Trombo sobre la red de Chiari: Thrombus on Chiari Network

El descubrimiento de una masa en la aurícula derecha obliga a realizar un amplio diagnóstico diferencial que incluye tumores, vegetaciones, trombo, válvula de Eustaquio o red de Chiari. Tradicionalmente, estas posibilidades etiológicas se han considerado excluyentes. En esta presentación se describe el caso de un varón con cuadro catarral, dolorimiento generalizado y febrícula, con diagnóstico de fibrilación auricular y, mediante ecocardiograma, de una masa alargada muy móvil en la aurícula derecha. Se plantearon diferentes entidades etiológicas y finalmente se inició tratamiento con heparina, con lo que se produjo la resolución de dicha masa, con persistencia de una estructura filamentosa compatible con la red de Chiari.

The presence of a mass in the right atrium requires a broad differential diagnosis including tumors, vegetations, thrombus, Eustachian valve, or Chiari network. Traditionally, these etiological possibilities have been considered exclusive. This report describes the case of a male patient with catarrh, generalized tenderness and low-grade fever, diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. An echocardiography revealed a mobile, elongated mass in the right atrium. Different etiological entities were posed, and finally heparin treatment was started which resolved the mass, with a persistent filamentous structure compatible with Chiari network.

Trombo sobre la red de Chiari: Thrombus on Chiari Network

El descubrimiento de una masa en la aurícula derecha obliga a realizar un amplio diagnóstico diferencial que incluye tumores, vegetaciones, trombo, válvula de Eustaquio o red de Chiari. Tradicionalmente, estas posibilidades etiológicas se han considerado excluyentes. En esta presentación se describe el caso de un varón con cuadro catarral, dolorimiento generalizado y febrícula, con diagnóstico de fibrilación auricular y, mediante ecocardiograma, de una masa alargada muy móvil en la aurícula derecha. Se plantearon diferentes entidades etiológicas y finalmente se inició tratamiento con heparina, con lo que se produjo la resolución de dicha masa, con persistencia de una estructura filamentosa compatible con la red de Chiari.(AU)

The presence of a mass in the right atrium requires a broad differential diagnosis including tumors, vegetations, thrombus, Eustachian valve, or Chiari network. Traditionally, these etiological possibilities have been considered exclusive. This report describes the case of a male patient with catarrh, generalized tenderness and low-grade fever, diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. An echocardiography revealed a mobile, elongated mass in the right atrium. Different etiological entities were posed, and finally heparin treatment was started which resolved the mass, with a persistent filamentous structure compatible with Chiari network.(AU)

Characteristics of culprit atheromatous plaques obtained in vivo by intravascular ultrasound radiofrequency analysis: results from the CULPLAC study.

OBJECTIVES: We used virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) to investigate the characteristics of culprit lesions in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). BACKGROUND: Autopsy studies of patients who died of ACS have shown that culprit atheromatous plaques almost always contain a large lipid-necrotic core covered by a ruptured thin fibrous cap. There are no studies of sufficient size that have assessed the in vivo characterization of plaques responsible for ACS. METHODS: Patients undergoing angiography for stable ischemic heart disease and ACS (with and without ST-segment elevation) were enrolled in a prospective study. Lesions in patients with stable angina were classified as stable and those in patients with ACS as culprit or nonculprit. RESULTS: The study included 189 patients: VH-IVUS was used to assess 253 lesions (73 stable, 82 nonculprit, and 98 culprit lesions). The thin-cap fibroatheroma phenotype (VH-TCFA) was more frequent among lesions in patients with ACS (55.1% in culprit lesions, 36.6% in nonculprit lesions and 14.4% in stable lesions; P = .007). The arc of the VH-TCFA exposed to the vessel lumen was significantly greater in culprit lesions than in nonculprit lesions (122.28° ± 58 vs 89.46° ± 52; respectively; P = .007). Multivariate analysis showed that VH-TCFA (OR 2.1; P = .033), calcified nodules (OR 2.1; P = .046), positive remodeling (OR 3.5; P < .001) and necrotic core volume (OR 1.02;P = .009) were independently associated with a clinically identified culprit lesion. CONCLUSIONS: Plaque phenotype, rather than the proportion of each tissue, appears to be associated with plaque instability. VH-TCFA, particularly subtype IV, is associated with lesions responsible for ACS.

Angiografía del día siguiente tras fibrinólisis exitosa frente al tratamiento convencional, en el síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del segmento ST, fibrinolisado / Angiography performed the next day after successful thrombolysis versus conventional treatment in acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation

Introducción y objetivos: la incorporación de las nuevas guías de actuación de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología en el síndrome coronario agudo, con coronariografía precoz (24 horas) tras trombólisis, incluso si es efectiva y sin necesidad de demostrar signos de isquemia residual, en los casos en los que no se realiza angioplastia primaria, ha supuesto un reto respecto a la forma tradicional de actuar en los Servicios de Cardiología. Métodos: durante 2007, 2008 y la primera mitad de 2009 se atendieron 266 pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio con ST elevado tratados con trombólisis. De ellos, y tras excluir los rescates (41), en 94 (42%) se realizó cateterismo dentro de las primeras 24 horas (angiografía del día siguiente) y en los 131 (58%) restantes se siguió una estrategia convencional con test de provocación de isquemia (tratamiento convencional). Resultados: en el primer grupo, la estancia media fue de 7,3 ± 3 días [mediana, rango intercuantílico: 7 (5-8)]. La incidencia de eventos mortales al año fue de 3 (4%). No hubo ningún sangrado mayor; sólo 20 de ellos (22%) presentaron hematomas inguinales mayores de 2 cm. En el segundo, la estancia media fue de 10,2 ± 6,3 días [9 (6-13)], significativamente mayor (p<0,001). El número de eventos mortales al año fue de 7 (11%), sin que se observaran diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,52). Conclusiones: la angiografía del día siguiente se asocia con una reducción de la estancia media respecto al tratamiento convencional. Además, parece mostrar una tendencia (no significativa) de reducción de mortalidad al año, sin que aumente el número de complicaciones hemorrágicas.

Introduction and objectives: The introduction of new practice guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology in acute coronary syndrome with early coronary angiography (24 hours) after thrombolysis, even if it is effective without showing signs of residual ischemia in the cases where primary angioplasty is not performed, has been a challenge over the traditional approach in the Departments of Cardiology. Methods: During 2007, 2008 and the first half of 2009, 266 patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation were treated with thrombolysis. After excluding the bailouts (41), in 94 (42%) of them, a catheterization was peformed within the first 24 hours (next day angiography) and the remaining 131 (58%) underwent a conventional strategy with a provocation test to elicit ischemia (conventional treatment). Results: In the first group, the average stay was 7.3 ± 3 days [median interquartile range: 7 (5-8)]. The incidence of fatal events per year was 3 (4%). There were no major bleeding, only 20 of them (22%) had groin hematomas larger than 2 cm. In the second group, the average stay was 10.2 ± 6.3 days [9 (6-13)], significantly higher (p <0.001). The number of fatal events per year was 7 (11%) and no statistically significant differences were observed (p = 0.52). Conclusions: Angiography performed the next day is associated with reduced length of stay compared to conventional treatment. It also seems to show a trend (not significant) of reduction in year mortality without increasing the number of bleeding complications.

Histología virtual de una lesión oclusiva trombótica aguda / No disponible

No disponible

[External and internal electrical cardioversion: comparative, prospective evaluation of cell damage by means of troponin I]. / Cardioversión eléctrica externa y sistemas de cardioversión interna: evaluación prospectiva y comparativa del daño celular con troponina I.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: In this study we measured the concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and several biochemical markers of myocardial damage after elective external cardioversion or internal cardioversion by specific catheters or automatic defibrillators. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Biochemical markers were analyzed prospectively for 30 consecutive patients after electrical cardioversion. Concentrations of cTnI, myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB and the MB/CK ratio were determined in samples before cardioversion and 2, 8 and 24 h later. The shock energy ranged from 50 to 360 joules (235 106 joules) in external cardioversions and from 3 to 37 joules (15 8 joules) in internal cardioversions. RESULTS: We detected abnormal concentrations of CK, myoglobin, CK-MB and MB/CK in 33% of the patients after external cardioversion. The concentrations of cTnI remained within normal limits at all times, with no elevations detected. Whereas no abnormal concentration of any biochemical marker was detected in any patient who required internal cardioversion for atrial fibrillation, two patients who underwent external cardioversion from an automatic defibrillator did have abnormal concentrations of CK-MB, myoglobin, and even of cTnI. CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of cTnI remained below the detection limit after external cardioversion, even though the other more non-specific markers changed. No enzyme alteration was detected in patients who underwent internal cardioversion of atrial fibrillation.