Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 18 de 18
Filter
1.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(2): 286-294, mar.-abr. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-219324

ABSTRACT

Background and aims: epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare disease presenting with skin fragility and formation of blisters. Constant presence of skin lesions, loss of blood, wastage of heat through the open skin, increased turnover of proteins and infections, result in increased energy, protein, and micronutrient needs. This study investigated the intake adequacy of energy, protein, zinc, iron, and dietary fiber in children with epidermolysis bullosa. Methods: this cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with children and adolescents of up to 18 years of age with recessive dystrophic EB, severe subtype. Demographic data and clinical manifestations affecting food consumption were collected. Nutritional assessment was performed through anthropometric data. We used a formula to estimate specific energy needs for EB, and ratio of skin lesions was also evaluated to assist in estimating energy needs. A protein adequacy of 115 % to 200 % of the Recommended Dietary Allowance was considered for the adequacy of protein intake. And the Dietary Reference Intake tables according to sex and age were used as a reference for micronutrients. Intake assessment was performed using seven consecutive daily food records. Sip feed consumption was considered for intake assessment. Results: all patients showed undernutrition and presented at least three clinical symptoms that affect food consumption: pseudosyndactyly, microstomy, and blisters in the oral cavity. Sip feed constituted between 20 % and 50 % of the patients’ energy intake. Intake of iron and zinc was adequate for most patients (confidence of adequacy ≥ 0.85), while fiber intake was below the reference value. (AU)


Antecedentes y objetivos: la epidermólisis bullosa (EB) es una enfermedad rara que se manifiesta con fragilidad cutánea y formación de ampollas. La presencia constante de lesiones en la piel, la pérdida de sangre, la pérdida de calor a través de la piel abierta, el aumento de la pérdidas de proteínas y las infecciones hacen que aumenten las necesidades de energía, proteínas y micronutrientes. Este estudio investigó la adecuación de la ingesta de energía, proteínas, zinc, hierro y fibra dietética en niños con EB. Métodos: este estudio analítico transversal se llevó a cabo con niños y adolescentes de hasta 18 años de edad con el subtipo grave de la EB distrófica recesiva. Se recogieron los datos demográficos y las manifestaciones clínicas que afectan al consumo de alimentos. La evaluación nutricional se realizó mediante datos antropométricos. Se utilizó una fórmula para estimar las necesidades energéticas específicas de la EB y también se evaluó la proporción de las lesiones cutáneas para ayudar a estimar las necesidades energéticas. Para la adecuación de la ingestade proteínas se consideró entre el 115 y el 200 % de la ingesta dietética recomendada. Y como referencia para los micronutrientes se utilizaron las tablas de ingesta dietética de referencia según el sexo y la edad. La evaluación de la ingesta se realizó mediante siete registros diarios consecutivos de alimentos. Para la evaluación de la ingesta se tuvo en cuenta el consumo de suplementos nutricionales. Resultados: todos los pacientes mostraban desnutrición y presentaban al menos tres síntomas clínicos que afectaban al consumo de alimentos:pseudosindactilia, microstomía y ampollas en la cavidad oral. Los suplementos nutricionales constituían entre el 20 y el 50 % de la ingesta energética de los pacientes. La ingesta de hierro y zinc era adecuada para la mayoría de los pacientes (confianza de adecuación ≥ 0,85), mientras que la ingesta de fibra estuvo por debajo del valor de referencia. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Eating , Epidermolysis Bullosa , Skin Diseases , Cross-Sectional Studies , Iron , Zinc
2.
Nutr Hosp ; 40(2): 286-294, 2023 Apr 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36719008

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Background and aims: epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare disease presenting with skin fragility and formation of blisters. Constant presence of skin lesions, loss of blood, wastage of heat through the open skin, increased turnover of proteins and infections, result in increased energy, protein, and micronutrient needs. This study investigated the intake adequacy of energy, protein, zinc, iron, and dietary fiber in children with epidermolysis bullosa. Methods: this cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with children and adolescents of up to 18 years of age with recessive dystrophic EB, severe subtype. Demographic data and clinical manifestations affecting food consumption were collected. Nutritional assessment was performed through anthropometric data. We used a formula to estimate specific energy needs for EB, and ratio of skin lesions was also evaluated to assist in estimating energy needs. A protein adequacy of 115 % to 200 % of the Recommended Dietary Allowance was considered for the adequacy of protein intake. And the Dietary Reference Intake tables according to sex and age were used as a reference for micronutrients. Intake assessment was performed using seven consecutive daily food records. Sip feed consumption was considered for intake assessment. Results: all patients showed undernutrition and presented at least three clinical symptoms that affect food consumption: pseudosyndactyly, microstomy, and blisters in the oral cavity. Sip feed constituted between 20 % and 50 % of the patients' energy intake. Intake of iron and zinc was adequate for most patients (confidence of adequacy ≥ 0.85), while fiber intake was below the reference value. Conclusions: this study underscores the importance of nutritional monitoring for EB patients, which is often interpreted as a skin disease but has enormous nutritional repercussions.


Introducción: ínas.Antecedentes y objetivos: la epidermólisis bullosa (EB) es una enfermedad rara que se manifiesta con fragilidad cutánea y formación de ampollas. La presencia constante de lesiones en la piel, la pérdida de sangre, la pérdida de calor a través de la piel abierta, el aumento de la pérdidas de proteínas y las infecciones hacen que aumenten las necesidades de energía, proteínas y micronutrientes. Este estudio investigó la adecuación de la ingesta de energía, proteínas, zinc, hierro y fibra dietética en niños con EB. Métodos: este estudio analítico transversal se llevó a cabo con niños y adolescentes de hasta 18 años de edad con el subtipo grave de la EB distrófica recesiva. Se recogieron los datos demográficos y las manifestaciones clínicas que afectan al consumo de alimentos. La evaluación nutricional se realizó mediante datos antropométricos. Se utilizó una fórmula para estimar las necesidades energéticas específicas de la EB y también se evaluó la proporción de las lesiones cutáneas para ayudar a estimar las necesidades energéticas. Para la adecuación de la ingesta de proteínas se consideró entre el 115 y el 200 % de la ingesta dietética recomendada. Y como referencia para los micronutrientes se utilizaron las tablas de ingesta dietética de referencia según el sexo y la edad. La evaluación de la ingesta se realizó mediante siete registros diarios consecutivos de alimentos. Para la evaluación de la ingesta se tuvo en cuenta el consumo de suplementos nutricionales. Resultados: todos los pacientes mostraban desnutrición y presentaban al menos tres síntomas clínicos que afectaban al consumo de alimentos: pseudosindactilia, microstomía y ampollas en la cavidad oral. Los suplementos nutricionales constituían entre el 20 y el 50 % de la ingesta energética de los pacientes. La ingesta de hierro y zinc era adecuada para la mayoría de los pacientes (confianza de adecuación ≥ 0,85), mientras que la ingesta de fibra estuvo por debajo del valor de referencia. Conclusiones: este estudio destaca la importancia del seguimiento nutricional de los pacientes con EB, que a menudo se interpreta como una enfermedad de la piel pero que tiene enormes repercusiones nutricionales.


Subject(s)
Epidermolysis Bullosa , Skin Diseases , Child , Humans , Adolescent , Blister , Cross-Sectional Studies , Eating , Micronutrients , Proteins , Zinc , Iron
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 118(4): 719-726, Apr. 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374348

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento A prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e de outros distúrbios metabólicos tem aumentado em indivíduos jovens. Entretanto, não há estudos representativos sobre esse assunto com a população do Distrito Federal (DF). Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de HAS e a sua associação com parâmetros lipídicos, glicídicos e de adiposidade em adolescentes do DF. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal com participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA). Foram avaliados pressão arterial, glicemia sanguínea, hemoglobina glicada, insulina, modelo de avaliação da homeostase da resistência à insulina (HOMA-IR), triglicerídeos, colesterol total, lipoproteína de alta densidade, lipoproteína de baixa densidade, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e perímetro da cintura, além de variáveis econômicas, demográficas e de maturação sexual. A análise de dados foi feita no software Stata e foi dividida nas seguintes etapas: análises descritiva, bruta e ajustada. Considerou-se p < 0,05. Resultados Foram incluídos 1.200 adolescentes com média de idade de 14,8 anos. A prevalência de HAS foi de 8% (intervalo de confiança de 95%: 6,3; 9,9). A maioria dos parâmetros se associou com a PA na análise bruta; na ajustada, os parâmetros glicídicos, lipídicos e de adiposidade mantiveram a associação, tendo IMC e HOMA-IR a maior magnitude na relação. Conclusão O estudo revelou elevada prevalência de HAS em adolescentes do DF, e os níveis pressóricos apresentaram-se associados a outros marcadores de perfil lipídico, glicídico e de adiposidade, evidenciando a relevância da vigilância em saúde para o planejamento de ações efetivas para a reversão do quadro e prevenção de novos casos.


Abstract Background The prevalence of hypertension and other metabolic disorders has increased in young individuals. However, no representative studies have been conducted in the population of the Federal District, Brazil. Objective To estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its association with lipid, glucose, and adiposity markers in school-aged adolescents living in the Federal District. Methods This cross-sectional study included participants of the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (Portuguese acronym, ERICA). Blood pressure, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and economic, demographic, and sexual maturity variables were assessed. The data were analyzed in Stata, and the analysis was divided into different stages: descriptive, crude, and adjusted. Significant results were set at p < 0.05. Results In total, 1,200 adolescents were included, and their mean age was 14.8 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 8% (95% confidence interval: 6.3; 9.9). Most parameters were associated with blood pressure in crude analysis. In adjusted analysis, glucose, lipid, and adiposity markers maintained the associations, and the highest magnitudes were those of BMI and HOMA-IR. Conclusion The study revealed a high prevalence of hypertension in adolescents living in the Federal District, and blood pressure levels were associated with other markers of lipid, glucose, and adiposity profile. The findings indicate the relevance of health surveillance for planning effective actions aimed at reversing this situation and preventing new cases.

4.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 118(4): 719-726, 2022 04.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35137784

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hypertension and other metabolic disorders has increased in young individuals. However, no representative studies have been conducted in the population of the Federal District, Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its association with lipid, glucose, and adiposity markers in school-aged adolescents living in the Federal District. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included participants of the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (Portuguese acronym, ERICA). Blood pressure, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and economic, demographic, and sexual maturity variables were assessed. The data were analyzed in Stata, and the analysis was divided into different stages: descriptive, crude, and adjusted. Significant results were set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: In total, 1,200 adolescents were included, and their mean age was 14.8 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 8% (95% confidence interval: 6.3; 9.9). Most parameters were associated with blood pressure in crude analysis. In adjusted analysis, glucose, lipid, and adiposity markers maintained the associations, and the highest magnitudes were those of BMI and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION: The study revealed a high prevalence of hypertension in adolescents living in the Federal District, and blood pressure levels were associated with other markers of lipid, glucose, and adiposity profile. The findings indicate the relevance of health surveillance for planning effective actions aimed at reversing this situation and preventing new cases.


FUNDAMENTO: A prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e de outros distúrbios metabólicos tem aumentado em indivíduos jovens. Entretanto, não há estudos representativos sobre esse assunto com a população do Distrito Federal (DF). OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de HAS e a sua associação com parâmetros lipídicos, glicídicos e de adiposidade em adolescentes do DF. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal com participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA). Foram avaliados pressão arterial, glicemia sanguínea, hemoglobina glicada, insulina, modelo de avaliação da homeostase da resistência à insulina (HOMA-IR), triglicerídeos, colesterol total, lipoproteína de alta densidade, lipoproteína de baixa densidade, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e perímetro da cintura, além de variáveis econômicas, demográficas e de maturação sexual. A análise de dados foi feita no software Stata e foi dividida nas seguintes etapas: análises descritiva, bruta e ajustada. Considerou-se p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 1.200 adolescentes com média de idade de 14,8 anos. A prevalência de HAS foi de 8% (intervalo de confiança de 95%: 6,3; 9,9). A maioria dos parâmetros se associou com a PA na análise bruta; na ajustada, os parâmetros glicídicos, lipídicos e de adiposidade mantiveram a associação, tendo IMC e HOMA-IR a maior magnitude na relação. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo revelou elevada prevalência de HAS em adolescentes do DF, e os níveis pressóricos apresentaram-se associados a outros marcadores de perfil lipídico, glicídico e de adiposidade, evidenciando a relevância da vigilância em saúde para o planejamento de ações efetivas para a reversão do quadro e prevenção de novos casos.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Hypertension , Insulin Resistance , Adiposity/physiology , Adolescent , Biomarkers , Blood Glucose/analysis , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Glucose , Humans , Hypertension/epidemiology , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Obesity , Triglycerides , Waist Circumference/physiology
5.
PLoS One ; 16(9): e0257603, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34555063

ABSTRACT

The association between body image and eating behaviors or weight control strategies has been demonstrated in the scientific literature, but there is a lack of evidence on the association between weight misperception and food consumption indicators in adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the association between weight misperception and dietary patterns (DPs) in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). It was a national school-based cross-sectional study conducted among students aged 12-17 years. Data were collected in the form of anthropometric measurements, responses in self-answered questionnaires, and 24-h dietary recall. The following variables were assessed: weight underestimation and overestimation (independent variables), which were defined as the presence of a disagreement between nutritional status and self-perceived weight; dietary patterns (dependent variables), defined by a posteriori method using principal component factor analysis; and individual and demographic variables (covariates). Data analysis was performed using the Poisson regression models method, stratified by sex. A total of 52,038 adolescents with normal weights were evaluated. The weight misperception prevalence was 34.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33.0, 35.0). Three DPs were identified: "Traditional Brazilian," "Processed meat sandwiches and coffee," and "Ultra-processed and sweet foods." In girls, weight underestimation was directly associated with the "Traditional Brazilian" (1.24; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.43) and "Ultra-processed and sweet foods" DPs (1.29; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.54), and overestimation was inversely associated with all the DPs. In boys, a direct association between underestimation and the "Ultra-processed and sweet foods" DP (1.29; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.51) was found. Overestimation was inversely associated with the "Traditional Brazilian" DP (0.79; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.99). The inverse association between overestimation and the "Traditional Brazilian" DP, and the direct association between underestimation and the "Ultra-processed and sweet foods" DP indicated that weight misperception was related to unhealthy eating habits in Brazilian adolescents.


Subject(s)
Body Image , Adolescent , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feeding Behavior , Female , Humans , Male , Men
6.
J Pediatr (Rio J) ; 96(3): 371-378, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31028746

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Validate the accuracy of the Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional status and Growth (STRONGkids) and estimate the prevalence of malnutrition and nutritional risk in hospitalized children. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of children admitted to ten public pediatric emergency rooms. The sample was randomly estimated in stages, including children older than 30 days and younger than 10 years of age, of both sexes, excluding syndromic children and those in whom it was impossible to directly measure anthropometry. Weight, height, and arm circumference were measured, as well as the Z-scores of the anthropometric indices weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height, body mass index for age, and arm circumference for age, classified according to the reference curves of the World Health Organization. After the tool was applied, its accuracy tests were performed in comparison with the anthropometric data, with the evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. RESULTS: A total of 271 children were evaluated, 56.46% males and 41.70% younger than 2 years of age. The prevalence rates of malnutrition, nutritional risk assessed by anthropometric measurements, and nutritional risk assessed by the tool were 12.18%, 33.95%, and 78.60%, respectively. Accuracy showed sensitivity of 84.8%, specificity of 26.7%, positive predictive value of 49.8%, and negative predictive value of 67.2%, when the patients at nutritional risk were identified by anthropometry. CONCLUSION: Validation of the accuracy of STRONGkids was performed, showing high sensitivity, allowing the early identification of nutritional risk in similar populations.


Subject(s)
Nutrition Assessment , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , Body Weight , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Malnutrition , Nutritional Status
7.
Nutr. hosp ; 35(2): 265-270, mar.-abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-172735

ABSTRACT

Background: some types of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) have extracutaneous manifestations. Manifestations that limit food intake and absorption may compromise nutritional status and increasing nutritional requirements. Objectives: to investigate the following nutritional status indicators: exclusive breastfeeding duration, problems caused by the introduction of complementary foods, birth weight and length, and growth curves of children with EB. Methods: assessment was based on the World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts. The anthropometric data were stored in the WHO's programs Anthro and Anthro Plus. Results: three and seven of the ten study children had EB simplex (EBS) and recessive dystrophic EB (RDEB), respectively. Four of the children with RDEB had problems when complementary foods were introduced. The difference between the chronological age and age-for-height at the 25th (A/H 25th) percentile (p) varied from four months to four years and two months. Most children with RDEB (85%) had weight-for-age (W/A) curve below p3 and low height-for-age (H/A), starting before age four years. One child with EBS had excess weight. Conclusions: anthropometric birth data, exclusive breastfeeding duration, and problems caused by the introduction of complementary foods are useful information for establishing the nutritional profile of children with EB. Supposedly, breastfeeding and no complementary feeding problems were not enough to prevent inadequate nutritional status, observed in the majority of the study children. The original presentation of the growth curves of children with EB may help to determine nutritional involvement and to establish how these children grow. The evaluation of growth curves with WHO as a standard suggests the need to establish growth curves adapted to the most serious type of EB and the need for permanent nutritional monitoring


Introducción: algunos tipos de epidermólisis ampollosa (EB) presentan manifestaciones extracutáneas. Las manifestaciones que limitan la ingesta y absorción de alimentos pueden comprometer el estado nutricional y aumentar las necesidades nutricionales. Objetivos: investigar los siguientes indicadores de estado nutricional: duración exclusiva de la lactancia, problemas causados por la introducción de alimentos complementarios, peso y longitud al nacer y curvas de crecimiento de los niños con EB. Métodos: la evaluación se basó en los gráficos de crecimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Los datos antropométricos se almacenaron en los programas de la OMS Anthro y Anthro Plus. Resultados: tres y siete de los diez niños del estudio tenían EB simplex (EBS) y EB distrófica recesiva (RDEB), respectivamente. Cuatro de los niños con RDEB tuvieron problemas cuando se introdujeron alimentos complementarios. La diferencia entre la edad cronológica y la edad para la talla en el percentil 25 (A/H 25) (p) varió de cuatro meses a cuatro años y dos meses. La mayoría de los niños con RDEB (85%) tenían una curva de peso por edad (W/A) por debajo de p3 y baja altura por edad (H/A), comenzando antes de los cuatro años de edad. Un niño con EBS tenía exceso de peso. Conclusiones: los datos antropométricos de nacimiento, la duración de la lactancia exclusiva y los problemas causados por la introducción de alimentos complementarios son información útil para establecer el perfil nutricional de los niños con EB. La presentación original de las curvas de crecimiento de los niños con EB puede ayudar a determinar la implicación nutricional y establecer cómo estos niños crecen. La evaluación de las curvas de crecimiento con la OMS como patrón sugiere la necesidad de establecer curvas de crecimiento adaptadas al tipo más grave de EB y la necesidad de un seguimiento nutricional permanente


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Epidermolysis Bullosa/complications , Child Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Growth Disorders/epidemiology , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Growth Charts , Risk Factors , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Time/statistics & numerical data
8.
Cad Saude Publica ; 33(4): e00122816, 2017 May 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28538790

ABSTRACT

The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) is a pioneering study that aimed to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including metabolic syndrome components in Brazilian adolescents. This study aims to describe the methodological aspects related to blood collection as well as to report pertaining results of the preparation, transport, storage, and exams in ERICA. Exams in ERICA were performed in a single laboratory and blood samples were collected in schools in a standardized manner. Logistics involved air transportation of samples to the reference laboratory with controlled temperature since sample collection. The serum was stored in local biorepositories in four centers to be used in future analyses. During the study, 284,247 exams were performed and rate of participation in exams was 56.2%, thus involving 40,732 adolescents. From the total, 92.6% of the samples reached the reference laboratory maintaining the temperature between 0-10°C. No clinical significant changes in results due to temperature changes were identified. External quality control recorded satisfactory results in 98.7% of the evaluations. Four biorepositories with samples of 7,785 adolescents were created. Thus, we can consider that the logistics adopted in ERICA was fairly successful and description of this as well as the difficulties experienced in Brazil can inform and facilitate the planning of future studies, especially in developing countries.


Subject(s)
Blood Preservation , Blood Specimen Collection/methods , Adolescent , Blood Specimen Collection/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Residence Characteristics , Schools/statistics & numerical data , Students , Transportation
9.
Rev. saúde pública ; 50(supl.1): 4s, Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-774636

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity in Brazilian adolescents and their association with geographical and sociodemographic variables. METHODS The sample was composed by 74,589 adolescents participating in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). This cross-sectional study of school basis with national scope involved adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years in Brazilian cities with more than 100 thousand inhabitants. The prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity was categorized according to the volume of weekly practice (< 300; 0 min). The prevalences were estimated for the total sample and by sex. Poisson regression models were used to assess associated factors. RESULTS The prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity was 54.3% (95%CI 53.4-55.2), and higher for the female sex (70.7%, 95%CI 69.5-71.9) compared to the male (38.0%, 95%CI 36.7-39.4). More than a quarter of adolescents (26.5%, 95%CI 25.8-27.3) reported not practicing physical activity in the leisure time, a condition more prevalent for girls (39.8%, 95%CI 38.8-40.9) than boys (13.4%, 95%CI 12.4-14.4). For girls, the variables that were associated with physical inactivity were: reside in the Northeast (RP = 1.13, 95%CI 1.08-1.19), Southeast (RP = 1.16, 95%CI 1.11-1.22) and South (RP = 1.12, 95%CI 1.06-1.18); have 16-17 years (RP = 1.06, 95%CI 1.12-1.15); and belong to the lower economic class (RP = 1.33, 95%CI 1.20-1.48). The same factors, except reside in the Southeast and South, were also associated with not practicing physical activity in the leisure time for the same group. In males, as well as the region, being older (p < 0.001) and declaring to be indigenous (RP = 0.37, 95%CI 0.19-0.73) were also associated with not practicing physical activities in the leisure time. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity in Brazilian adolescents is high. It presents regional variations and is associated with age and low socioeconomic status. Special attention should be given to girls and to those who do not engage in any physical activity during the leisure time, so that they can adopt a more active lifestyle.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Avaliar a prevalência de inatividade física no lazer em adolescentes brasileiros e sua associação com variáveis geográficas e sociodemográficas. MÉTODOS A amostra foi composta por 74.589 adolescentes participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA). Esse estudo transversal de base escolar com abrangência nacional envolveu adolescentes brasileiros de 12 a 17 anos de municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes. A prevalência de inatividade física no lazer foi categorizada de acordo com o volume de prática semanal (< 300; zero min). As prevalências foram estimadas para o total da amostra analisada e por sexo. Modelos de regressão de Poisson foram utilizados para avaliar fatores associados. RESULTADOS A prevalência de inatividade física no lazer foi de 54,3% (IC95% 53,4-55,2), superior no sexo feminino (70,7%, IC95% 69,5-71,9) comparado ao masculino (38,0%, IC95% 36,7-39,4). Mais de um quarto dos adolescentes (26,5%, IC95% 25,8-27,3) referiram não praticar atividade física no lazer, condição mais prevalente no sexo feminino (39,8%, IC95% 38,8-40,9) que no masculino (13,4%, IC95% 12,4-14,4). Para o sexo feminino, as variáveis que se associaram à inatividade física foram: residir nas regiões Nordeste (RP = 1,13, IC95% 1,08-1,19), Sudeste (RP = 1,16, IC95% 1,11-1,22) e Sul (RP = 1,12, IC95% 1,06-1,18); ter 16-17 anos (RP = 1,12, IC95% 1,06-1,15); e pertencer à classe econômica mais baixa (RP = 1,33, IC95% 1,20-1,48). Os mesmos fatores, exceto residir no Sudeste e Sul, também associaram-se com não praticar atividade física no lazer no mesmo grupo. No sexo masculino, além da região, ser mais velho (p < 0,001) e declarar-se indígena (RP = 0,37, IC95% 0,19-0,73) associaram-se à prevalência de não praticar atividade física no lazer. CONCLUSÕES A prevalência de inatividade física no lazer em adolescentes brasileiros é elevada, apresenta variações regionais e está associada à idade e ao baixo nível socioeconômico. Especial atenção deve ser dada às meninas e aos que não praticam nenhuma atividade física no lazer, a fim de que estes possam adotar estilo de vida mais ativo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Exercise , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sedentary Behavior , Leisure Activities , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Spatial Analysis , Life Style
10.
Rev. saúde pública ; 50(supl.1): 14s, Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-774644

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of common mental disorders in Brazilian adolescent students, according to geographical macro-regions, school type, sex, and age. METHODS We evaluated 74,589 adolescents who participated in the Cardiovascular Risk Study in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, national, school-based study conducted in 2013-2014 in cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. A self-administered questionnaire and an electronic data collector were employed. The presence of common mental disorders was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We estimated prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of common mental disorders by sex, age, and school type, in Brazil and in the macro-regions, considering the sample design. RESULTS The prevalence of common mental disorders was of 30.0% (95%CI 29.2-30.8), being higher among girls (38.4%; 95%CI 37.1-39.7) when compared to boys (21.6%; 95%CI 20.5-22.8), and among adolescents who were from 15 to 17 years old (33.6%; 95%CI 32.2-35.0) compared to those aged between 12 and 14 years (26.7%; 95%CI 25.8-27.6). The prevalence of common mental disorders increased with age for both sexes, always higher in girls (ranging from 28.1% at 12 years to 44.1% at 17 years) than in boys (ranging from 18.5% at 12 years to 27.7% at 17 years). We did not observe any significant difference by macro-region or school type. Stratified analyses showed higher prevalence of common mental disorders among girls aged from 15 to 17 years of private schools in the North region (53.1; 95%CI 46.8-59.4). CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of common mental disorders among adolescents and the fact that the symptoms are often vague mean these disorders are not so easily identified by school administrators or even by health services. The results of this study can help the proposition of more specific prevention and control measures, focused on highest risk subgroups.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns em adolescentes escolares brasileiros, segundo macrorregiões, tipo de escola, sexo e idade. MÉTODOS Foram avaliados 74.589 adolescentes participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), estudo transversal, nacional, de base escolar, realizado em 2013-2014 em municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes. Utilizou-se questionário autopreenchível e coletor eletrônico de dados. Presença de transtornos mentais comuns foi avaliada por meio do General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Estimaram-se prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95% de transtornos mentais comuns por sexo, idade e tipo de escola, no Brasil e nas macrorregiões, considerando o desenho da amostra. RESULTADOS A prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns foi de 30,0% (IC95% 29,2-30,8), sendo mais elevada entre meninas (38,4%; IC95% 37,1-39,7), quando comparadas aos meninos (21,6%; IC95% 20,5-22,8) e entre os adolescentes de 15 a 17 anos (33,6%; IC95% 32,2-35,0), em relação àqueles entre 12 e 14 anos (26,7%; IC95% 25,8-27,6). As prevalências de transtornos mentais comuns aumentaram conforme a idade, para ambos os sexos, sempre maior nas meninas (variando de 28,1% aos 12 anos, até 44,1% aos 17 anos), do que nos meninos (variando de 18,5% aos 12 anos até 27,7% aos 17 anos). Não houve diferença importante por macrorregião ou tipo de escola. Análises estratificadas mostraram maior prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns entre meninas de 15 a 17 anos de escolas privadas da região Norte (53,1; IC95% 46,8-59,4). CONCLUSÕES A elevada prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns entre os adolescentes e o fato de os sintomas serem muitas vezes vagos fazem com que esses transtornos sejam pouco identificados por gestores escolares ou mesmo serviços de saúde. Os resultados deste estudo podem ajudar na proposição de medidas de prevenção e controle mais específicas e voltadas para os subgrupos sob maior risco.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Students/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Residence Characteristics , Sex Factors , Epidemiologic Methods
11.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 50: 27, 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-962242

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of hypertension among adolescent Brazilian students. METHODS A systematic review of school-based cross-sectional studies was conducted. The articles were searched in the databases MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, Web of Science, CAPES thesis database and Trip Database. In addition, we examined the lists of references of relevant studies to identify potentially eligible articles. No restrictions regarding publication date, language, or status applied. The studies were selected by two independent evaluators, who also extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality following eight criteria related to sampling, measuring blood pressure, and presenting results. The meta-analysis was calculated using a random effects model and analyses were performed to investigate heterogeneity. RESULTS We retrieved 1,577 articles from the search and included 22 in the review. The included articles corresponded to 14,115 adolescents, 51.2% (n = 7,230) female. We observed a variety of techniques, equipment, and references used. The prevalence of hypertension was 8.0% (95%CI 5.0-11.0; I2 = 97.6%), 9.3% (95%CI 5.6-13.6; I2 = 96.4%) in males and 6.5% (95%CI 4.2-9.1; I2 = 94.2%) in females. The meta-regression failed to identify the causes of the heterogeneity among studies. CONCLUSIONS Despite the differences found in the methodologies of the included studies, the results of this systematic review indicate that hypertension is prevalent in the Brazilian adolescent school population. For future investigations, we suggest the standardization of techniques, equipment, and references, aiming at improving the methodological quality of the studies.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial entre adolescentes escolares brasileiros. MÉTODOS Foi realizada revisão sistemática de estudos transversais de base escolar. Os artigos foram pesquisados nas bases de dados Medline, Embase, Scopus, Lilacs, SciELO, Web of Science, Banco de teses da Capes e Tripdatabase. Além disso, foram examinadas as listas de referências bibliográficas dos estudos relevantes para identificar artigos potencialmente elegíveis. Não foram aplicadas restrições da data de publicação, idioma ou status de publicação. Os estudos foram selecionados por duas avaliadoras independentes que também extraíram os dados e avaliaram a qualidade metodológica seguindo oito critérios relacionados à amostragem, mensuração da pressão arterial e apresentação dos resultados. Calculou-se a metanálise utilizando modelo de efeitos randômicos e foram realizadas análises para investigação de heterogeneidade. RESULTADOS Foram recuperados 1.577 artigos na busca, e 22 foram incluídos na revisão. Os artigos incluídos corresponderam a 14.115 adolescentes, sendo 51,2% (n = 7.230) do sexo feminino. Houve variedade de técnicas, equipamentos e referências utilizados. A prevalência de hipertensão foi 8,0% (IC95% 5,0-11,0; I2 = 97,6%), sendo no sexo masculino 9,3% (IC95% 5,6-13,6; I2 = 96,4%) e no feminino, 6,5% (IC95% 4,2-9,1; I2 = 94.2%). A metarregressão não identificou as causas da heterogeneidade entre os estudos. CONCLUSÕES Apesar das diferenças encontradas nas metodologias dos estudos incluídos, os resultados desta revisão sistemática indicam que a hipertensão arterial é prevalente na população escolar adolescente no Brasil. Para investigações futuras sugere-se a padronização de técnicas, equipamentos e referências visando à melhoria da qualidade metodológica dos estudos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Hypertension/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Risk Factors
13.
Rev. nutr ; 27(5): 605-617, Sep-Oct/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-731308

ABSTRACT

Various indices and scores based on admittedly healthy dietary patterns or food guides for the general population, or aiming at the prevention of diet-related diseases have been developed to assess diet quality. The four indices preferred by most studies are: the Diet Quality Index; the Healthy Eating Index; the Mediterranean Diet Score; and the Overall Nutritional Quality Index. Other instruments based on these indices have been developed and the words 'adapted', 'revised', or 'new version I, II or III' added to their names. Even validated indices usually find only modest associations between diet and risk of disease or death, raising questions about their limitations and the complexity associated with measuring the causal relationship between diet and health parameters. The objective of this review is to describe the main instruments used for assessing diet quality, and the applications and limitations related to their use and interpretation.


Para avaliação da qualidade da dieta, diferentes índices ou escores foram desenvolvidos, considerando padrões dietéticos reconhecidamente saudáveis ou baseando-se em guias alimentares para populações em geral ou para a prevenção de doenças. Dos vários índices, quatro deles servem de base para a maior parte dos estudos: Índice de Qualidade da Dieta, Índice de Alimentação Saudável, Escore da Dieta Mediterrânea e Índice Geral de Qualidade Nutricional. A partir desses modelos, alguns outros foram criados, com acréscimo do termo adaptado/revisado, ou em novas versões (I, II ou III) como referência do respectivo original. Esses índices, mesmo validados, apresentam associações geralmente modestas com o risco de mortalidade ou doenças, o que aponta suas limitações, bem como a complexidade de se medir a relação causal entre dieta e parâmetros de saúde. Esta revisão tem como objetivo descrever os principais instrumentos de avaliação da qualidade da dieta, assim como suas aplicações e limitações, relativas ao uso e interpretações.

15.
ReNut ; 27(1): 81-95, Jan-Feb/2014. [{"_b": "graf"}]
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-710369

ABSTRACT

[{"text": "OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in children aged less than six months from the Brazilian Legal Amazon and Northeast regions. METHODS: The study used data from a survey that assessed prenatal and infant (<1 year) care in 2010. Sociodemographic, prenatal, delivery, and puerperium care factors with p<0.05 in multivariate analysis were associated with exclusive breastfeeding. RESULTS: For both regions, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding decreased with age, which was the main variable associated with early weaning. In the Legal Amazon, exclusive breastfeeding prevailed among: mothers aged 35 years or more; mothers living in state capitals; and mothers who breastfed on the first hour of life. In the Northeast, the probability of exclusive breastfeeding was greater for mothers aged 35 years or more. CONCLUSION: The factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding were child's and mother's age in both regions; and residence location and breastfeeding in the first hour of life in the Legal Amazon, suggesting the need of differentiated strategies for the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding. .", "_i": "en"}, {"text": "OBJETIVO: O objetivo foi identificar fatores associados ao aleitamento materno exclusivo em crianças menores de seis meses de idade, residentes na Amazônia Legal e no Nordeste do Brasil, com base nos dados da pesquisa de avaliação da atenção ao pré-natal e aos menores de um ano de idade em 2010. MÉTODOS: Consideraram-se fatores associadas ao aleitamento exclusivo as variáveis sociodemográficos e de assistência ao pré-natal, parto e puerpério que mantiveram p<0,05 em análise multivariada. RESULTADOS: Em ambas as regiões, a prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo apresentou declínio com aumento da idade da criança, que se configurou na principal variável associada ao desmame precoce. Na Amazônia Legal, a probabilidade de aleitamento materno exclusivo foi maior para: mães com 35 ou mais anos de idade, mães que residiam nas capitais dos estados e mães que amamentaram na primeira hora de vida da criança. No Nordeste, a probabilidade de aleitamento materno exclusivo também foi maior para mães com 35 ou mais anos de idade. CONCLUSÃO: Os fatores associados ao aleitamento materno exclusivo foram idade da criança e idade da mãe nas duas regiões, localização de moradia e mamada na primeira hora na Amazônia Legal, o que sugere a necessidade de estratégias diferenciadas para a promoção do aleitamento materno. .", "_i": "pt"}]

16.
Rev. nutr ; 26(6): 659-668, nov.-dez. 2013. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-700121

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of a multidisciplinary program to promote healthy habits on anthropometric and biochemical parameters on participants of the Family Health Strategy of the Distrito Federal. METHODS: The sample consisted of 279 overweight and obese adults of both sexes divided into two groups: intervention (IG, n=198) and control group (CG, n=89). The IG received standard Family Health Strategy care plus a multidisciplinary health promoting program that included dietary interventions and physical activity, called Set Waist Program. The control group received only standard ESF care. Data were collected at baseline and after 4 and 8 months of follow up. Body mass index, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were assessed. RESULTS: Prevalence of obesity (63.3% to 49.4%, p=0.027) and waist circumference (102.2cm to 94.8cm, p<0.0001) were significantly reduced in IG. Total cholesterol, LDL and HDL-cholesterol were reduced in both groups. CONCLUSION: Reductions in anthropometric measures were maximized through simple interventions that stimulated lifestyle changes. These results suggest that multidisciplinary initiatives such the Set Waist Program can be incorporated into other Family Health Strategy teams to optimize the control of obesity and health promotion. Participant compliance is an issue that deserves further investigation...


OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados de um programa multidisciplinar de promoção de hábitos saudáveis sobre parâmetros antropométricos e bioquímicos em usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família do Distrito Federal. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 279 adultos de ambos os sexos com sobrepeso ou obesidade, alocados em dois grupos: intervenção e. O grupo intervenção (n=198) recebeu a assistência padrão da Estratégia Saúde da Família acrescida de atividades estruturadas de um programa multidisciplinar de promoção de hábitos saudáveis, o Programa Jogo de Cintura, incluindo intervenções nutricionais e de atividade física. O grupo controle (n=89) recebeu exclusivamente a assistência padrão da Estratégia Saúde da Família. A coleta dos dados ocorreu no início e após 4 e 8 meses de seguimento. Foram avaliados: índice de massa corporal, circunferência abdominal; glicemia em jejum e perfil lipídico. RESULTADOS: No grupo intervenção foram observadas reduções significativas da prevalência de obesidade (de 63,3% para 49,4%; p=0,027) e na média da circunferência abdominal (de 102,2 para 94,8cm; p<0,0001). Em ambos os grupos houve reduções no colesterol total, low-density liprotein e high-density liprotein cholesterol. CONCLUSÃO: O acompanhamento padrão da Estratégia Saúde da Família contribuiu para a redução de alguns fatores de risco em adultos com excesso de peso. Reduções nas medidas antropométricas foram maximizadas através de intervenções simples que estimulam modificações nos hábitos de vida. Esses resultados sugerem que o Programa Jogo de Cintura pode ser incorporado a outras equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família, com o intuito de aperfeiçoar o controle da obesidade e a promoção da saúde. Questões sobre a adesão dos usuários ao programa devem ser futuramente investigadas...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Risk Factors , Obesity , Health Promotion/statistics & numerical data , Overweight
17.
Rev. nutr ; 23(3): 323-333, maio-jun. 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-561427

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Investigar adesão a programa de aconselhamento nutricional em grupo para indivíduos com excesso de peso e comorbidades. MÉTODOS: Estudo analítico de intervenção controlada e aberta. Oitenta adultos, de ambos os sexos, com índice de massa corporal entre 25 e 35kg/m², portadores de dois ou mais fatores de risco cardiovascular associados foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos para acompanhamento por três meses. O grupo de intervenção com aconselhamento nutricional em grupo recebeu atendimento individual e participou de seis reuniões grupais para discussão sobre alimentação saudável e atividade física, com dinâmicas e método participativo. O grupo-controle, com atendimento padrão individual, foi assistido em três consultas ambulatoriais. Consideraram-se repercussões dietéticas antes e após a intervenção e assiduidade às reuniões como parâmetros de adesão ao tratamento. RESULTADOS: Trinta e três participantes concluíram o estudo. Do total inicial, 45,8 por cento e 40,7 por cento do grupo de intervenção com aconselhamento nutricional em grupo e do grupo-controle com atendimento padrão individual, respectiva-mente, atingiram nível ótimo de assiduidade. Os fatores mais citados como barreiras à adesão ao tratamento foram fazer refeições fora de casa (46,7 por cento - grupo-controle com atendimento padrão individual) e dificuldade em aplicar os conhecimentos na prática, principalmente em eventos sociais (33,3 por cento - grupo de intervenção com aconselhamento nutricional em grupo). Verificou-se aumento significativo do percentual médio do uso de temperos naturais e do número de refeições ao dia nos dois grupos após a intervenção. Porém, não houve diminuição significativa do consumo energético intra ou entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da abrangência do conteúdo e do emprego de um método participativo no grupo de intervenção, a adesão foi insuficiente para alterar significativamente os principais parâmetros dietéticos estudados. O apro-fundamento da abordagem comportamental, continuada e multiprofissional deve ser objeto de mais investigações.


OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to verify adherence to a nutritional group counseling program for patients with excess weight and comorbidities. METHODS: This was an analytical, open, controlled, intervention study. Eighty adults from both genders with a body mass index ranging from 25 to 35kg/m² with two or more associated cardiovascular risk factors were randomly allocated to two groups for a three-month follow-up. The intervention group with nutritional group counseling received personalized care and participated in six group meetings to discuss healthy eating and physical activity, with group dynamics and participatory method. The control group was given standard personalized care in three outpatient visits. The parameters of adherence to treatment were the dietary repercussions before and after the intervention and attendance to the meetings. RESULTS: Thirty-three participants concluded the study. In all, 45.8 percent and 40.7 percent of intervention group and control group, respectively, had excellent attendance. The main barriers to adherence to treatment were the need of eating out (46.7 percent - control group) and the difficulty of putting their knowledge to use, especially in social occasions (33.3 percent - intervention group). There was a significant increase in the mean percentage use of natural seasonings and in the number of daily meals of both groups after the intervention. However, there was no significant decrease in energy intake within groups or between groups. CONCLUSION: Despite the breadth of the content and the use of a participatory method in the intervention group, adherence was not enough to change the main dietary parameters significantly. A deeper, continuous and multidisciplinary behavioral approach should be object of further investigations.

18.
Rev. ciênc. méd., (Campinas) ; 12(1): 89-97, jan.-mar. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-350130

ABSTRACT

Esta revisäo visa informar aos pediatras e demais profissionais de saúde os estudos mais recentes abordando a importância da atividade física entre crianças e adolescentes e seu impacto sobre a saúde individual e coletiva. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados Medline, de l966 a 2001, e Lilacs, de 1979 a 2001, em português, espanhol e inglês, utilizando-se as palavras-chave: atividade física, exercício, crianças e adolescentes. A promoçäo de estilo de vida ativo durante a infância e adolescência tem forte influência no padräo de crescimento e desenvolvimento. Além dos benefícios para a saúde, oferece oportunidade de lazer, socializaçäo e desenvolvimento de aptidöes, propiciando melhor auto-estima e confiança. A obesidade e o sedentarismo representam um real problema de saúde pública. Existe uma demanda urgente por programas eficazes, com o objetivo de promover estilos de vida mais ativos. Para a criança e o adolescente, a escola é o lugar mais promissor onde podem ser aplicadas práticas de promoçäo de atividade física.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Exercise , Life Style , Public Health
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...