ABSTRACT
This study describes the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects from extracts obtained from the leaves of Salvia lavanduloides. The plant material was macerated with three solvents of ascending polarity (n-hexane (Sl-Hex), ethyl acetate (Sl-AcOEt), and dichloromethane (Sl-D)). The extracts, fractions (SlD-2 and SlD-3), and isolated compounds (15,16-epoxy-10-ß-hydroxy-neo-cleroda-3,7,13(16),14-tetraene-17,12R:18,19-diolide (1), salviandulin A (2), and eupatorin (3)) were evaluated as antimicrobials against Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and the fungus Candida albicans (Ca) using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the anti-inflammatory activity induced by 13-acetate of 12-O-tetradecanoylforbol (TPA). Sl-D and Sl-AcOEt extracts, SlD-2 and SlD-3 fractions showed the highest antimicrobial activity. The isolated compounds showed good activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a MIC < 2 µg/mL, while the anti-inflammatory activity, the Sl-Hex, Sl-D extracts, and SlD-3 fraction presented an inhibition of 62, 45 and 61%, respectively, while (2) 70% and (3) 72%.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: Los médicos de familia juegan un papel fundamental en la promoción de las prácticas adecuadas de la lactancia materna (LM), por lo que deben tener un conocimiento adecuado sobre el tema.ObjetivoEvaluar el conocimiento sobre la LM y los factores asociados en los médicos de familia en una unidad de primer nivel de atención de Cuernavaca, México.Material y métodosSe realizó un estudio transversal, en 93 médicos adscritos y residentes de medicina de familia. El conocimiento sobre la LM se evaluó mediante el cuestionario ECoLa de 20 ítems, considerando variables familiares y demográficas. Se realizó una estadística descriptiva de los datos y los factores asociados al nivel de conocimiento se evaluaron mediante un modelo de regresión logística.ResultadosDe la muestra, el 72% fueron mujeres; 41% estaban casados y 55% tenían al menos un hijo, el 23% había tomado al menos un curso de LM. Se obtuvo una media de 11,5 aciertos en el cuestionario ECoLa, 52% se clasificaron en un nivel de conocimiento bajo, 45% en regular y 3% en adecuado. Después del ajuste por edad, cursos de lactancia y estado civil, las principales variables asociadas a un conocimiento regular/bueno fueron tener al menos un hijo (OR 4,63 IC 95% 1,1-19,42) y el sexo (mujer OR 5,75 IC 95% 1,58-20,94).ConclusionesEl 52% de los médicos de familia mostró un conocimiento bajo sobre la LM. La experiencia personal de la paternidad o maternidad de los médicos de familia se asocia al mejor conocimiento de la LM, superando a las capacitaciones y a los cursos. (AU)
Introduction: The Family doctors play a fundamental role in promoting an adequate breastfeeding practices, so they must have an adequate knowledge of this matters.ObjectiveEvaluate the knowledge about breastfeeding in family doctors of a first level care unit in Cuernavaca, Mexico.Material and methodsThe study was cross-sectional with 93 Family doctors and family medicine residents. The knowledge about breastfeeding was evaluated using the ECoLa questionnaire of 20 items, considering family and demographic variables. Were performed descriptive statistics and the factors associated with the level of knowledge were evaluated using a logistic regression model.ResultsFrom the sample 72% were women, 41% were married and 55% had at least one child, 23% had taken at least one breastfeeding course. On average 11.5 hits out in ECoLa questionnaire, 52% were classified as low knowledge level, 45% as regular and 3% as good. After adjustment for age, lactation courses, and marital status. The main variables associate to knowledge regular / good were had at least one child, (OR 4.63 95% CI 1.1-19.42), and sex (woman OR 5.75 95% CI 1.58-20.94).Conclusions52% of family doctors showed low knowledge about breastfeeding. The personal experience of paternity or maternity of family doctors is a relevant factor associated with better knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding, surpassing training and courses. (AU)
