ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the importance of the genogram in order to identify the family vital cycle stages and demographic aspects related to the first two phases of this cycle. To study frequency of the vital cycle stages in families from 2 health centers and their relationships with behavioral and emotional traits and with health problems. DESIGN: Transversal descriptive study. LOCALE: Primary Health Care; Health Care Centers in Cartuja and Almanjayar. PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: 347 genograms were compiled and analyzed by 6 licensed nurses. RESULTS: The reading of genograms made it possible to identify the vital family cycle stages in 97% of those studied. We discovered that 28.6% of the families were in Stage IV; 20% in Stage II-A; and 15% in Stage V. It appears that the contraction stage occurs more frequently in the Cartuja Health Center. The starting age of the formative stage has been reducing since the 1960s; at present it is at 21.7 years for males and 19 for females. The average duration which couples took to pass on to the II-A extension stage was 1.62 years. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that a genogram is an excellent tool to use to classify families according to the vital family cycle stages. Furthermore, to be able to identify the point where a family lies in this cycle is an important piece of data in a nurse's work.
Subject(s)
Audiovisual Aids , Family Health , Family , Nursing Assessment/methods , Pedigree , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Spain , Vital StatisticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To find the characteristics of accidents to children treated at our Health Centres. DESIGN: A descriptive crossover study. SETTING: Almanjayar and Cartuja Health Centres, Granada. PATIENTS: The 0 to 14 age-group treated at our centres because of an accident. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The number of accidents to children treated at our health centres during 1994 was 217. The most common accidents were, in descending order: falls, 27%; burns, 20.7%; traffic accidents, 17%; poisoning, 15%; inhalation of foreign bodies, 10.5%; bites and aggressions, 9.2%. 48.3% of the accidents occurred at home, 37.7% in the street and 13.8% at school. In the relation of type of accident to age group, we found that burns affected children under 5 to a greater extent. Poisoning was more common between 5 and 9. Traffic accidents and falls affected children between 10 and 14 more. The relationship between age and type of accident is significant (p < 0.005). There is no significant connection between gender and type of accident. CONCLUSIONS: Age and some types of accident are directly related. The majority of accidents tend to occur at home and in the street. We consider that prevention is the best way of decreasing accidents to children. Programmes involving children, parents and teachers should be set up.
