ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) may have an increased risk of developing hepatitis B virus (HB) infection. Invasive procedures such as colonoscopies and surgery might be some of the reasons for this. Moreover, the use of immunosuppressors may reactivate a latent infection. We assessed the immune status among IBD patients receiving HB vaccine and the circumstances that predicted its results. AIMS AND METHODS: Serological markers of B and C hepatitis virus in patients with IBD who were referred for consultation were assessed since 2006. The subsequent determination of antibodies against superficial antigen (HBsAb) could differentiate between responders and non responders to the vaccine and an adequate immunity to HB was defined as higher than 10mUI/ml. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty nine patients were included in our study. Fifty-six (43,4%) patients had received immunosuppressive medication before the first vaccine dose. Notably, 85 (65.9%) patients had inadequate levels of HBsAb: 36 had no detectable levels and 49 had less than 10mUI/ml. Younger patients had a better immunity response than older patients (30.91+/-14.8 vs 39.91+/-14.2) (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: More than half of the patients had a suboptimal serologic response after vaccination. Only the younger group showed a better rate of response. It was not demonstrated whether an additional fourth dose of vaccination or a complete revaccination improved the rate of responders.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis B Vaccines/immunology , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology , Adult , Female , Hepatitis B/prevention & control , Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology , Humans , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/blood , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications , MaleABSTRACT
Fundamento y objetivo: Aunque parece que no hay un aumento en la prevalencia de infección por el virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII), se especula que la necesidad de exploraciones invasivas e intervenciones quirúrgicas sitúa a estos pacientes dentro de un grupo de riesgo para contraer esta infección. Además, el uso cada vez más frecuente de inmunomoduladores puede conducir a una reactivación vírica latente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia de la vacuna contra el VHB en pacientes con EII y las circunstancias que pueden influir en su resultado. Pacientes y métodos: Desde el año 2006, se determinaron los marcadores serológicos de los virus B y C de la hepatitis en los pacientes con EII atendidos en esta consulta médica de forma consecutiva. La posterior determinación de los anticuerpos contra el antígeno de superficie del VHB (anti-HBs) diferenció entre reactivos o no a la vacuna, y se consideró como respuesta valores iguales o superiores a≥10mUI/ml. Resultados: Se incluyó en el estudio a 129 pacientes. Cincuenta y seis pacientes (43,4%) habían recibido algún tratamiento inmunomodulador previo a la vacuna. En 85 pacientes (65,9%) la vacuna no indujo una respuesta adecuada: 36 pacientes no crearon anti-HBs y en 49 pacientes se desarrollaron títulos inferiores a 10mUI/ml. El único factor implicado en la respuesta de la vacuna fue la edad, de forma que en los pacientes más jóvenes la eficacia de la vacuna fue mayor (media de 30,91 [14,8] frente a 39,91 [14,2] años, p<0,001). Conclusiones: En más de la mitad de los pacientes con EII no se desarrolló una respuesta adecuada a la vacuna del VHB. El único factor relacionado con una mejor eficacia fue la edad más joven. Queda por demostrar si una cuarta dosis o si la revacunación completa aumentarían esta tasa de respuesta (AU)
Background and objective: Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) may have an increased risk of developing hepatitis B virus (HB) infection. Invasive procedures such as colonoscopies and surgery might be some of the reasons for this. Moreover, the use of immunosuppressors may reactivate a latent infection. We assessed the immune status among IBD patients receiving HB vaccine and the circumstances that predicted its results. Aims and methods: Serological markers of B and C hepatitis virus in patients with IBD who were referred for consultation were assessed since 2006. The subsequent determination of antibodies against superficial antigen (HBsAb) could differentiate between responders and non responders to the vaccine and an adequate immunity to HB was defined as higher than 10mUI/ml. Results: One hundred and twenty nine patients were included in our study. Fifty-six (43,4%) patients had received immunosuppressive medication before the first vaccine dose. Notably, 85 (65.9%) patients had inadequate levels of HBsAb: 36 had no detectable levels and 49 had less than 10mUI/ml. Younger patients had a better immunity response than older patients (30.91±14.8 vs 39.91±14.2) (p<0.001). Conclusion: More than half of the patients had a suboptimal serologic response after vaccination. Only the younger group showed a better rate of response. It was not demonstrated whether an additional fourth dose of vaccination or a complete revaccination improved the rate of responders (AU)
