ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary disorder affecting dental enamel. Among its phenotypes, hypocalcified AI is characterized by mineral deficiency, leading to tissue wear and, consequently, dental sensitivity. Excessive fluoride intake (through drinking water, fluoride supplements, toothpaste, or by ingesting products such as pesticides or insecticides) can lead to a condition known as dental fluorosis, which manifests as stains and teeth discoloration affecting their structure. Our recent studies have shown that extracts from Colombian native plants, Ilex guayusa and Piper marginatum, deposit mineral ions such as phosphate and orthophosphate into the dental enamel structure; however, it is unknown whether these extracts produce toxic effects on the dental pulp. OBJECTIVE: To assess cytotoxicity effects on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) exposed to extracts isolated from I. guayusa and P. marginatum and, hence, their safety for clinical use. METHODS: Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry techniques were employed. For Raman spectroscopy, hDPSCs were seeded onto nanobiochips designed to provide surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS effect), which enhances their Raman signal by several orders of magnitude. After eight days in culture, I. guayusa and P. marginatum extracts at different concentrations (10, 50, and 100 ppm) were added. Raman measurements were performed at 0, 12, and 24 h following extract application. Fluorescence microscopy was conducted using an OLIMPUS fv1000 microscope, a live-dead assay was performed using a kit employing a BD FACS Canto TM II flow cytometer, and data analysis was determined using a FlowJo program. RESULTS: The Raman spectroscopy results showed spectra consistent with viable cells. These findings were corroborated using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry techniques, confirming high cellular viability. CONCLUSIONS: The analyzed extracts exhibited low cytotoxicity, suggesting that they could be safely applied on enamel for remineralization purposes. The use of nanobiochips for SERS effect improved the cell viability assessment.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine if native Colombian Piper marginatum Jacq. and Ilex guayusa Loes plant extracts have a remineralizing effect on teeth with Amelogenesis imperfecta in comparison with the commercial products Clinpro-3M and Recaldent™. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An in vitro study was carried out with 128 human teeth slices (64 healthy and 64 with Amelogenesis imperfecta) on which an initial Raman spectroscopy was performed followed by Raman spectroscopies at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h to determine possible remineralization by observing mineral increase or decrease as a result of P. marginatum Jacq. and I. guayusa Loes extract application in comparison to control substance (Clinpro and Recaldent™) application. Obtained data were analyzed using a bivariate method with a t unidirectional test. Significant differences among groups were determined by an ANOVA with Dunnett post hoc tests. RESULTS: Native I. guayusa Loes and P. marginatum Jacq. Colombian plants extracts exhibited phosphate and orthophosphate mineral apposition, where P. marginatum Jacq. presented better results. CONCLUSIONS: Native Colombian I. guayusa Loes and P. marginatum Jacq plant extract might in the future be useful for dental tissue remineralization, as they induced phosphate and orthophosphate mineral apposition, main components of tooth enamel. These types of natural compounds can become an alternative to fluorine, whose ingestion is harmful to the human body.
Subject(s)
Amelogenesis Imperfecta , Colombia , Humans , Minerals/analysis , Phosphates/analysis , Plant Extracts/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Ginger is a plant that is native to southern China. In the last decade and research on the components of ginger has significantly increased; of these components, 6-shogaol exhibits the greatest potential antitumor capacity. However, the molecular mechanism through which 6-shogaol exerts its effects has not yet been elucidated. In this study, the effect of 6-shogaol on tumor cells that were derived from human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) was evaluated. Cell viability was determined by a (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) MTT assay testing different concentrations of 6-shogaol (2.5-150 µM). Subsequently, the effect of 6-shogaol on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glucose uptake, and protein expression of the signaling pathway phosphatase and tensin homolog/ protein kinase B /mammalian target of rapamycin (PTEN/Akt/mTOR) was measured. 6-Shogaol reduced the viability of the tumor cells and caused an increase in ROS production, which was attenuated with the addition of N-acetylcysteine, and the recovery of cell viability was observed. The increase in ROS production in response to 6-shogaol was associated with cell death. Similarly, glucose uptake decreased with incremental concentrations of 6-shogaol, and an increase in the expression of mTOR-p and Akt-p proteins was observed; PTEN was active in all the treatments with 6-shogaol. Thus, the results suggest that cells activate uncontrolled signaling pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR, among other alternative mechanisms of metabolic modulation and of survival in order to counteract the pro-oxidant effect of 6-shogaol and the decrease in glucose uptake. Interestingly, a differential response was observed when non-cancerous cells were treated with 6-shogaol.
ABSTRACT
The bio-flocculants used in this study were synthesised by the Mannich reaction, which includes three reagents: a substrate (tannin extracts of Acacia, Quebracho, and Castanea), formaldehyde, and an amine derivative (ethanolamine, diethanolamine, ammonium chloride). Nine natural flocculants were prepared by combining extracts and amines; these products were evaluated in three different wastewater samples in two experimental phases. In phase I, five physicochemical parameters were analysed. From the data obtained, a multivariate, completely randomised design (CRD-Manava) was used, with a factorial arrangement and mean plots. In phase II, the three bio-flocculants with the most statistically significant responses and their mixtures were examined, evaluating 14 biological and physicochemical parameters. Statistical analysis was guided in this phase by CRD blocks, finding a significant removal in the physicochemical parameters analysed in the different types of wastewater and obtaining removal rates between 50 and 90%, depending on the parameter. At the end of both phases, the bio-flocculants acacia-ammonium chloride and quebracho-diethanolamine were the most efficient in the removal of turbidity (34-99%), true colour (93-100%) and total solids (12-99%). In addition, the natural flocculants showed low mutagenicity index (MI: 0.33-0.93) compared to aluminium sulphate (MI: 4.87-8.81).
Subject(s)
Acacia/chemistry , Tannins/chemistry , Wastewater/chemistry , Water Purification/methods , Alum Compounds , Flocculation , Waste Disposal, Fluid , Water Pollutants, ChemicalABSTRACT
Se informa el caso de una paciente quien sufrió múltiples traumatismos como consecuencia de la explosión de una bolsa neumática protectora en un impacto automovilístico a baja velocidad. Entre las lesiones ocurridas sufrió parálisis del nervio radial como consecuencia de la contusión a nivel del tercio medio del brazo, se describe su evolución y se hace una revisión de la literatura internacional.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Radial Nerve , Air Bags , Paralysis/diagnosis , Nerve Crush/rehabilitationABSTRACT
Se informa el caso de una paciente que sufrió múltiples traumatismos como consecuencia de la explosión de una bolsa neumática protectora durante un impacto automovilístico a baja velocidad. Entre las lesiones ocurridas sufrió parálisis del nervio radial como consecuencia de la contusión a nivel del tercio medio del brazo, se describe su evolución y se hace una revisión de la literatura internacional.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Air Bags , Arm Injuries/therapy , Hypesthesia/therapy , Radial Nerve/injuries , Nerve Compression Syndromes/diagnosisABSTRACT
Se ha observado un patrón de lesiones que característicamente aparece en aquellos cirujanos que practican cirugía laparoscópica. Se aplicó una encuesta entre la población quirúrgicamente activa del Hospital ABC, en México, D.F., para conocer la frecuencia de estas lesiones. Se repartieron 100 encuestas, obteniendo respuesta en 64 de ellas. Se analizan los resultados, discutiendo la fisiopatología de cada lesión y proponiendo medidas para reducir la frecuencia de estas lesiones
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , General Surgery , Laparoscopy , Muscle Fatigue , Muscular Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Tenosynovitis/etiologyABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso de un paciente que cursó con una parálisis temporal del nervio ciático poplíteo externo debido al uso de crioterapia con sistema CRYO-CUFFmr en el postoperatorio de una osteosíntesis de platillo tibial
