Subject(s)
Atherosclerosis/diagnosis , HIV Infections/blood , HIV-1/physiology , Lipids/blood , Viremia/metabolism , Atherosclerosis/etiology , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Female , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Viral Load , Viremia/complications , Viremia/drug therapyABSTRACT
Distance to HIV care may be associated with retention in care (RIC) and viral suppression (VS). RIC (≥ 2 HIV visits or labs ≥ 90 days apart in 12 months), prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART), VS (< 200 copies/mL at last visit) and distance to care were estimated among 3623 DC Cohort participants receiving HIV care in 13 outpatient clinics in Washington, DC in 2015. Logistic regression models and geospatial statistics were computed. RIC was 73%; 97% were on ART, among whom 77% had VS. ZIP code-level clusters of low RIC and high VS were found in Northwest DC, and low VS in Southeast DC. Those traveling ≥ 5 miles had 30% lower RIC (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.71, 95% CI 0.58, 0.86) and lower VS (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.52, 0.94). Geospatial clustering of RIC and VS was observed, and distance may be a barrier to optimal HIV care outcomes.
Subject(s)
Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Continuity of Patient Care/statistics & numerical data , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV/drug effects , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Retention in Care/statistics & numerical data , Viral Load/drug effects , Adult , Cluster Analysis , Cohort Studies , District of Columbia , Female , Humans , Male , Microbial Viability/drug effects , Middle Aged , Patient Dropouts/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
It was found [Vision Res. 36 (1996) 2125] that reaction times for repeated targets were longer in detection and location discrimination tasks (inhibition of return; IOR) and shorter in color and orientation discrimination tasks (facilitation of return; FOR). The present experiment, using a more detailed analysis, shows that both IOR and FOR can be found in the discrimination tasks. Overall, the results are inconsistent with the notion that IOR and FOR effects reside in separate visual pathways. Rather, the results are accounted for by repetition priming and IOR that occur with specific combinations of target features and task demands.
