Mapping of a soybean rust resistance in PI 594756 at the Rpp1 locus.

Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is the main disease affecting soybean in Brazil. This study aimed at investigating and mapping the resistance of the PI 594756 to P. pachyrhizi, by using Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA). The PI 594756 and the susceptible PI 594891 were crossed and the resulting F2 and F2:3 populations (208 and 1770 plants, respectively) were tested against ASR. Also, these PIs and differential varieties were tested against a panel of monosporic isolates. Plants presenting tan lesions were classified as susceptible (S) while plants presenting reddish-brown (RB) lesions were classified as resistant. DNA bulks were genotyped with Infinium BeadChips and the genomic region identified was further analyzed in the F2 individuals with target GBS (tGBS). PI 594,56 presented a unique resistance profile compared to the differential varieties. The resistance was monogenic dominant; however, it was classified as incompletely dominant when quantitatively studied. Genetic and QTL mapping placed the PI 594756 gene between the genomic region located at 55,863,741 and 56,123,516 bp of chromosome 18. This position is slightly upstream mapping positions of Rpp1 (PI 200492) and Rpp1-b (PI 594538A). Finally, we performed a haplotype analysis in a whole genomic sequencing-SNP database composed of Brazilian historical germplasm and sources of Rpp genes. We found SNPs that successfully differentiated the new PI 594756 allele from Rpp1 and Rpp1-b sources. The haplotype identified can be used as a tool for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01358-4.

The molecular effects of electrical stimulation on the muscle components of the urethra of female rats after trauma by vaginal distention.

AIMS: To evaluate the expression of genes and proteins related to the urethral muscles of female rats after trauma by vaginal distention (VD) and after electrical stimulation therapy (EST). METHODS: We compared the urethras of four groups of 20 animals each: control without trauma (C), 7 (recent-trauma) and 30 days (late-trauma) post-VD, and VD-treated with EST. We evaluated the expression of myogenic regulatory factors MYOD1 and myogenin (MYOG); skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain 1, 2, and 3 (MYH1, MYH2, and MYH3); smooth muscle MYH11; and myosin light chain 9 (MYL9). We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: MYOD1 and MYOG genes were overexpressed in the recent-trauma group compared with the other groups (P < .05). MYH1 and MYH3 genes were upregulated in the recent-trauma group compared with the control and EST groups (P < .05). The MYH2 gene was overexpressed in the late-trauma group (P < .05), while the MYH2 protein was significantly increased in the EST group compared with control, recent-trauma and late-trauma groups by 5-, 3-, and 2.7-fold change, respectively (P < .05). MYL9 and MYH11 messenger RNA were overexpressed in both trauma groups compared with control and EST groups (P < .05). MYH11 protein was not different among the study groups (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: EST enhances the recovery of the damaged urethral tissue of rats mainly by acting on the striated-muscle components. The MYH2 pathway underlies the positive effects of EST in the external urethral sphincter.

A função do mediador escolar à luz da psicanálise / The role of school mediator in the light of psychoanalysis

A função de mediador escolar foi criada para dar conta de crianças e adolescentes com necessidades educacionais especiais, incluídos em escolas regulares. Na tentativa de compreender as dificuldades de aprendizagem a partir da ótica psicanalítica, buscou-se situar o lugar do mediador e sua possível contribuição para a criança com dificuldades escolares. Fazendo um paralelo à função de mediação simbólica operada pelo significante Nome-do-Pai, situamos o mediador como aquele que, ao proporcionar à criança um espaço de escuta onde esta pode lhe endereçar o seu sofrimento, possibilita a elaboração das questões subjetivas que estão em jogo para a criança e que podem estar impedindo o desenvolvimento de sua pulsão epistemofílica. Este trabalho descritivo, partindo de uma experiência de estágio em mediação escolar e alicerçado na pesquisa bibliográfica, tem por objetivo realizar um estudo exploratório – sem pretensão de esgotá-lo – sobre as possibilidades de atuação do psicanalista como mediador escolar.(AU)

The role of school mediator was created to provide care for children and teen agers with special educational needs in regular schools. In an attempt to understand the difficulties of learning from a psychoanalytical point of view, the aim was to situate the mediator's place and its possible contribution to the child with school difficulties. Paralleling the function of symbolic mediation operated by the Parent-Name signifier, we situate the mediator as one who, by providing the child with a listening space where he can address his or her suffering, enables the elaboration of the subjective questions that are in game for the child and that may be impeding the development of its knowing impulse. This descriptive work, based on an internship experience in school mediation and based on bibliographical research, aims to carry out an exploratory study - without pretension to exhaust it - on the psychoanalyst's possibilities of acting as a school mediator.(AU).

Isolamento e caracterizaçäo de genes codificadores de cisteína proteinases de amastigotas de Leishmania (L) amazonensis / Isolation and characterization of genes encoding cysteine proteinases of Leishmania (L) amazonensis

O enfoque do presente trabalho foi o isolamento e a caracterização de dois genes codificadores de cisteína proteinases de formas amastigotas de L. (L.) amazonensis, LIacys1 e Llacys2. O gene Llacys1 foi obtido pela amplificação por PCR, utilizando-se oligonucleotídeos derivados da região codificadora do gene Lpcys1 de Leishmania (L.) pifanoi e DNA genômico de L. (L.) amazonenses, originando um fragmento de 1.08 kb. O gene Llacys1 foi clonado e seqüenciado e a análise da sua seqüência mostrou que ele apresenta alta identidade com genes codificadores de cisteína proteinases de várias espécies de Leishmania, tais como Lpcys1 de L. (L.) pifanoi, Lmcpa de L. (L.) mexicana, cpa de L. (L.) major e Ldccys2 de L. (L.) chagasi. A análise da seqüência predita de aminoácidos mostrou que a proteinase codificada pelo Llacys1 apresenta a pré e a pró-região, assim como os resíduos conservados de cisteína e histidina presentes no sítio catalítico dessas enzimas e os motivos conservados característicos de cisteína proteinases do tipo catepsina L. Foram também observados nessa seqüência alguns prováveis epítopos de classe I e II do MHC. Dois clones foram isolados de uma genoteca de cDNA de amastigotas de L. (L.) amazonensis previamente construída em vetor ÂZipLox, 2A1 e 3A, que apresentaram 100 por cento de identidade com o gene Llacys1, porém diferiam entre si em relação ao número de tratos de pirimidina presentes nas suas regiões 3'UTR. A expressão do gene Llacys1 em sistema bacteriano só foi possível após a eliminação do seu peptídeo sinal, utilizando a amplificação por PCR a partir da segunda metionina e resultando um fragmento de 870 pb denominado Llacys1'. A expressão do Llacys1' em E. coli gerou uma proteína recombinante que não foi reconhecida pelo AcMo 2E5D3, reativo com a cisteína proteinase de 30 kDa, p30, de L. (L.) amazonensis, indicando que o gene Llacys1 codifica uma cisteína proteinase diferente da p30. O gene Llacys2 de L. (L.) amazonensis foi isolado da...(au)