ABSTRACT
As doenças cardiovasculares se destacam entre idosos nonagenários e centenários, o que condiz com a literatura. O quadro demencial associado também tem grande relevância nesses pacientes, por consequinte os medicamentos para essas patologias são os mais utilizados. É importante se atentar à polifarmácia devido ao risco de iatrogenia. Por fim, apesar das comorbidades e baixa funcionalidade, a maioria recebe cuidados familiares (AU)
Subject(s)
Health of the Elderly , Health Services for the AgedABSTRACT
Foram analisados prontuários de 66 pacientes idosos nonagenários e centenários que internaram no serviço, sendo 42 (63,6%) mulheres e 24 (36,3%) homens. A média de idade foi de 93,81 anos + desvio padrão de 3,37. Somente 7,5% tinham idade acima de 100 anos. Em 75,5%, ocorreu uma única internação em 2008, 19,6% internaram 2 vezes e 4,5% mais de 3 internações. A média de dias internados foi de 18 dias + desvio padrão de 29,07. As principais causas de internação foram: ITU (27,2%), Broncopneumonia (24,2%) e Fraturas (16,6%). Somente 12,1% dos pacientes receberam suporte invasivo e 13,6% já estavam em cuidados paliativos. Úlceras de pressão foram identificados em 21,2% dos pacientes. A maioria tinha quadro demencial (51,5%) e dependência para ABVD's (60,6%). A alta hospitalar ocorreu em 63,6% e o número de óbitos foi de 36,3%, em que a principal causa encontrada foi Sepse (AU)
Subject(s)
Inpatients , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric AssessmentABSTRACT
As doenças cardiovasculares se destacam entre idosos nonagenários e centenários, o que condiz com a literatura. O quadro demencial associado também tem grande relevância nesses pacientes, por consequinte os medicamentos para essas patologias são os mais utilizados. É importante se atentar à polifarmácia devido ao risco de iatrogenia. Por fim, apesar das comorbidades e baixa funcionalidade, a maioria recebe cuidados familiares
Subject(s)
Health of the Elderly , Health Services for the AgedABSTRACT
Foram analisados prontuários de 66 pacientes idosos nonagenários e centenários que internaram no serviço, sendo 42 (63,6%) mulheres e 24 (36,3%) homens. A média de idade foi de 93,81 anos + desvio padrão de 3,37. Somente 7,5% tinham idade acima de 100 anos. Em 75,5%, ocorreu uma única internação em 2008, 19,6% internaram 2 vezes e 4,5% mais de 3 internações. A média de dias internados foi de 18 dias + desvio padrão de 29,07. As principais causas de internação foram: ITU (27,2%), Broncopneumonia (24,2%) e Fraturas (16,6%). Somente 12,1% dos pacientes receberam suporte invasivo e 13,6% já estavam em cuidados paliativos. Úlceras de pressão foram identificados em 21,2% dos pacientes. A maioria tinha quadro demencial (51,5%) e dependência para ABVD's (60,6%). A alta hospitalar ocorreu em 63,6% e o número de óbitos foi de 36,3%, em que a principal causa encontrada foi Sepse
Subject(s)
Geriatric Assessment , InpatientsABSTRACT
A survey of drug use carried out from April 1984 to May 1985 at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, showed that of 2,475 undergraduate students surveyed, 588 respondents, or 23.8 per cent, abused drugs at some time in their lives. Drug use was somewhat more common among males (25.3 per cent) than among females (21.5 per cent). Among the drug users, the use of cannabis ranked first (41.2 per cent), followed by amphetamines (27.4 per cent), cocaine (12.2 per cent), tranquillizers (12.2 per cent), barbiturates (5.6 per cent), morphine and heroin (0.8 per cent) and lysergic acid diethylamide (0.5 per cent). Of the total number of respondents, 10 per cent were current habitual drug users, while 13.8 per cent had at some time been drug users but were no longer using drugs at the time of the survey. Of 23 postgraduate students surveyed, 10 respondents, or 43.5 per cent, used either cannabis, amphetamines or tranquillizers.
Subject(s)
Students , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Adult , Brazil , Female , Humans , Male , Sex Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Both the learning of brightness discrimination, discrimination reversal and a simple oddity problem, and the pain-sensitivity to electric shock were studied in rats treated with 100 mg/kg of D, L-parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA), 100 mg/kg of D, L-tryptophan (TP) or 2.0 ml/kg of control solution (CS). At the end of the last behavioral session all animals were killed and the levels and rate of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) synthesis were measured. PCPA treatments produce rats which are more effective in coping with a problem; these animals were similar in that both the levels and turnover rate of brain 5-HT and the pain-sensitivity were lower. Results are tentatively explained suggesting that these differences in learning ability could be a result of the drug's action in pain-sensitivity. The possibility that 5-HT might be responsible for these differences is discussed.
Subject(s)
Discrimination Learning/drug effects , Fenclonine/pharmacology , Tryptophan/pharmacology , Animals , Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/metabolism , Male , Photic Stimulation , Problem Solving/drug effects , Rats , Reaction Time/drug effects , Reversal Learning/drug effects , Serotonin/metabolismABSTRACT
Ovariectomized rats, chronically treated with cannabis extract or control solution, were given different hormonal treatments. Results indicated that both cannabis-treated and estrogen-treated animals were more aggressive than controls. Furthermore, aggressiveness was virtually abolished when cannabis-treated females were made sexually receptive by estrogen and progesterone treatments. After 25 days of cannabis or control solution treatment, all subjects were sacrificed. The levels and turnover rate of brain 5-HT and peripheral plasma corticosterone were then assayed. Data indicated both a significant inverse relationship between plasma corticosterone and whole brain levels of 5-HT(r = -0.742 to -0.985) for all groups and a significant positive relationship between aggressive behavior and plasma corticosterone (r = +0.675 to +0.946) in all groups that were fighting prior to decapitation. Results are tentatively explained, suggesting that the variability of the female response to stress during the different phases of the estrus cycle, permitted them to perform differently after chronic cannabis treatment. 5-HT is apparently involved, either directly in its effects on aggressive behavior or indirectly through the pituitary-adrenocortical axis activation.
