Gait speed according to cognitive status in older adults: a cross-sectional study in a resource-limited country.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association between gait speed and cognitive status in outpatient older adults from a resource-limited setting in Peru. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study including older adults aged ≥60 years attending a geriatrics outpatient clinic between July 2017 and February 2020. Gait speed was measured over a 10-meters distance without considering the first and last meter traveled. Cognitive status was assessed through the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We used a multivariate binomial logistic regression to conduct both an epidemiological and fully adjusted models. RESULTS: We included 519 older adults (mean age: 75 years; IQR = 10), of whom 95 (18.3%) and 151 (31.5%) were cognitively impaired according to the SPMSQ and MMSE, respectively. Gait speed was slower among patients with poorer cognitive status as assessed by both tools (p < 0.001). Malnutrition (PR: 1.74; CI: 1.45-2.08) and functional dependency (PR: 4.35; CI: 2.68-7.08) were associated with a greater prevalence of cognitive impairment according to the SPMSQ, whereas a faster gait speed (PR: 0.27, CI: 0.14-0.52) and longer years of education (PR: 0.83, CI: 0.77-0.88) were associated with a less prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: Slower gait speed was associated with poorer cognitive status in outpatient older adults. Gait speed may be a complementary tool in the cognitive assessment of older adults from resource-limited settings.

Investigaciones sobre envejecimiento realizadas por estudiantes universitarios en el Perú / Research about aging carried out by university students in Peru

Introducción: La promoción de la investigación a nivel universitario ofrece múltiples beneficios para los estudiantes y es considerada reflejo de la calidad educativa de las universidades. Objetivo: Describir las características de la investigación sobre envejecimiento realizada por estudiantes universitarios en el Perú. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de las tesis de pre y post grado sobre envejecimiento realizadas en el Perú entre los años 1980 al 2013. Se realizó la búsqueda por palabras claves en las bases de datos de universidades del país y en bases de datos electrónicas nacionales y Latinoamericanas con la selección basada en el cumplimiento del proceso metodológico de investigación. Resultados: Se identificaron 500 tesis; la mayoría de pregrado (74,4 por ciento) y relativas al área geriátrica (78 por ciento). El tema social fue el más estudiado (12,8 por ciento) en el área gerontologico y el quirúrgico (8,1 por ciento) en el geriátrico. La mayor proporción de las tesis fueron descriptivas (92 por ciento), de corte transversal (69,6 por ciento) y relativas al área geriátrica (78 por ciento), tanto en pre como en postgrado. Durante el periodo estudiado la proporción de tesis realizadas muestra un aumento progresivo con un incremento significativo en el número de estudios analíticos y de corte prospectivo. Conclusión: La investigación desarrollada por estudiantes universitarios sobre envejecimiento en el Perú es principalmente de tipo transversal, relativa al área geriatrica y muestra un incremento significativo en el periodo estudiado(AU)

Introduction: The promotion of research at the university level offers multiple benefits to students and is indicative of educational quality of universities. Objective: To describe the characteristics of research about aging carried out by university students in Peru. Methods: Descriptive study of the diploma papers and postgraduate theses about aging presented in Peru between 1980 and 2013. The search was carried out by keywords in the databases in the of country's universities and in electronic databases both national and from Latin American, the selection being based on compliance with the research methodological process. Results: We identified 500 works, most of which were diploma papers (74.4 percent) and on the topic of the geriatric field (78 percent). The social issue was the most studied (12.8 percent) in the gerontological field. The surgical topic was the most studied (8.1 percent) in the geriatric field. The majority of the works were descriptive (92 percent), cross-sectional (69.6 percent) and associated with the geriatric field (78 percent), both in the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. During the period under study, the proportion of papers and theses research carried out shows a progressive increase, with a significant increase in the number of analytical and prospective studies. Conclusion: Research developed by university students about aging in Peru is mainly cross-sectional and associated with to the geriatric field. In the period studied, it shows a significant increase(AU)

Effect of multimorbidity on gait speed in well-functioning older people: A population-based study in Peru.

AIM: To determine the association between multimorbidity and gait speed in a population-based sample of older people without functional dependency. METHODS: Data were obtained from a previously made cross-sectional population-based study of individuals aged >60 years carried out in San Martin de Porres, the second most populous district in Lima, Peru. We included well-functioning, independent older people. Exclusion criteria emphasized removing conditions that would impair gait. The exposure of interest was non-communicable chronic disease multimorbidity, and the outcome was gait speed determined by the time required for the participant to walk a distance of 8 m out of a total distance of 10 m. Generalized linear models were used to estimate adjusted gait speed by multimorbidity status. RESULTS: Data from 265 older adults with a median age of 68 years (IQR 63-75 years) and 54% women were analyzed. The median gait speed was 1.06 m/s (SD 0.27) and the mean number of chronic conditions per adult was 1.1 (SD ±1). The difference in mean gait speed between older adults without a chronic condition and those with ≥3 chronic conditions was 0.24 m/s. In crude models, coefficients decreased by a significant exponential factor for every increase in the number of chronic conditions. Further adjustment attenuated these estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Slower speed gaits are observed across the spectrum of multimorbidity in older adults without functional dependency. The role of gait speed as a simple indicator to evaluate and monitor general health status in older populations is expanded to include older adults without dependency. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 293-300.