[Tadalafil vs sildenafil patient preference in Spanish men with erectile dysfunction: results from an International Multicentric Study]. / Preferencia de tadalafilo vs sildenafilo en pacientes españoles con disfunción eréctil: resultados procedentes de un estudio multicéntrico internacional.

OBJECTIVE: To compare patient preference for sildenafil citrate (sildenafil) vs. tadalafil and for their respective dosing instructions in a cohort of Spanish patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty four Spanish patients from a multicenter, two period, cross-over, double-blind study (265 patients enrolled in total) were randomized to receive on-demand sildenafil 50 mg or tadalafil 20 mg for 12 weeks and afterwards were crossed over to the alternate regimen for another 12 weeks to assess drug preference in an extension period of the study. Similarly, to evaluate preference for their respective dosing instructions, 30 patients were randomized to one of the 2 arms treated with tadalafil: one with sildenafil (S) dosing instructions and the other with tadalafil (T) dosing instructions. RESULTS: Seventy percent of 56 patients completing the study chose to receive tadalafil treatment versus sildenafil treatment (30%) in the extension period (p<0.01). Correspondingly, 73% of 13 evaluating each drug dosing instructions preferred T dosing instructions (p>0.05). Preference did not vary with age, concomitant diseases and previous use of sildenafil. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, 7 out of 10 patients preferred tadalafil and its dosing instructions to sildenafil, for the treatment of their ED.

Preferencia de Tadalafilo vs Sildenafilo en pacientes españoles con disfunción eréctil: resultados procedentes de un estudio multicéntrico internacional / Tadalafil vs sildenafil patient preference in spanish men with erectile dysfunction: results from an international multicentric study

Fundamento y objetivo: Comparar la preferencia por sildenafilo vs. tadalafilo, y por sus instrucciones de administración en una cohorte de pacientes españoles con disfunción eréctil (DE). Material y método: 64 pacientes españoles participantes en un estudio multicéntrico, de 2 periodos, cruzado y doble-ciego (con 265 pacientes en total) se distribuyeron aleatoriamente para recibir sildenafilo (50 mg) o tadalafilo (20 mg) a demanda durante 12 semanas, tras lo cual se cruzaron para recibir el régimen alternativo otras 12 semanas, para valorar la preferencia por uno de los dos tratamientos en una fase de extensión del estudio. Igualmente, para valorar la preferencia por las respectivas instrucciones de administración, 13 pacientes se distribuyeron en 2 brazos de tratamiento con tadalafilo 20 mg: uno con las instrucciones de administración de sildenafilo (S) y otro con las de tadalafilo (T). Resultados: De los 56 pacientes que finalizaron el estudio, un 70% eligieron recibir tratamiento con tadalafilo frente a sildenafilo (30%) en la extensión (p0,05). La preferencia no varió con la edad, enfermedades concomitantes o uso previo de sildenafilo. Conclusiones: En este estudio, aproximadamente 7 de cada 10 pacientes prefirieron tadalafilo y sus instrucciones de administración frente a sildenafilo, como tratamiento para su DE

Objective: To compare patient preference for sildenafil citrate (sildenafil) vs. tadalafil and for their respective dosing instructions in a cohort of Spanish patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). Material and methods: Sixty four Spanish patients from a multicenter, two period, cross-over, double-blind study (265 patients enrolled in total) were randomized to receive on-demand sildenafil 50 mg or tadalafil 20 mg for 12 weeks and afterwards were crossed over to the alternate regimen for another 12 weeks to assess drug preference in an extension period of the study. Similarly, to evaluate preference for their respective dosing instructions, 30 patients were randomized to one of the 2 arms treated with tadalafil: one with sildenafil (S) dosing instructions and the other with tadalafil (T) dosing instructions. Results: Seventy percent of 56 patients completing the study chose to receive tadalafil treatment versus sildenafil treatment (30%) in the extension period (p0.05). Preference did not vary with age, concomitant diseases and previous use of sildenafil. Conclusions: In this study, 7 out of 10 patients preferred tadalafil and its dosing instructions to sildenafil, for the treatment of their ED

[Percutaneous intrahepatic portosystemic shunting in the treatment of veno-occlusive disease of the liver after bone marrow transplantation]. / Tratamiento de la enfermedad venooclusiva hepática tras trasplante de médula ósea mediante derivación portosistémica percutánea intrahepática.

Veno-occlusive disease of the liver is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality after bone-marrow transplantation. Its clinical manifestations are primarily related to the development of portal hypertension and sinusoidal congestion. The efficacy of the different therapeutic options used is controversial. We present a 22-year-old woman with veno-occlusive liver disease histologically confirmed after autologous bone-marrow transplantation, with progressive alteration in liver biochemistry and ascites. She was treated by percutaneous intrahepatic portosystemic shunting. After the procedure there was a marked improvement in ascites and an increase in diuresis with liver function progressively returning to normal. The safety and efficacy of this approach in the treatment of patients with veno-occlusive liver disease should be evaluated in controlled studies.

[The endoscopic placement of self-expanding metal prostheses as palliative treatment in colorectal stenosis of tumor origin]. / Colocación de prótesis metálicas autoexpandibles por vía endoscópica como tratamiento paliativo en estenosis colorrectales de origen tumoral.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the endoscopic placement of autoexpandible metallic prostheses of the colon carried out in our department as palliative treatment in patients with colorectal stenosis of tumoral origin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From may, 1995 to august, 1998, autoexpandible metallic prostheses were placed in 14 patients (11 males and 3 females, mean age 64.5 years, range 41-92). All the patients presented tumoral stenosis by adenocarcinoma, 5 of which had been previously treated by surgery. RESULTS: All the stenoses were found in the rectum/sigma at less than 35 cm from the anal margin. In 7 patients endoscopic dilatation was performed prior to placement of the autoexpandible metallic prostheses. The prostheses used had a diameter of 18 mm and were of variable length. The placement of the prostheses was successfully achieved in all the patients except 2 (one due to technical difficulties and in the other because of early migration of the same, in both the autoexpandible metallic prostheses was placed without complications within 24 h). In two cases early complications were observed (14%): one case due to perforation and one to early migration. In two patients stenosis of the prostheses was observed during follow up and in a third patient late migration occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic placement of autoexpandible metallic prostheses in patients with colorectal stenosis of tumoral origin is a simple technique with few complications and may be used as a definitive palliative treatment in these patients.

[The usefulness of transjugular hepatic biopsy in the evaluation of liver disease in candidates for heart transplantation]. / Utilidad de la biopsia hepática transyugular en la evaluación de la hepatopatía en el paciente candidato a trasplante cardíaco.

Heart transplantation is a universally accepted procedure in the treatment of terminal heart diseases. However, the presence of advanced liver disease in the potential receptors represents a contraindication for heart transplantation. On the other hand, the true diagnosis of liver disease not secondary to heart disease may be difficult requiring confirmatory liver biopsy. Nonetheless, percutaneous liver biopsy may be difficult to perform due to presence of coagulation alterations, marked dilatation of the hepatic veins, etc. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transjugular hepatic biopsy in the presence of severe coagulopathy in potential heart transplantation receptors with suspicion of liver disease and contraindication of percutaneous liver biopsy. Over a 9-year period, 350 potential heart transplantation patients were evaluated. In 23 patients (6.7%) transjugular hepatic biopsy was performed with aspiration needle followed by a hemodynamic study in 17 cases. The transjugular hepatic biopsy was completed in 22 cases (95.6%) with adequate material for the diagnosis being obtained in 21 (91.3% of the total cases indicated). Histologic study showed significant inflammatory infiltrates or alteration of the hepatic architecture in 4 patients (18%), all being positive for some viral markers (AgHBs or anti-HCV). The obtaining of a certain histologic diagnosis modified the consideration of liver disease as a definitive contraindication and allowed the performance of heart transplantation in 17 patients (73.9%). No complications were observed in association with the procedure. The transjugular hepatic biopsy is a feasible, effective and safe alternative for obtaining liver tissue in patients under evaluation for heart transplantation with suspicion of severe liver disease. The establishment of a correct histologic diagnosis may modify the clinical decision in an important number of patients.

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for coronary stenosis following radiotherapy.

A 50-year-old woman who developed severe angina pectoris 67 months following radiation therapy of the left side of the chest for adenocarcinoma of the left breast is reported. Angiographic studies showed an isolated severe stenosis in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was performed.

Controversies in psychiatric education: a survey of residents' attitudes.

The authors administered a questionnaire including statements regarding controversies in psychiatric education to 86 residents in six programs in the Washington, D.C./Baltimore, Md., area. The residents were asked for their opinions on educational policies, ideological issues in psychiatry, their identification with traditional areas of medicine, and future regulatory practices for psychiatry. The data gathered show some shifts in attitudes among first-second-, and third-year residents. They also show a marked inclination toward dynamic-analytically oriented psychotherapy. The authors conclude that substantial changes will be required in the core curriculum of residency education if the prediction that tomorrow's psychiatrist will be a complete psychobiologist is to be fulfilled.