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1.
Cardiovasc Ultrasound ; 22(1): 7, 2024 Jun 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38858752

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To evaluate the feasibility of a transthoracic echocardiogram using an apical-subcostal protocol in invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and prone position. METHODS: Prospective study of adults who required a prone position during IMV. A pillow was placed only under the left hemithorax in the prone position to elevate and ease the apical and subcostal windows. A critical care cardiologist (prone group) acquired and evaluated the images using the apical-subcostal protocol. Besides, we used ambulatory echocardiograms performed as a comparative group (supine group). RESULTS: 86 patients were included, 43 in the prone and 43 in the supine. In the prone group, the indication to perform an echocardiogram was hemodynamic monitoring. All patients were ventilated with protective parameters, and the mean end-expiratory pressure was 10.6 cmH2O. The protocol was performed entirely in 42 of 43 patients in the prone group because one patient did not have any acoustic window. In the 43 patients in the prone group analyzed and compared to the supine group, global biventricular function was assessed in 97.7% (p = 1.0), severe heart valve disease in 88.4% (p = 0.055), ruled out of the presence of pulmonary hypertension in 76.7% (p = 0.80), pericardial effusion in 93% (p = 0.12), and volume status by inferior vena cava in 93% (p = 0.48). Comparing prone versus supine position, a statistical difference was found when evaluating the left ventricle apical 2-chamber view (65.1 versus 100%, p < 0.01) and its segmental function (53.4 versus 100%, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The echocardiogram using an apical-subcostal protocol is feasible in patients in the IMV and prone position.


Subject(s)
Echocardiography , Feasibility Studies , Intensive Care Units , Respiration, Artificial , Humans , Male , Prone Position , Female , Prospective Studies , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Echocardiography/methods , Middle Aged , Patient Positioning/methods , Aged
2.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc ; 13(5): 274-275, 2024 May 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38587478

ABSTRACT

School-based COVID-19 vaccine clinics were more likely to vaccinate children who identified as a racial minority, who lacked a regular source of primary care, and who lacked private insurance compared to those vaccinated in non-school-based community locations.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines , COVID-19 , Health Services Accessibility , Mobile Health Units , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , COVID-19 Vaccines/supply & distribution , COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage , COVID-19/prevention & control , Child , Adolescent , Male , Vaccination , Female , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , School Health Services
3.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR ; 45(1): 84-90, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38056788

ABSTRACT

Acute pericardial conditions, such as tamponade, are often rapidly progressive and can become life-threatening without timely diagnosis and intervention. In this review, we aim to describe bedside ultrasonographic evaluation of the pericardium and diagnostic criteria for tamponade, identify confounders in the diagnosis of pericardial tamponade, and delineate procedural details of ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Tamponade , Pericardial Effusion , Humans , Pericardial Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Point-of-Care Systems , Pericardium/diagnostic imaging , Cardiac Tamponade/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography
4.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 42(3)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529982

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: El Shock Cardiogénico (SC) y las Angioplastías de Alto Riesgo (AAR) están asociadas con altas tasas de mortalidad. El uso del dispositivo Impella CP podría reducir el riesgo de muerte en estos escenarios. En Chile no existen reportes evaluando el uso del dispositivo Impella CP. Objetivo: Analizar los desenlaces clínicos en pacientes que fueron sometidos al uso del dispositivo Impella CP por SC o por AAR. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 17 pacientes, los cuales representan el total de implantes realizados en el país, entre octubre 2021 y agosto 2023. Se describió las características, demográficas, procedimentales y después del implante. Se estimó la mortalidad general y se identificaron factores asociados. Resultados: La edad de los pacientes fue 69± 3,7 años y 88,2% fueron hombres. El 64,7% recibió el dispositivo por SC y 35,3% por AAR. Dentro de las comorbilidades estudiadas, la hipertensión arterial fue la más frecuente, 94,1%. Un 58,8% de los pacientes fueron revascularizados a través de la arteria radial. El 29,4% recibió el dispositivo previo a la angioplastía y 70,6% lo recibió después. El 47,1% de las angioplastías fue guiada por imágenes. En 11,8% de ellos se realizó litotricia intracoronaria y 5,9% por ablación intracoronaria. Los pacientes estuvieron 13 ±3,4 días con el soporte. La mortalidad global fue de 41,2%. Conclusiones: El uso del dispositivo Impella presentó pocas complicaciones vasculares. La mortalidad asociada con su colocación en Chile fue relativamente similar con la reportada en la literatura.


Background: Cardiogenic shock and high-risk Angioplasty are associated with a high mortality rate. Using the Impella CP device could reduce the risk of death in these scenarios. In Chile, there are no studies evaluating the use of the Impella CP device. Objective: To analyse the clinical outcomes in patients who have undergone placement of the Impella CP device for cardiogenic shock and high-risk angioplasties. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 17 patients, which represent the total number of implants performed in the country, between October 2021 and August 2023. The demographic, procedural and post-implant characteristics were described. Overall mortality and associated factors were identified. Results: The age was 69± 3.7 years, where 88.2% were men. 64.7% of patients received the device by SC and 35.3% by AAR. Among the comorbidities studied, arterial hypertension was the most frequent with 94.1%. 58.8% of patients were revascularized through the radial artery. 29.4% of patients received the device before angioplasty and 70.6% received it afterwards. 47.1% of angioplasties were image-guided, 11.8% had intracoronary lithotripsy, and 5.9% had intracoronary ablation. The patients spent 13 ±3.4 days with the support. Overall mortality was 41.2%. Conclusion: use of the Impella device was associated with few vascular complications. Mortality associated with use of the Impella device in Chile was similar to that previously reported in other studies.

5.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 36(3)sept. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550937

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Caracterizar resultados visuales del implante de lente intraocular plegable de cámara posterior suturada al iris en la afaquia traumática de pacientes pediátricos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio preexperimental, prospectivo, longitudinal con 17 niños, con seguimiento de un año. Se les realizó examen oftalmológico completo y se evaluaron variables como edad, sexo, lateralidad, mejor agudeza visual sin corrección, con corrección, resultados refractivos, presión intraocular, y complicaciones. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 13,2 años, masculinos fueron el 64,7 %. La mejor agudeza visual sin corrección en el preoperatorio fue del 47,1 % <0,1 y con corrección de 0,7, al año del posoperatorio fue de 0,43/0,78, respectivamente. La presión intraocular preoperatoria fue de 14,1 mm Hg, y al año 14,71 mm Hg. La densidad celular en el preoperatorio fue de 2559.76 células/mm2 y al año de 2475,88 células/mm2. La hexagonalidad preoperatorio fue del 53,12 % y al año del 56,94 %. El cilindro preoperatorio -1,35 D y el 23,5 % presentó astigmatismo inducido al año del posoperatorio. Conclusiones: La aplicación del implante de lente intraocular plegable de cámara posterior suturada al iris en la afaquia traumática de pacientes pediátricos logra mejorar su agudeza visual y la complicación más frecuente fue el edema corneal.


Objective: To characterize visual outcomes of iris-sutured posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens implantation in traumatic aphakia in pediatric patients. Methods: A pre-experimental, prospective, longitudinal, pre-experimental study was performed with 17 children, with a one-year follow-up. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed and variables such as age, sex, laterality, best visual acuity without correction, with correction, refractive results, intraocular pressure and complications were evaluated. Results: The average age was 13.2 years, 64.7% were male. The best visual acuity without correction preoperatively was 47.1 % <0.1 and with correction 0.7, one year postoperative visual acuity was 0.43/0.78, respectively. Preoperative intraocular pressure was 14.1 mm Hg, and at one year 14.71 mm Hg. Cell density preoperatively was 2559.76 cells/mm2 and at one year 2475.88 cells/mm2. The preoperative hexagonality was 53.12 % and at one year 56.94 %. Preoperative cylinder -1.35 D and 23.5 % presented induced astigmatism at one year postoperatively. Conclusions: The application of posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens implant sutured to the iris in traumatic aphakia in pediatric patients achieves improved visual acuity and the most frequent complication was corneal edema.

6.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 42(1): 39-47, abr. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441376

ABSTRACT

El uso del catéter de arteria pulmonar es un método eficaz para la monitorización de los pacientes críticos. Aunque ampliamente utilizado en las Unidades de Cuidados Críticos Cardiológicos, no se ha demostrado en estudios previos el beneficio de su uso. Registros recientes y numerosos en pacientes graves cursando shock cardiogénico muestran un beneficio en términos de mortalidad asociada, sobre todo relacionado con una adecuada interpretación. Además, nuevos parámetros relacionados con insuficiencia ventricular como son el poder cardíaco y el índice de pulsatilidad de arteria pulmonar, así como el conocimiento de las presiones de llenado ventriculares, tanto izquierdas, como derechas, ayudan en la toma de decisiones, las opciones de tratamiento y estimación del pronóstico. Complementando lo anterior, la modernización en la tecnología del catéter de arteria pulmonar permite la medición del gasto cardíaco de forma continua a través de un sistema termodilución integrada. Este sistema también permite la monitorización más precisa del ventrículo derecho por medio de la valoración continua de su fracción de eyección y volumen de fin de diástole. La información obtenida por medio del catéter de arteria pulmonar en shock cardiogénico ha llevado a que su uso comience a ser cada vez más frecuente en unidades de cuidados críticos cardiológicos y que se empleen estos valores por equipos de shock cardiogénico para la toma de decisiones complejas. La evidencia descrita sobre el valor pronóstico relacionada al uso del catéter de arteria pulmonar se resume en esta revisión.


The pulmonary artery catheter is an effective tool for monitoring critically ill patients; however, the evidence showed limited value and a posible increased risk. Recently, numerous registries in critical ill patients in cardiogenic shock have shown a benefit in mortality, especially related to an adequate interpretation of findings. In addition, new parameters related to ventricular failure, such as cardiac power output and pulmonary artery pulsatility index have shown to be useful for a better treatment and estimation of prognosis. Besides, determination of filling pressures (right and/or left side) have an important role in terms of prognosis and management. Advances in pulmonary artery catheter technology allows us to continuously measure cardiac output through an integrated thermodilution system. This system also allows the continuous assessment of right ventricular ejection fraction and end-diastolic volume. The information obtained has led to an increased use of the pulmonary artery catheter monitoring in cardiac Intensive Care Units allowing improvements in treatment and complex decision-making.


Subject(s)
Humans , Shock, Cardiogenic/therapy , Catheterization, Swan-Ganz/methods , Prognosis , Cardiac Output/physiology , Ventricular Function, Right/physiology , Catheters , Hemodynamic Monitoring , Heart Failure/diagnosis
7.
JACC Case Rep ; 28: 102087, 2023 Dec 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38204533

ABSTRACT

We present a female patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction who underwent left bundle branch cardiac resynchronization therapy. Left bundle branch lead implantation was complicated with septal branch perforation causing an iatrogenic coronary fistula complicated by septal hematoma formation and development of shock. Occlusion by covered stents was successfully achieved.

8.
Horiz. meÌüd. (Impresa) ; 22(1): e1719, ene.-mar. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375614

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar cuáles fueron los eventos clínicos adversos relacionados con el uso del método femoral y método radial en pacientes que fueron sometidos a procedimientos de cardiología intervencionista en el Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, durante el periodo 2015-2017. Materiales y métodos: La metodología fue comparativa, retrospectiva, con diseño observacional y analítico. Se trabajó con un total de 151 historias clínicas de pacientes que presentaron eventos clínicos adversos. Se empleó la revisión documental como técnica de recolección de datos, y una ficha de recolección de datos como instrumento, la cual fue diseñada por el investigador. Para realizar el análisis se utilizó el programa R. Resultados: De 151 cateterismos cardiacos, el 51,66 % se realizó por el método femoral y 48,34 %, por el método radial. Con respecto a la edad de los pacientes, el promedio fue 59,6 ±11,3 años; el 39,73 % de ellos estuvo entre el rango de 60 a 70 años; y el 73,50 % fueron pacientes del sexo masculino. En cuanto a las comorbilidades, la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus fueron las enfermedades más recurrentes entre los pacientes. Se presentaron eventos clínicos adversos relacionados con el uso de ambos métodos de acceso vascular, aunque no se consideraron graves; sin embargo, su incidencia es alta. Para la muestra del método femoral, en 50 % de los casos, se presentó hematoma (25,60 %), hemorragia (9 %), isquemia (1,30 %), reacción vagal (1,30 %), pseudoaneurisma (1,30 %), un caso raro tipo quemadura (1,30 %) y dolor (10,20 %); mientras que, en el método radial, en 19,14 % de los casos, se presentó hematoma (8,21 %), hemorragia (2,73 %), espasmo radial (1,40 %) y dolor (6,80 %). Conclusiones: Después de que se determinó cuáles eran los eventos clínicos adversos, se llegó a la conclusión de que es mejor usar el método radial en vez del método femoral para procedimientos de cardiología intervencionista.


ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the clinical adverse events related to the use of femoral and radial artery access in patients who underwent interventional cardiology procedures in the Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue from 2015 to 2017. Materials and methods: A comparative, retrospective, observational and analytical study was conducted with a total of 151 medical records of patients who had clinical adverse events. Medical record review was used as data collection technique, and a data collection sheet designed by the researcher was used as instrument. The R software was used for the analysis. Results: Out of 151 cardiac catheterizations, 51.66 % were performed by a femoral artery access and 48.34 % by a radial artery access. The average age of the patients was 59.6 ± 11.3 years, out of which 39.73 % ranged between 60 and 70 years, and 73.50 % of the patients were males. The most frequent comorbidities were arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Non-serious clinical adverse events occurred as a result of both vascular access procedures; however, their incidence was high. Fifty percent (50%) of the patients who underwent a femoral artery access procedure showed the following adverse events: hematoma (25.60 %), bleeding (9 %), ischemia (1.30 %), vagal response (1.30 %), pseudoaneurysm (1.30 %), a rare skin rash that looked like a burn (1.30 %) and pain (10.20 %). In contrast, 19.14 % of the patients who underwent a radial artery access procedure presented hematoma (8.21 %), bleeding (2.73 %), radial artery spasm (1.40 %) and pain (6.80 %). Conclusions: After determining the clinical adverse events, it was concluded that radial artery access is better than femoral artery access for interventional cardiology procedures.

9.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 20(1): e210082, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1365207

ABSTRACT

The catfish Calophysus macropterus is heavily exploited in the Amazon basin, yet its life history characteristics are poorly documented, hampering proper fisheries management. In order to fill this gap, monthly sampling in the upper Putumayo River and in the Amazonas, lower Marañón and Ucayali (AMU) rivers were carried out over several years (2013-2015 in the AMU, 2013-2017 in the Putumayo) to provide detailed information about its reproduction, growth and mortality patterns (using length frequency data). Reproduction, which occurs during the dry and early flooding season, was only observed in the upper Putumayo River and not in the sampled portion of the AMU system, suggesting that the species reproduces closer to the Andes than other pimelodid catfishes. Size at first sexual maturity did not differ significantly among sex or among river systems, ranging from 25-28 cm SL. In both river systems, females had a faster growth than males and both genders also tended to have a better growth in the AMU than in the upper Putumayo. Mortality and exploitation estimate all indicated overexploitation of the species in both river systems. The implications of these results for fisheries management and conservation are discussed.(AU)


El bagre Calophysus macropterus está fuertemente explotado en la cuenca Amazónica. Sin embargo, su ciclo de vida está poco documentado, lo que dificulta su gestión pesquera. Para llenar este vacío, se realizaron muestreos mensuales en el alto río Putumayo alrededor de Puerto Leguízamo y en el Amazonas y los ríos bajo Marañón y Ucayali (AMU) cerca de Iquitos durante varios años (2013-2015 en AMU, 2013-2017 en Putumayo) para generar información sobre su reproducción, crecimiento y mortalidad. La reproducción, que se produce durante la estación seca y el inicio de la inundación, sólo se observó en el curso superior del río Putumayo y no en la parte muestreada del sistema de la AMU, lo que sugiere que la especie se reproduce más cerca de los Andes que otros pimelodidos. El tamaño de primera madurez sexual no difirió entre sexos o entre sistemas fluviales, oscilando entre 25-28 cm. En ambos sistemas fluviales, las hembras tuvieron un crecimiento más rápido que los machos y ambos géneros también tendieron a tener un mejor crecimiento en el AMU que en el alto Putumayo. Estimaciones de mortalidad y explotación indicaron una sobreexplotación en ambos sistemas. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados para la gestión y conservación de las pesquerías.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Catfishes , Population Dynamics , Life History Traits , Life Cycle Stages , Amazonian Ecosystem , Andean Ecosystem
10.
Nutrients ; 12(6)2020 Jun 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32517205

ABSTRACT

Sea cucumber body wall contains several naturally occurring bioactive components that possess health-promoting properties. Isostichopus badionotus from Yucatan, Mexico is heavily fished, but little is known about its bioactive constituents. We previously established that I. badionotus meal had potent anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. We have now screened some of its constituents for anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Glycosaminoglycan and soluble protein preparations reduced 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammatory responses in HaCaT cells while an ethanol extract had a limited effect. The primary glycosaminoglycan (fucosylated chondroitin sulfate; FCS) was purified and tested for anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. FCS modulated the expression of critical genes, including NF-ĸB, TNFα, iNOS, and COX-2, and attenuated inflammation and tissue damage caused by TPA in a mouse ear inflammation model. It also mitigated colonic colitis caused in mice by dextran sodium sulfate. FCS from I. badionotus of the Yucatan Peninsula thus had strong anti-inflammatory properties in vivo.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Chondroitin Sulfates/isolation & purification , Chondroitin Sulfates/pharmacology , Glycosaminoglycans/isolation & purification , Glycosaminoglycans/pharmacology , Otitis/drug therapy , Sea Cucumbers/chemistry , Tissue Extracts/isolation & purification , Tissue Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Chondroitin Sulfates/therapeutic use , Colitis/chemically induced , Colitis/drug therapy , Dextran Sulfate/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , HaCaT Cells , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Mexico , Mice , Otitis/chemically induced , Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/adverse effects
11.
Adv Ther ; 36(12): 3446-3457, 2019 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31630333

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Pazopanib is approved in Latin America as first targeted therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). METHODS: A retrospective chart review of adult patients with mRCC who initiated pazopanib as first targeted therapy between January 2011 and March 2016 was conducted among oncology care centers in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. Patient characteristics, treatment patterns, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events were summarized. RESULTS: A total of 156 charts of patients with mRCC receiving first-line pazopanib were reviewed (29, 54, 27, 28, and 18 patients from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico, respectively). The mean age at initial mRCC diagnosis was 61.6 years, 73.7% were male, and 51.3% were Hispanic. The median dose of pazopanib was 800 mg and the median time from initial mRCC diagnosis to pazopanib start was 2.2 months. The median time on treatment was 10.0 months. At the time of data extraction, 16.7% of patients remained on pazopanib, with clinical progression listed as the main reason for discontinuation. Subsequent therapy was received by 25.6% of patients; the most common were everolimus (9.6%) and axitinib (5.8%). Overall, median PFS and OS were 10.8 and 16.9 months, respectively, and varied across countries. The most common all-grade adverse events were diarrhea (44.9%), asthenia/fatigue (43.6%), and nausea (28.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Pazopanib was used for first-line mRCC treatment in a clinically diverse patient population across Latin America. Real-world PFS and tolerability were similar to clinical studies of pazopanib. FUNDING: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Inc.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy , Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy , Pyrimidines/therapeutic use , Sulfonamides/therapeutic use , Aged , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology , Disease Progression , Everolimus/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Indazoles , Kidney Neoplasms/mortality , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Latin America , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Progression-Free Survival , Pyrimidines/administration & dosage , Pyrimidines/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Sulfonamides/administration & dosage , Sulfonamides/adverse effects , Time-to-Treatment
12.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 37(1): 38-41, abr. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959337

ABSTRACT

Resumen: El Síndrome de Austrian, corresponde al cuadro clínico descrito por Robert Austrian en 1957, definido por la triada de Neumonía, Endocarditis Infecciosa (EI) y Meningitis, causado por Streptococcus pneumoniae. En la mayoría de los casos el vicio valvular presente, es la insuficiencia valvular aórtica, cuyo tratamiento médico y resolución quirúrgica de acuerdo con su gravedad, deben ser realizados precoz y oportunamente. Un paciente de 51 años, sin antecedentes de valvulopatía, con historia de poli consumo de alcohol y cocaína comenzó dos semanas previo a su ingreso hospitalario con síndrome febril, neumonía, y meningitis bacteriana por Streptococcus pneumoniae. Sus hemocultivos fueron negativos. El ecocardiograma transesofágico (ETE) fue compatible con EI valvular aórtica con insuficiencia moderada a severa. Se trató como EI a microorganismo desconocido y se efectuó un reemplazo valvular aórtico electivo con prótesis biológica a la 5° semana después de terminado el tratamiento médico antibiótico, cuyo resultado fue exitoso.


Abstract: A syndrome including Infective endocarditis, pneumonia and Meningitis caused by S pneumoniae was described by Robert Austrian in 1957. The aortic valve is affected in most cases. Medical followed by surgical treatment should be promptly implemented. The clinical case of a 51 year old man with a history of multiple drug consumption developing fever, pneumonia, and meningitis caused by S pneumoniae is presented. Blood cultures were negative and trans esophageal echocardiography showed aortic valve vegetations and moderate regurgitation. After multiple antibiotic treatment the patient underwent aortic valve replacement and recovered satisfactorily. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of this syndrome are discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/surgery , Endocarditis, Bacterial/surgery , Meningitis, Pneumococcal/surgery , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/drug therapy , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Syndrome , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Meningitis, Pneumococcal/diagnosis , Meningitis, Pneumococcal/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
13.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 16(2): [e170139], jun. 2018. mapas, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-948579

ABSTRACT

The black prochilodus (Prochilodus nigricans) is one of the most landed scaled fish species of the middle and upper parts of the Putumayo River, in the tri-national area between Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Despite its importance, biological information about this species is too scant to guide fisheries management in this portion of the Colombian Amazon. In this study, 10884 individuals were sampled in the fish markets of Puerto Leguízamo between 2009 and 2017. This sampling was used to document reproductive patterns, but also growth and mortality parameters from length frequency distributions. The size at which all fish were mature was 22 cm Ls, which should be the established as the minimum size of capture to ensure that all fish have had a chance to reproduce before being caught. Growth and mortality parameters indicated a slower growth in the Putumayo than in other Amazonian rivers and a relatively high exploitation rate.(AU)


El bocachico (Prochilodus nigricans) es uno de los peces de escama más comercializados en la cuenca media y alta del río Putumayo en la zona tri-nacional entre Colombia, Ecuador y Perú. Sin embargo, a pesar de su importancia, existe muy poca información biológica sobre esta especie que permita guiar el manejo pesquero para este sector de la Amazonia colombiana. Para ello, fueron analizados 10884 ejemplares colectados en puntos de expendio de pescado y zonas de pesca aledaños a la ciudad de Puerto Leguízamo entre los años 2009 a 2017. Se determinaron los parámetros de reproducción, así como de crecimiento y de mortalidad en base a análisis de distribución de frecuencia de tallas. Se recomienda establecer la talla mínima de captura a 22 cm Le, talla a la cual todos los peces son maduros y han tenido la posibilidad de reproducirse por lo menos una vez ante su captura. Los parámetros de crecimiento y mortalidad indicaron un crecimiento más lento en el Putumayo que en otras cuencas de la Amazonia y una tasa de explotación relativamente elevada.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Population Dynamics/statistics & numerical data , Mortality , Characiformes
14.
Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Dirección de Investigación en Salud; 2018. 1-26 p. tab, graf.
Non-conventional in Spanish | ARGMSAL, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1392572

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN El cáncer es una enfermedad de importante carga mundial. El cáncer de cuello de útero es el tumor que refleja con máxima crudeza la desigualdad social en salud. OBJETIVO Caracterizar pacientes con cáncer de cuello de útero (CCU), atendidas en el servicio de Oncología del Hospital Dr. Julio C. Perrando durante el periodo 2018 a 2019. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS Ámbito de estudio; provincia del Chaco, Hospital Dr. J. C. Perrando, servicio de oncología. Tipo de estudio; descriptivo­transversal. Universo de estudio; pacientes con CCU atendidas en el servicio de oncología. Recolección y fuente de datos; Cuestionario elaborado ad hoc, entrevistas individuales, historia clínica. ANÁLISIS DE DATOS Análisis univariado, bivariado y multivariado. Epinfo versión 7.1.2.6 y SPSS versión 25. RESULTADOS Se entrevistaron 45 pacientes, media de edad de 44 años, más de la mitad de las usuarias, desconoce qué diagnostica el PAP y cuándo se debe iniciar la práctica, un tercio refirió vergüenza, temor y percepción de la práctica como dolorosa. La periodicidad recomendada, menos de la mitad refirió haberlo cumplido. Barreras de accesibilidad al sistema sanitario, la mayoría conocía un centro sanitario cercano, accesibilidad al especialista, más del 40% ingresaron a través de la guardia. El total de las pacientes accedió a la consulta con el oncólogo. El 42,22% se diagnosticó en estadios avanzados de CCU. Se evidenció mayor edad y mayor número de gestas previas en las pacientes con cáncer avanzado. Al relacionar características sociodemográficas y clínicas con el estadio del cáncer, resultó estadísticamente significativo el nivel de escolaridad (p=0,00). Con respecto al análisis de las posibles barreras, la actitud y la práctica resultaron estadísticamente significativas (p=0,03;0.04). DISCUSIÓN Los factores asociados significativamente a el cáncer de cuello uterino avanzado fueron el bajo nivel de escolaridad, barreras actitudinales y de prácticas respecto a la realización del PAP


Subject(s)
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Papanicolaou Test , Health Services Accessibility
15.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(12): 1507-1513, dic. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902475

ABSTRACT

Background Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women in the world. In 2005, it was incorporated to the Explicit Guaranties Health System (GES) in Chile. Aim To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of breast cancer patients and to determine the effect of incorporating these women to GES. Material and Methods Medical records of 5,119 women with breast cancer aged 59 ± 14 years, attended at six public hospitals between 2000 and 2010 were reviewed. Median follow up was 87 months (range 1-182). Mortality was assessed using death certificates obtained at the National Identification Registry. Results Sixty six percent of women were in stage I-II, 29% in stage III and 5% in stage IV. Surgery was performed in 4023/5119 cases (79%), adyuvant radiotherapy in 3627/4517 cases (80%), chemotherapy in 3,204/3,424 cases (94%) and hormone therapy in 1,695/2,375 cases (71%). Between 2000 and 2010, there was a significant increase in the proportion of cases in stage I, from 8% to 25%, (p < 0.01). Overall survival (OS) increased 1% per year, since the beginning of GES system (p = 0.024). Five year OS was 75.1%. The figures for Stage I, II, III and IV were 93, 84, 62 and 27% respectively (p < 0.01). Patients without lymph node involvement and who were not triple negative, had a significantly better OS. Conclusions There was a significant increase in stage I cases, and a 1% per year OS improvement after GES system started, compared with the previous period.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Quality Assurance, Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Carcinoma/mortality , Carcinoma/therapy , National Health Programs/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Chile/epidemiology , Medical Records , Treatment Outcome , Age Distribution , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Neoplasm Staging
16.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 11(3): 637-647, jun. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-690117

ABSTRACT

The main life history traits of the large Amazonian migratory catfish Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii were determined in the Caqueta River, Colombia. The breeding season occurred during the rising and falling water periods. The size at first sexual maturity was significantly larger for females (88.5 cm Ls) than males (81.7 cm). Both males and females reproduce for the first time between their third and fourth year. The growth characteristics were estimated using length frequency analyses. Females grew systematically larger than males, the difference being about 9% after the first year and increasing to 12% for ten years old individuals. Mortality estimates, calculated from different models, some taking into account the effect of body size, ranged from 0.32 to 0.42 year-1 for natural mortality and from 0.72 to 0.82 year-1 for fishing mortality, indicating high fishing pressure in the Caqueta River, higher than in the Peruvian Amazon. Resulting exploitation rates (0.63 to 0.72) pointed towards overexploitation of the species in the Caqueta. The situation calls for a concerted management between the countries sharing this resource (Brazil, Colombia, and Peru) and potential solutions are proposed.


Se determinaron las principales características del ciclo biológico de dorado Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii en el río Caquetá, Colombia. La época reproductiva ocurre durante la transición del período de aguas altas a aguas en descenso. La talla de primera madurez sexual fue significativamente mayor en hembras (88,5 cm Ls) que en machos (81,7 cm). Tanto hembras como machos se reproducen por primera vez entre su tercer y cuarto año de vida. Los parámetros de crecimiento fueron estimados mediante el análisis de frecuencia de tallas. Las hembras alcanzan un mayor tamaño que los machos, con una diferencia de cerca del 9% en el primer año que luego aumenta hasta un 12% en el décimo año de edad. La estimación de mortalidad, calculada a partir de diferentes modelos, variaron entre 0,32 a 0,42 años-1 para la mortalidad natural y 0,72 a 0,82 años-1 para la mortalidad por pesca, lo que indica una alta presión de la pesca en el río Caquetá, mucho más elevada que en la Amazonía peruana. Las tasas de explotación resultantes (0,63 a 0,72) para el río Caquetá, señalan una sobre-utilización del recurso. La situación exige una gestión concertada entre los países que comparten y utilizan con elevada frecuencia este recurso amazónico (Brasil, Colombia y Perú), por lo que se proponen posibles estrategias de solución.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Migration , Catfishes , Fishes/classification
17.
Surg Innov ; 19(3): 258-62, 2012 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22298754

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Lichtenstein hernia repair is a widely accepted and durable treatment option for groin hernias, but acute and chronic postoperative pain for inguinal hernia repair remains a significant issue. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the benefit of a novel hernia stapler on acute postoperative pain after a Lichtenstein hernia repair. METHODS: A prospective double-arm single-center trial was conducted. Nine patients underwent a Lichtenstein hernia repair using the AMID Stapler (group 1), and another 9 patients underwent a sutured Lichtenstein hernia repair (group 2). Preoperative and postoperative pain was measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS). The intraoperative pain management was either local with sedation, spinal, or general anesthesia. All patients received a local anesthesia preemptively independent of the main anesthetic method. Medication usage, pain, and any procedure related adverse event were documented on postoperative days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 30. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in demographic data, type or size of hernia, or in baseline pain severity between groups. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. The VAS cumulative average (±standard deviation) pain score during the first postoperative week was 126 (±9.3) and 162 (±9.4) in group 1 and group 2, respectively (P = .38). Patients in group 1 took significantly less pain medication on days 1, 2, and 3 (P < .0001, P = .004, P = .02, respectively), and there was a trend toward a lower average analgesic demand during the entire first postoperative week: 11 (±0.54) doses in group 1 and 15.4 (±0.18) doses in group 2 (P = .07). CONCLUSION: The Lichtenstein hernia repair using the AMID Stapler is simple and safe and resulted in lower acute postoperative pain and lower analgesic consumption as compared with the sutured Lichtenstein hernia repair. A multicenter clinical trial with a large sample size is needed to more accurately study pain reduction.


Subject(s)
Herniorrhaphy/instrumentation , Herniorrhaphy/methods , Pain, Postoperative/etiology , Surgical Staplers , Adult , Aged , Analgesics/therapeutic use , Female , Herniorrhaphy/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pain Management , Pain Measurement , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Pilot Projects , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Sutures , Treatment Outcome
18.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 25(3): 149-156, set. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-533829

ABSTRACT

En enero de 2005, en el Hospital Pediátrico del Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell se implementó un protocolo de instilación de estreptoquinasa (STK) intrapleural como alternativa al tratamiento quirúrgico del empiema complicado. La STK intrapleural administrada en los primeros ocho d¡as de colocado el drenaje disminuy la duracion del drenaje de tórax, la necesidad de toracotom¡a y la estad¡a hospitalaria. Objetivo.: describir los resultados de la instilación intrapleural precoz de STK en niños hospitalizados con empiema paraneumónico complicado, y compararlos con los resultados obtenidos tras la instilación en los primeros ocho d¡as de colocado el drenaje de tórax. Material y método: se incluyeron los niños con empiema paraneumónico complicado hospitalizados entre el 1º de abril de 2005 y el 30 de set. de 2007. Se dividieron en dos cohortes. Histórica: niños hospitalizados entre el 1º de abril de 2005 y el 1º de agosto de 2006, en los que el diagnóstico de empiema complicado se hizo según criterios cl¡nicos y ecográficos, que recibieron STK intrapleural en los primeros ocho d¡as luego de colocado el drenaje de tórax. Prospectiva: niños hospitalizados entre el 1º de marzo y el 30 de setiembre de 2007 diagnosticados y tratados según el nuevo protocolo. Se comparó la evolución mediante las siguientes variables: duración del drenaje de tórax, complicaciones, necesidad de toracotom¡a, estad¡a hospitalaria y muerte. Resultados: ambos grupos fueron comparables. La duración de la estad¡a hospitalaria y deldrenaje de tórax fueron menores en los niños tratados con STK intrapleural en forma precoz (p<0,05). Requirieron toracotom¡a dos niños, uno en cada cohorte. El número y tipo de complicaciones fue similar en ambos grupos. Ninguno de los pacientes incluidos en el estudio falleció. Conclusiones: la instilación intrapleural precoz de STK constituye una alternativa terapéutica para el tratamiento de niños con empiema paraneumónico complicado.


In January 2005, a protocol was implemented at the Pereira Rossell Hopital Centre, for the administration of intrapleural streptokinase (STK) as an alternative to surgical treatment of complicated empyema. Intrapleural STK, when administered in the first eight days subsequent to the placing of the drainage diminished the duration of thoracic drainage, the need for thoracotomy and a prolonged stay in hospital. Objective: to describe results of early intrapleural instillation of streptokinase in children hospitalized with complicated parapneumonic empyema, and to compare them to the results obtained after instillation during the first eight days subsequent to the placement of thoracic drainage. Method: children with complicated parapneumonic empyema that were hospitalized from April 1, 2005 through September 30, 2007 were included in the study. They were divided into two cohorts. Historical: children hospitalized from April 1, 2005 and August 1, 2006, when diagnosis of complicated empyema was made according to clinical and ecographic criteria, who received intrapleural STK during the first eight days subsequent to the placement of thoracic drainage. Prospective: children hospitalized from March 1, 2007 and September 30, 2007, diagnosed and treated according to the new protocol. Evolution was compared through the following variables: duration of thoracic drainage, complications, need for thoracotomy, duration of hospital stay and death. Results: both groups were comparable. Duration of hospital stay and thoracic drainage were lower in children treated with early intrapleural STK (p<0,05). Two children required thoracotomy, one in each cohort group. The number and type of complications was similar in both groups. None of the patients included in the study died. Conclusions: early intrapleural instillation of STK constitutes a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of children with complicated parapneumonic empyema.


Em janeiro de 2005, no Hospital Pediátrico do Centro Hospitalar Pereira Rossell foi implementado um protocolo de instilação de estreptoquinase (STK) intrapleural como alternativa ao tratamento cirúrgico do empiema complicado. A STK intrapleural administrada nos primeiros oito dias após a colocação do dreno reduziu a duração da drenagem de tórax, a necessidade de toracotomia e a permanência no hospital. Objetivo: descrever os resultados da instilação intrapleural precoce de STK em crianças hospitalizadas com empiema parapneumônico complicado, e fazer uma comparação com os resultados obtidos após a instilação nos primeiros oito dias após o começo da drenagem de tórax. Material e método: foram inclu¡das crianças com empiema parapneumônico complicado internadas no per¡odo 1º de abril de 2005 - 30 de setembro de 2007. Foram divididas em duas coortes. Histórico: crianças internadas no per¡odo 1º de abril de 2005 - 1º de agosto de 2006, com diagnóstico de empiema complicado feito por critérios clínicos e ecográficos, que receberam STK intrapleural nos primeiros oito dias após a colocação da drenagem de tórax. Prospectiva: crianças internadas no per¡odo 1º de março - 30 de setembro de 2007 diagnosticadas e tratadas de acordo como o novo protocolo. A comparação da evolução foi feita empregando as seguintes variáveis: duração da drenagem de tórax, complicações, necessidade de toracotomia, permanência no hospital e morte. Resultados: os resultados de ambos grupos eram comparáveis. A duração da internação e da drenagem de tórax foi menor nas crianças tratadas com STK intrapleural precoce (p<0,05). Em duas crianças foi necessário realizar toracotomia, uma em cada coorte. O número e tipo de complicações foi similar em ambos grupos. Nenhum paciente faleceu. Conclusões: a instilação intrapleural precoce de STK‚ uma alternativa terapêutica para o tratamento de crianças com empiema parapneumônico complicado.


Subject(s)
Empyema, Pleural/therapy , Streptokinase/therapeutic use , Pneumonia, Bacterial/complications
19.
Acta odontol. venez ; 44(3): 357-363, 2006. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-481266

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la prevalencia de fracturas en los maxilares de los pacientes que acudieron a consulta en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilo Facial del hospital Clínico Universitario (HCU). Periodo Febrero-Noviembre 2004 y analizar su relación con edad, sexo, etiología, zona anatómica y número de fracturas. (Diagnóstico). Se examinaron 262 pacientes, de los cuales fueron seleccionados los que presentaban fracturas en los maxilares. Se elaboró una tabla de recolección de datos para la obtención de la información. El diagnóstico de las fracturas fue realizado por los especialistas del servicio. El número de pacientes con fracturas en los maxilares fue de 116 (44 por ciento). La causa o etiología más común fue asalto o pelea (n=47; 41por ciento), de los grupos etáreos estudiados se observó una mayor prevalencia en el grupo de 20 a 29 años con un número total de 47 casos (40 por ciento) distribuidos de la siguiente manera (n=7; 6 por ciento) en el maxilar superior y (n=40). La distribución de fracturas de los maxilares de acuerdo al sexo fue en el maxilar superior (n=4; 3 por ciento) en el sexo femenino y n=19; 17 por ciento en el masculino) y en el maxilar inferior (n=16) para el sexo femenino y n=77; (para el sexo masculino). De acuerdo al número de fracturas por maxilares, el maxilar inferior es más susceptible a fracturas; 50 por ciento los que tenían una sola línea de fractura, 25 casos; 24 por ciento con dos líneas de fractura y 8 casos: 7 por ciento con tres líneas de fractura. Con respecto a la localización anatómica el cuerpo del maxilar inferior (n=44); la zona mas susceptible a fractura. De los grupos etáreos estudiados se observó una mayor prevalencia en el grupo de 20 a 29 años. En cuanto a la distribución por sexo, existió un predominio de las fracturas por el sexo masculino. Con relación a la localización anatómica el maxilar inferior ocupó el primer lugar y la etiología más frecuente son las agresiones personales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Jaw Fractures/classification , Jaw Fractures/epidemiology , Dental Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Age Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Venezuela/epidemiology
20.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop ; 128(2): 220-5, 2005 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16102408

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to identify the intra-arch occlusal characteristics that best discriminated 3 groups with different grades of dental arch discrepancies. This cross-sectional analysis was conducted in Lima, Peru, in 2003. METHODS: Intra-arch measurements were made on 150 sets of dental casts of high school students (aged 12-16; 75 boys, 75 girls). Stepwise multiple discriminant analysis (SMDA) was used to obtain a better understanding of the morphological relationships between tooth and dental-arch variables and their relationship with crowding. RESULTS: Mesiodistal tooth sizes and crown proportions of some teeth differed among significantly crowded, mild-to-moderately crowded, and spaced dental arches. Buccolingual tooth sizes were similar in the 3 groups. Of the arch dimensions evaluated, only intermolar arch width and arch length differed between the groups. An SMDA was developed to classify dental-arch discrepancies in the permanent dentition based on several intra-arch occlusal characteristics. The variable with the highest discriminatory capability between groups was arch length. When arch length was taken out of the SMDA, the explanatory capability from the variability on the dental arch discrepancies diminished from 51% to 14%. When the remaining arch dimension variable (intermolar width) was taken out, the explanatory capability diminished more (from 14% to 8%). CONCLUSIONS: Although other tooth-size and arch dimensions are indicators of crowding, arch length is the most important factor.


Subject(s)
Dental Arch/pathology , Malocclusion/etiology , Tooth/pathology , Adolescent , Bicuspid/pathology , Cephalometry , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cuspid/pathology , Female , Forecasting , Humans , Incisor/pathology , Male , Malocclusion/pathology , Mandible/pathology , Maxilla/pathology , Molar/pathology , Odontometry , Tooth Crown/pathology
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