ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In the current study, we determined whether bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract (bDLE) modulates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and cytokine overproduction. METHODS: Human whole blood cells were treated with LPS (50 ng) + bDLE (1 U). RESULTS: The bDLE treatment decreased nitric oxide as well as TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 (P <0.01) cytokine production. In addition, it decreased TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 mRNA expression and suppressed IL-10 and IL-12p40 mRNA expression, but did not modulate IL-8 mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated human blood cells. DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that bDLE may effectively modulate the fatal symptoms of hypotensive shock associated with endotoxin (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and cytokine production, and this may offer therapeutic potential for the treatment of endotoxic shock.
Subject(s)
Blood Cells/drug effects , Blood Cells/metabolism , Cytokines/genetics , Cytokines/metabolism , Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis , Transfer Factor/pharmacology , Animals , Cattle , Cell Survival/drug effects , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Humans , Inflammation MediatorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract (bDLE) is a dialyzate of a heterogeneous mixture of low molecular weight substances released from disintegrated blood leukocytes or lymphoid tissue obtained from homogenized bovine spleen. The purpose of this study was to determine if bDLE had cytotoxic effects and modulated apoptosis gene expression in breast cancer cells. METHODS: The MCF-7, BT-474, MDA-MB-453, A-427, Calu-1, U937 and L5178Y cancer cell lines and PBMC human cells were treated with bDLE (0-0.66 U/mL) for 72 h. The bDLE effect on cell growth proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, and the MCF-7 was evaluated by ethidium bromide-acridine orange staining; total DNA was evaluated for DNA fragmentation, and total RNA was isolated for p53, bag-1, c-myc, bim, bax, bcl-2 and bad mRNA expression. RESULTS: The bDLE had dose-dependent cytotoxic effects and demonstrated an IC50 at a dosage of 0.06 U/mL (P<0.05). The bDLE did not affect the viability of normal human PBMC. The bDLE induced DNA fragmentation at doses of 0.06 and 0.13 U/mL in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The bDLE induced cytotoxic effects and suppressed the p53, bag-1, c-myc, bax, bcl-2, and bad mRNA expression that influences apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Bim mRNA expression was not detected. DISCUSSION: This may open up interesting prospects for the treatment of human breast cancer.
Subject(s)
Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects , Neoplasms/metabolism , Transfer Factor/pharmacology , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Apoptosis/genetics , Cattle , Cell Shape , Cell Survival , DNA Fragmentation , Female , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Lophophora williamsii, also known as peyote, is found primarily in dry regions from Central Mexico, including the Mexican States of Nayarit, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas, Nuevo León, Chihuahua, Coahuila and Tamaulipas, to Texas particularly in regions along Rio Grande. Peyote extracts have been associated with stimulating the central nervous system and regulating blood pressure, sleep, hunger and thirst. However, there is no evidence of any effect of peyote on the immune system or against tumour cell growth. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro effects of peyote methanolic extracts on some parameters of mouse and human leukocyte immunocompetence and tumour cell growth. Peyote extract (0.18-18 micro g/mL) activated nitric oxide production by murine macrophages, and stimulated up to 2.4-fold proliferation of murine thymic lymphocytes. In addition, peyote extract induced up to 1.85-, 2.29- and 1.89-fold increases in mRNA signal of IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 by human leukocytes. Also examined were the effects of peyote extracts on murine lymphoma L5178Y-R and fi broblastoma L929, and human myeloid U937 and mammary gland MCF7 tumour cell growth using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Peyote extracts were toxic for MCF7, L5178Y-R, U937 and L929 (18 mg/mL peyote extract caused 1.3%, 8%, 45% and 60% viability respectively) cell lines.
