ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Daily diaries are a useful way of measuring fluctuations in pain-related symptoms. However, traditional diaries do not assure the gathering of data in real time, not solving the problem of retrospective assessment. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) by means of electronic diaries helps to improve repeated assessment. However, it is important to test its feasibility in specific populations in order to reach a wider number of people who could benefit from these procedures. METHODS: The present study compares the compliance and acceptability of an electronic diary running on a smartphone using a crossover design for a sample with a specific pain condition, fibromyalgia and low familiarity with technology. Forty-seven participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: (1) paper diary - smartphone diary and (2) smartphone diary - paper diary, using each assessment method for 1 week. RESULTS: The findings of this study showed that the smartphone diary made it possible to gather more accurate and complete ratings. Besides, this method was well accepted by a sample of patients with fibromyalgia referred by a public hospital, with an important proportion of participants with low level of education and low familiarity with technology. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study support the use of smartphones for EMA even in specific populations with a specific pain condition, fibromyalgia and with low familiarity with technology. These methods could help clinicians and researchers to gather more accurate ratings of relevant pain-related variables even in populations with low familiarity with technology.
Subject(s)
Cell Phone/statistics & numerical data , Chronic Pain/diagnosis , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Monitoring, Ambulatory/instrumentation , Pain Measurement/instrumentation , Patient Preference , Adult , Aged , Chronic Pain/etiology , Cross-Over Studies , Female , Fibromyalgia/complications , Humans , Male , Medical Records/standards , Middle Aged , Monitoring, Ambulatory/standards , Pain Measurement/standardsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Organ transplantation places patients at risk for tuberculosis (TB), which constitutes a challenge to physicians due to its atypical and extrapulmonary presentations, complicated treatment issues, and high morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We identified all patients with TB following solid organ transplantation at a large university medical center in New York. Demographic data, transplant characteristics (type of organ and donor), underlying medical conditions, immunosuppressive drugs, rejection and opportunistic infections were analyzed, and a nested case-control study was performed to identify factors associated with the development of TB. RESULTS: From 1988 to 2007, 4925 transplants were performed at Columbia University Medical Center: 1858 kidney, 857 liver, 1714 heart, 460 lung, and 36 heart/lung. Thirteen patients developed TB, for a cumulative incidence of 264/100,000. Of the 13 patients who developed TB, 10 had a kidney transplant, 2 had a lung transplant, and 1 had a heart transplant. The median time to develop TB was 11.2 (interquartile ratio: 4.4-23.0) months following transplantation. These cases were compared with 52 randomly selected control patients who had transplants not complicated by TB. Patients with TB were more likely to be renal transplant recipients (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 4.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-19.67) and to be non-Caucasians (adjusted OR: 3.94; 95% CI: 0.99-15.56) than controls. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of TB in post-transplant patients is much higher than the overall background incidence in the United States. Non-Caucasian and kidney transplant recipients appear to be at increased risk of developing TB. This may be associated with prior exposure to TB before transplant in these populations.
Subject(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Organ Transplantation/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Incidence , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Male , Middle Aged , New York/epidemiology , Racial Groups , Risk Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adolescent , Humans , Health Promotion/methods , Adolescent Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/methods , Models, OrganizationalABSTRACT
Los objtivos furon: determinar la prevalencia de los estados h`pertensivos del embarazo en pacientes aistidas en el Centro Médico OSPECOM de Tucumán y determinar los factores de riesgo más frecuentes asociados
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Hypertension , Pregnancy , Prevalence , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Los objtivos furon: determinar la prevalencia de los estados h`pertensivos del embarazo en pacientes aistidas en el Centro Médico OSPECOM de Tucumán y determinar los factores de riesgo más frecuentes asociados
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Risk Factors , Pregnancy , Prevalence , HypertensionABSTRACT
The Law on Medicaments warns in its article 39, of the existence of immunological medicaments in the context of the so called "special", adapting the Directive 89/342/CEE to the Spanish Pharmaceutical Legislation. Under this perspective, immunological medicaments are regulated, adopting for that, the necessary measures to guarantee raw materials quality, and the necessary provisions are established for the observance of criteria on quality, reliability and efficiency of this kind of medicaments authorization, production and control. The most outstanding thing in the Royal Decree 288/91 of 8th March, is the faculty conferred to the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs to submit for previous authorization each lot of immunological medicaments before they are commercialized. Therefore, this is an innovatory Royal Decree regulating correctly this special kind of medicaments and collecting all tendencies dictated by the European Community.
