pattern (neutrophilic to lymphoplasmacytic infiltration). Also stimulate the deposition and enhance the organization of collagen fibers, featuring a delicate collagen type III. Furthermore, it appeared to a significant increase in the average number of newly formed vessels (p = 0.00 and p = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy resulted in modulate of the inflammatory response, enhanced deposition of collagen fibers and increase in the average number of newly formed vessels.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da terapia laser de baixa potência (TLBP) ë904 nm na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em ratos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 40 ratos Wistar, machos, divididos em quatro grupos, submetidos à incisão na linha Alba abrangendo pele, subcutâneo e musculatura abdominal, suturados continuamente por fios de nylon 5-0. Oito e quinze dias após o procedimento cirúrgico, a área de reparo foi removida e os cortes histológicos foram corados com hematoxilina-eosina para avaliar celularidade do infiltrado inflamatório, Tricrômico de Masson e Picrosirius para quantificar as fibras de colágeno e técnica imuno-histoquímica para a contagem de vasos neoformados. Os dados foram comparados estatisticamente pela análise de variância ANOVA, com "teste de Tukey post-hoc, p <0,05. RESULTADOS: A terapia laser de baixa potência reduziu a intensidade da reação inflamatória e influenciou a dinâmica da resposta imuno por induzir a mudança do padrão de infiltração de leucócitos (neutrófilos a infiltração mononuclear). Como também estimula a deposição e melhora padrão organizacional das fibras colágenas, apresentando um delicado colágeno tipo III. Além disso, verificou-se um aumento significativo no número médio de vasos neoformados (p = 0,00 e p = 0,02, respectivamente). CONCLUSÃO: A terapia laser de baixa potência modula a resposta inflamatória, com melhor deposição de fibras colágenas e aumento do número médio de vasos neoformados.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats/classification , Low-Level Light Therapy , Wound Healing/immunology , Collagen/analysis , Inflammation/complicationsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) ë904 nm on healing of surgical wounds in rats. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups, underwent incision along the lines Alba covering skin, subcutaneous and muscle abdominal, sutured continuously for nylon 5-0. Eight and fifteen days after the surgery process, the repairing area was removed and histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin to assess cellularity inflammatory, Masson's Trichrome and Picrossirus to quantify the collagen fibers and immunohistochemical technique for counting newly formed vessels. The data were compared statistically using analysis of variance ANOVA, with a "post-hoc Tukey test, p <0.05. RESULTS: Low-level laser therapy reduced the intensity of the inflammatory reaction and influenced the dynamic of the immunoinflammatory response by inducing switching of the leukocyte infiltration pattern (neutrophilic to lymphoplasmacytic infiltration). Also stimulate the deposition and enhance the organization of collagen fibers, featuring a delicate collagen type III. Furthermore, it appeared to a significant increase in the average number of newly formed vessels (p = 0.00 and p = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy resulted in modulate of the inflammatory response, enhanced deposition of collagen fibers and increase in the average number of newly formed vessels.
