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1.
ESMO Open ; 9(2): 102233, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38320430

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has shown promising results in patients with breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of T-DXd in the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive BCBM population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases as well as American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), and San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) websites for clinical trials (CTs) and observational studies evaluating T-DXd in patients with HER2-positive BCBM. Heterogeneity was assessed with I2 statistics. Random effects models were used for all statistical analyses, which were carried out using R software (version 4.2.2). RESULTS: Ten studies were included, six CTs (n = 189) and four observational studies (n = 130), with a total of 319 patients. The median progression-free survival was 15 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 13.9-16.1 months]. The objective response rate (ORR) was 61% (95% CI 52% to 70%), and the intracranial (IC)-ORR was 61% (95% CI 54% to 69%). No significant differences in ORR and IC-ORR were observed between CTs and observational studies (P = 0.31 and 0.58, respectively). The clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 80% (95% CI 52% to 94%), and the IC-CBR was 70% (95% CI 54% to 82%). The ORR was 68% (95% CI 57% to 77%) in the subgroup of patients with stable BMs and 60% (95% CI 48%-72%) in patients with active BM, with no significant difference between groups (P = 0.35). CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic review and meta-analysis supports the IC activity of T-DXd in patients with stable BM and active BM. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the protocol number CRD42023422589.


Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms , Breast Neoplasms , Camptothecin/analogs & derivatives , Immunoconjugates , Receptor, ErbB-2 , Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Trastuzumab/pharmacology , Trastuzumab/therapeutic use , Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy
2.
bioRxiv ; 2023 Sep 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37790447

ABSTRACT

DNA origami nanodevices achieve programmable structure and tunable mechanical and dynamic properties by leveraging the sequence specific interactions of nucleic acids. Previous advances have also established DNA origami as a useful building block to make well-defined micron-scale structures through hierarchical self-assembly, but these efforts have largely leveraged the structural features of DNA origami. The tunable dynamic and mechanical properties also provide an opportunity to make assemblies with adaptive structure and properties. Here we report the integration of DNA origami hinge nanodevices and coiled-coil peptides into hybrid reconfigurable assemblies. With the same dynamic device and peptide interaction, we make multiple higher order assemblies by organizing clusters of peptides (i.e. patches) or arranging single peptides (i.e. patterns) on the surfaces of DNA origami to control the relative orientation of devices. We use coiled-coil interactions to construct circular and linear assemblies whose structure and mechanical properties can be modulated with DNA-based actuation. Actuation of linear assemblies leads to micron scale motions and ~2.5-10-fold increase in bending stiffness. Our results provide a foundation for stimulus responsive hybrid assemblies that can adapt their structure and properties in response to nucleic acid, peptide, protein, or other triggers.

3.
Biofabrication ; 12(4): 045006, 2020 07 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32464607

ABSTRACT

We develop and characterize a biomaterial formulation and robotic methods tailored for intracorporeal tissue engineering (TE) via direct-write (DW) 3D printing. Intracorporeal TE is defined as the biofabrication of 3D TE scaffolds inside of a living patient, in a minimally invasive manner. A biomaterial for intracorporeal TE requires to be 3D printable and crosslinkable via mechanisms that are safe to native tissues and feasible at physiological temperature (37 °C). The cell-laden biomaterial (bioink) preparation and bioprinting methods must support cell viability. Additionally, the biomaterial and bioprinting method must enable the spatially accurate intracorporeal 3D delivery of the biomaterial, and the biomaterial must adhere to or integrate into the native tissue. Current biomaterial formulations do not meet all the presumed intracorporeal DW TE requirements. We demonstrate that a specific formulation of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/Laponite®/methylcellulose (GLM) biomaterial system can be 3D printed at physiological temperature and crosslinked using visible light to construct 3D TE scaffolds with clinically relevant dimensions and consistent structures. Cell viability of 71%-77% and consistent mechanical properties over 21 d are reported. Rheological modifiers, Laponite® and methylcellulose, extend the degradation time of the scaffolds. The DW modality enables the piercing of the soft tissue and over-extrusion of the biomaterial into the tissue, creating a novel interlocking mechanism with soft, hydrated native tissue mimics and animal muscle with a 3.5-4 fold increase in the biomaterial/tissue adhesion strength compared to printing on top of the tissue. The developed GLM biomaterial and robotic interlocking mechanism pave the way towards intracorporeal TE.


Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Gelatin/chemistry , Methacrylates/chemistry , Printing, Three-Dimensional , Adhesiveness , Animals , Cell Survival , Ink , Mice , NIH 3T3 Cells , Porosity , Rheology , Stress, Mechanical , Tissue Engineering , Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry
4.
Biomicrofluidics ; 8(2): 024114, 2014 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24803963

ABSTRACT

Investigation of single molecule DNA dynamics in confined environments has led to important applications in DNA analysis, separation, and sequencing. Here, we studied the electrophoretic transport of DNA molecules through nanochannels shorter than the DNA contour length and calculated the associated translocation time curves. We found that the longer T4 DNA molecules required a longer time to traverse a fixed length nanochannel than shorter λ DNA molecules and that the translocation time decreased with increasing electric field which agreed with theoretical predictions. We applied this knowledge to design an asymmetric electric pulse and demonstrate the different responses of λ and T4 DNA to the pulses. We used Brownian dynamics simulations to corroborate our experimental results on DNA translocation behaviour. This work contributes to the fundamental understanding of polymer transport through nanochannels and may help in designing better separation techniques in the future.

5.
Genet Mol Res ; 13(2): 3128-42, 2014 Apr 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24782170

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to characterize Heliconia genotypes phenotypically using 26 qualitative descriptors. The evaluations were conducted in five flowering stems per clump in three replicates of 22 Heliconia genotypes. Data were subjected to multivariate analysis, the Mahalanobis dissimilarity measure was estimated, and the dendrogram was generated using the nearest neighbor method. From the values generated by the dissimilarity matrix and the clusters formed among the Heliconia genotypes studied, the phenotypic characterizations that best differentiated the genotypes were: pseudostem and wax green tone (light or dark green), leaf-wax petiole, the petiole hair, cleft margin at the base of the petiole, midrib underside shade of green, wax midrib underside, color sheet (light or dark green), unequal lamina base, torn limb, inflorescence-wax, position of inflorescence, bract leaf in apex, twisting of the rachis, and type of bloom. These results will be applied in the preparation of a catalog for Heliconia descriptors, in the selection of different genotypes with most promising characteristics for crosses, and for the characterization of new genotypes to be introduced in germplasm collections.


Subject(s)
Flowers/genetics , Genetic Variation , Heliconiaceae/genetics , Plant Leaves/genetics , Flowers/growth & development , Genotype , Heliconiaceae/growth & development , Inflorescence/genetics , Light , Phenotype
6.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 23(4): 492-501, jul. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1145428

ABSTRACT

El ser humano es innovador por naturaleza y la Medicina no escapa a esta esencial característica de nuestra especie. La innovación es el modo de adaptarnos rápidamente a los cambios que sufre nuestro entorno y nuestras necesidades. Los modos de innovar responden a las oportunidades que nos brinda la capacidad de observación y juicio racional tan propio de los humanos, pero también pueden ser fruto de la casualidad, de la improvisación y la mayoría de las veces, del ensayo y error. El desarrollo científico y tecnológico como un círculo virtuoso, brindan plataformas para generar nuevo conocimiento. La investigación científica a través del método científico se ha consolidado como el mejor modo de avanzar en el conocimiento de las diversas ciencias y disciplinas afines que integran el saber humano y su interpretación del mundo que nos rodea. Este afán de innovar en Medicina ha trascendido a la sociedad por los grandes logros y avances científicos que han permitido aumentar la expectativa y calidad de vida de la humanidad. Sin embargo, también ha trascendido a veces, por faltas a los derechos de las personas a estar informadas, por violentar la protección de poblaciones vulnerables, por confundir los intereses de la ciencia biomédica con los intereses personales de los investigadores y en general, por faltas a nuestros acuerdos sociales de no dañar, de ser justos, de proteger la confidencialidad y de respetar la autonomía de cada individuo a decidir por sí mismo lo que mejor conviene a su persona. La bioética contribuye a entender la problemática de la innovación y desarrollo y también a proponer cursos de acción armónicos con nuestro marco valórico. De este modo, la sociedad ha generado marcos regulatorios que promueven la innovación respetando a las personas y al medio ambiente y protegiendo a los individuos que sirven como sujetos de la investigación científica.


The human being is innovative in nature and medicine is no exception to this essential characteristic of our specie. Innovation is the way to adapt quickly to changes that occur around us. Ability to observe and rational judgment peculiar to humans allows the innovation in several ways, including the scientific method but also, may be due to chance, improvisation, and most of the time, trial and error. As a virtuous cycle, the scientific and technological development, provide platforms to generate new knowledge trough scientific research. The scientific method has become the best way to advance in knowledge of sciences and related disciplines such as Medicine. These great achievements and scientific advances have increased life expectancy and quality of life of mankind. However, it has also transcended sometimes by failures of scientists to respect the rights of individuals to be informed, by violating the protection of vulnerable populations, to confuse best interests of biomedical science with personal interests of researchers and in general, fouling our social agreements to be fair, to protect confidentiality and to respect the autonomy of each individual to decide. Bioethics helps to understand the problem of innovation and development and also to suggest ways of action harmonic with our values and principles. Thus, society has created regulatory frameworks that foster innovation with respect for people and the environment and protecting individuals serving as subjects of scientific research.


Subject(s)
Biomedical Research/methods , Medicine/trends , Bioethics/trends , Conflict of Interest , Medicine/methods
7.
J Periodontal Res ; 46(5): 522-7, 2011 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21488876

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Biochemical parameters of crevicular fluid could provide evidence of periodontal tissue disease. The aim of this study was to analyze enzymes in crevicular fluid in aggressive localized and generalized periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-four subjects were classified as having localized (n = 36) or generalized aggressive periodontitis (n = 38) and subclassified into moderate and severe groups. Controls were 50 periodontitis-free subjects. Activities of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase, neutrophil elastase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase were determined. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS: Among the subjects with localized aggressive periodontitis, values of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase increased notably in moderate and severe periodontitis compared with control subjects. Values for aspartate aminotransferase increased with the severity of the disease, and neutrophil elastase was increased in the moderate and severe states. In generalized aggressive periodontitis, lactate dehydrogenase showed higher values than in control subjects in both periodontal subgroups. Alkaline phosphatase and neutrophil elastase showed higher significant differences between moderate and severe periodontitis compared with the control group. Aspartate aminotransferase showed differences between the severe and moderate periodontitis groups compared with the control group. Of all the enzymes analyzed, only lactate dehydrogenase showed higher values in localized than in generalized aggressive periodontitis. CONCLUSION: Lactate dehydrogenase may distinguish localized and generalized aggressive periodontitis. Alkaline phosphatase increases from moderate to severe states in both types of periodontitis. Aspartate aminotransferase and neutrophil elastase only increase with strong evidence of periodontal destruction.


Subject(s)
Aggressive Periodontitis/enzymology , Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/enzymology , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Leukocyte Elastase/metabolism , Adult , Aggressive Periodontitis/pathology , Analysis of Variance , Biomarkers , Case-Control Studies , Cytoplasm/enzymology , Female , Humans , Male , Severity of Illness Index , Statistics, Nonparametric
8.
Rev. bras. plantas med ; 13(3): 293-297, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-601035

ABSTRACT

The antibacterial effect of Lippia sidoides (rosemary pepper) essential oil was tested against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from homemade Minas cheese produced in Brazil. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determined in the Dilution Test was 13 µL oil mL-1 for both bacteria, which characterizes inhibitory action in broth for a 24-hour interaction period. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) determined in the Suspension Test, with one minute of contact, was 25 µL oil mL-1 for both tested bacteria, obtaining at this concentration a bactericidal effect of 99.9 percent on the viable bacterial cells from each sample. Results demonstrated the bacterial activity of Lippia sidoides essential oil against S. aureus and E. coli, suggesting its use as an antibacterial agent in foods.


O efeito antibacteriano do óleo essencial da Lippia sidoides (alecrim-pimenta) foi testado contra as bactérias Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli isoladas de queijo minas artesanal, produzido no Brasil. A Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) determinada por Teste de Diluição foi de 13 µL de óleo mL-1 para as duas bactérias, o que caracteriza ação inibitória em caldo durante vinte quatro horas de interação. A Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) determinada através de Teste de Suspensão, com um minuto de contato, foi de 25 µL de óleo mL-1 para ambas as bactérias testadas, obtendo-se a esta concentração o efeito bactericida de 99,9 por cento sobre as células bacterianas viáveis em cada uma das amostras. Os resultados demonstraram atividade bactericida do óleo essencial de Lippia sidoides contra S. aureus e E. coli, sugerindo a possibilidade do uso como agente antibacteriano em alimentos.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Escherichia coli/immunology , Lippia , Oils, Volatile , Plants, Medicinal , Staphylococcus aureus/immunology , Brazil , Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests , Cheese/analysis
9.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci ; 367(1907): 4613-31, 2009 Nov 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19840984

ABSTRACT

In this paper we present high-order formulations of the finite volume and discontinuous Galerkin finite-element methods for wave propagation problems with a space-time adaptation technique using unstructured meshes in order to reduce computational cost without reducing accuracy. Both methods can be derived in a similar mathematical framework and are identical in their first-order version. In their extension to higher order accuracy in space and time, both methods use spatial polynomials of higher degree inside each element, a high-order solution of the generalized Riemann problem and a high-order time integration method based on the Taylor series expansion. The static adaptation strategy uses locally refined high-resolution meshes in areas with low wave speeds to improve the approximation quality. Furthermore, the time step length is chosen locally adaptive such that the solution is evolved explicitly in time by an optimal time step determined by a local stability criterion. After validating the numerical approach, both schemes are applied to geophysical wave propagation problems such as tsunami waves and seismic waves comparing the new approach with the classical global time-stepping technique. The problem of mesh partitioning for large-scale applications on multi-processor architectures is discussed and a new mesh partition approach is proposed and tested to further reduce computational cost.

10.
Rev. Fundac. Juan Jose Carraro ; 14(29): 20-25, abr.-mayo 2009. graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-125049

ABSTRACT

Introducción: los hábitos de estudio son el conjunto de actividades que hace una persona cuando estudia y han sido descritos como el mejor y más potente predictor del éxito académico. Objetivo: conocer y evaluar los hábitos de estudio y la motivación para el aprendizaje de los alumnos de 4to año de la carrera de Odontología que cursaron periodoncia en la Facultad de Odontología de la UNT. El instrumento utilizado consta de siete ítems, con 56 preguntas estructuradas. Resultados: el ítem I se refiere a los factores ambientales, cuando se pregunta si tiene un lugar fijo para estudiar el 79 por ciento contesta afirmativamente. Al 54 por ciento no le es fácil concentrarse a pesar de los ruidos y el 67 por ciento utiliza la luz diurna para estudiar. El 52 por ciento de los estudiantes no duerme generalmente ocho horas diarias y los problemas afectivos perjudican su rendimiento, así como su retención. El 69 por ciento consigue resultados satisfactorios cuando estudia. El 42 por ciento de los alumnos estudia solo. La mayoría de los encuestados no realiza una correcta búsqueda de información. No sabe discutir trabajos. El 65 por ciento no conoce la estructura de un trabajo científico. La mayoría de los alumnos manifiesta una adecuada motivación para aprender, considera el estudio como algo personal y percibe el estudio como un medio para recrear el saber y divulgarlo. Conclusión: el 60 por ciento sólo a veces comprende con claridad el contenido de lo que estudia. El 43 por ciento sólo a veces distingue la palabra o palabras que indican lo que realmente se le pide, lo cual muestra que no poseen hábitos de estudio adecuados para ser autosuficieintes en el aprendizaje. La mayoría de los encuestados no realiza una correcta búsqueda bibliográfica, no sabe discutir trabajos y no conoce la estructura de un trabajo científico. Manifiesta una adecuada motivación para aprender.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Educational Measurement/methods , Students, Dental/psychology , Learning/methods , Schools, Dental/trends , Motivation , Argentina/epidemiology , Dental Research/trends , Education, Predental/trends , Data Collection , Data Interpretation, Statistical
11.
Rev. Fundac. Juan Jose Carraro ; 14(29): 20-25, abr.-mayo 2009. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-528994

ABSTRACT

Introducción: los hábitos de estudio son el conjunto de actividades que hace una persona cuando estudia y han sido descritos como el mejor y más potente predictor del éxito académico. Objetivo: conocer y evaluar los hábitos de estudio y la motivación para el aprendizaje de los alumnos de 4to año de la carrera de Odontología que cursaron periodoncia en la Facultad de Odontología de la UNT. El instrumento utilizado consta de siete ítems, con 56 preguntas estructuradas. Resultados: el ítem I se refiere a los factores ambientales, cuando se pregunta si tiene un lugar fijo para estudiar el 79 por ciento contesta afirmativamente. Al 54 por ciento no le es fácil concentrarse a pesar de los ruidos y el 67 por ciento utiliza la luz diurna para estudiar. El 52 por ciento de los estudiantes no duerme generalmente ocho horas diarias y los problemas afectivos perjudican su rendimiento, así como su retención. El 69 por ciento consigue resultados satisfactorios cuando estudia. El 42 por ciento de los alumnos estudia solo. La mayoría de los encuestados no realiza una correcta búsqueda de información. No sabe discutir trabajos. El 65 por ciento no conoce la estructura de un trabajo científico. La mayoría de los alumnos manifiesta una adecuada motivación para aprender, considera el estudio como algo personal y percibe el estudio como un medio para recrear el saber y divulgarlo. Conclusión: el 60 por ciento sólo a veces comprende con claridad el contenido de lo que estudia. El 43 por ciento sólo a veces distingue la palabra o palabras que indican lo que realmente se le pide, lo cual muestra que no poseen hábitos de estudio adecuados para ser autosuficieintes en el aprendizaje. La mayoría de los encuestados no realiza una correcta búsqueda bibliográfica, no sabe discutir trabajos y no conoce la estructura de un trabajo científico. Manifiesta una adecuada motivación para aprender.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Learning/methods , Schools, Dental/trends , Students, Dental/psychology , Educational Measurement/methods , Motivation , Argentina/epidemiology , Data Collection , Education, Predental/trends , Dental Research/trends , Data Interpretation, Statistical
12.
Neuroradiology ; 47(5): 316-21, 2005 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15891876

ABSTRACT

We describe the case of a patient with a recent history of high back pain, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thoracic spine showing intervertebral disk herniation into the spongious bone of the vertebral body of T9 that might have caused diffuse, low signal intensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery T1-weighted (FLAIR-T1W) images, high signal intensity magnetic resonance (MR) on T2-weighted (T2W) images and T2-weighted fat-suppressed images (T2W-FSIs) and marked enhancement on the vertebral body of T9 with gadolinium on T1-weighted fat-suppressed images (T1W-FSIs) images. Those findings suggested diffuse edema and might be indistinguishable from tumoral or inflammatory diseases, but the plain films and the reformatted sagittal computed tomography scans of the thoracic spine were helpful to show a calcified part of the intervertebral disk migrating into the vertebral body of T9. The patient made full recovery from the symptoms after conservative treatment and at the follow-up MRI showed normalization of the bone marrow signal intensity of the vertebral body of T9.


Subject(s)
Calcinosis/complications , Edema/etiology , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/complications , Spinal Diseases/etiology , Thoracic Vertebrae , Calcinosis/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
13.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 9(1): 1-7, jan.-abr. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-429713

ABSTRACT

A iontoforese e uma tecnica nao invasiva de administracao de agentes ionicos terapeuticos que utiliza corrente eletrica para prover uma maneira controlada de aumentar a transferencia. Objetivo: apresentar uma perpectiva historica e os principais fundamentos teoricos envolvidos na transferencia por iontoforese, a fim de incentivar o fisioterapeuta a pratica racional e a investigacao cientifica. Metodo: o artigo foi elaborado como uma revisao da literatura relativa aos fundamentos para iontoforese. Resultados: sao descritos os termos relativos a instrumentacao, os mecanismos de transferencia, a estimativa de penetracao ionica e os principais fatores que influenciam a tecnica. Conclusao: a iontoforese constitui uma alternativa para potencializar a transferencia de substancias ionizaveis, garantindo niveis de concentracao superiores a difusao passiva nao facilitada pela corrente eletrica, suficientes para desencadear os efeitos terapeuticos desejados


Subject(s)
Iontophoresis , Physical Therapy Specialty
14.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 8(2): 169-175, maio-ago. 2004. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-384568

ABSTRACT

O uso da eletroestimulacao (EE) no tratamento das lesoes nervosas perifericas e controverso. Este estudo avaliou a alteracao da cronaxia, da reobase e da acomodacao no musculo tibial anterior (TA) desnervado de ratos submetidos a EE. Quatro grupos de ratos forma divididos: TA desnervado com eletrodiagnostico (ED) semanal (DSN+ED); TA desnervado com EE em dias alternados (DSN+EE+ED); TA direito desnervado (DSN); e TA inervado (INV). O eletrodiagnostico do grupo DSN+EE+ED forneceu os parametros EE (20 contracoes intensas com corrente monopolar, exponencial; periodo de pulso igual a 2x o valor da cronaxia; frequencia de 20Hz; amplitude em nivel motor; e tempo ON 3,0 s e OFF 6,0 s). Apos 4 semanas, nota-se, em todos os musculos desnervados, diminuicao na reobase, caracterizando hiperexcitabilidade muscular. A reobase foi mairo no musculo so desnervado (1+0 mA), se comparada ao DSN+ED (0,5+0mA, p=0,00006) e ao DSN+EE+ED (0,58+0,19mA, P=0,0001). A cronaxia do grupo DSN+EE+ED foi melhor (4,06+2,1ms) se comparada aos grupos DNS+ED (8,4+0,93MS,P=0006) e DSN (5,31+0,53ms, p=0,45). A acomodacao diminuiu nos grupos DSN+ED (0,75+0,42mA) e DSN+EE+ED (0,75+0,6mA), mantendo-se com valores proximos a pre-desnervacao no grupo somente desnervado (DSN 1,8+0,45mA). Concluiu-se que, embora a EE e o ED tenha atrasado a recuperacao da reobase e da acomodacao, sua utilizacao conjunta favoreceu a rcuperacao da cronaxia. Esse resultado indica o efeito benefico no tratamento do musculo desnervado


Subject(s)
Chronaxy , Muscle, Skeletal
15.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 7(2): 151-158, maio-ago. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-355034

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, discriminar e comparar a queixa dolorosa de portadores de desordem temporomandibular (DTM), classificados segundo indice clinico de diagnostico, ,utilizando versao brasileira do Questionario McGill de Dor (Br-MPQ). Foram estudados 23 pacientes, sendo 21 mulheres e 2 homens (28 +- 11 anos). Oito voluntarios foram classificados como portadores de DTM moderada e 15 como de severa. Sao apresentadas as distribuicoes das frequencias dos achados do Br-MPQ e os resultados do teste Q-quadrado, com nivel de significancia de 5 (por cento). No grupo DTM severa a articulacao temporomandibular foi anotada como a regiao mais dolorosa, enquanto no grupo DTM moderada foi a cervical (p<0,05). O musculo temporal foi indicado como o mais doloroso por ambos os grupos (p<0,05). Para o padrao temporal da dor, 50 (por cento) do grupo com DTM moderada anotou a carcteristica ritmada, periodica, intermitente, enquanto o grupo DTM severa preferiu o padrao continuo, estavel, constante. A analise da intensidade da dor (PPI) revelou que o grupo DTM severa concentrou as anotacoes em niveis de intensidade menores que o grupo DTM moderada (P<0,05). Os valores medios da intensidade da dor (PRI) foram maiores para a dimensao de palavras mistas em ambos os grupos. Assim, os resultados do Br-MPQ foram capazes de diferenciar o padrao temporal, o local de maior queixa de dor e a intensidade da dor de portadores de DTM classificados por um indice diagnostico. No entanto, o carater afetivo, ligado a memoria e a percepcao das dores relacionadas a essa desordem, foi semelhante entre grupos de estudo, independentemente da severidade


Subject(s)
Humans , Pain , Pain Measurement , Physical Therapy Modalities , Spirometry
16.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 7(1): 85-92, jan.-abr. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-344313

ABSTRACT

A dor e um problema comum para muitos pacientes que buscam a fisioterapia. Controlar a sintomatologia algica e promover capacitacao funcional sao objetivos fundamentais nesses casos. Recentes avancos na neurofisiologia da modulacao e percepcao da dor trouxeram fundamentacao cientifica para o uso dos agentes fisicos nos cuidados dos pacientes, reativando pacientes descondicionados, depressivos e incapacitados por imobilizacao repouso ou desuso prolongado em razao da dor. Portanto, todo fisioterapeuta deveria dominar os mecanismos de dor e analgesia e os principios de acao dos recursos analgesicos. Todavia e falha a formacao do fisioterapeuta em relacao aos temas ligados a dor e a analgesia. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente ensaio e propor um programa de ensino relativo ao papel do fisioterapeuta no alivio da dor, destacando: a terminologia relativa aos fenomenos de dor e analgesia, as bases fisiologicas e os componentes psicologicos, ambientais e culturais da dor, o impacto que a experiencia dolorosa exerce sobre as diversas fases da vida (infancia, adolescencia, fase adulta, velhice), as diversas estrategias de avaliacao e medida clinica da dor, os modelos teoricos, os fundamentos fisiologicos e as evidencias empiricas da efetividade das diversas estrategias fisioterapicas de tratamento e controle da dor, e o papel dos demais profissionais de saude e das diversas especialidades medicas no controle da dor. A disciplina proposta, `Dor e Movimento: Recursos Analgesicos em Fisioterapia`, tem carga horaria sugerida de 60 horas/aula e esta organizada de modo a despertar nos alunos o interesse pelo estudo desse tema, fornecendo-lhes as bases para reflexao posterior mais aprofundada, o que inclui a indicacao das referencias bibliograficas fundadoras, das atuais e das mais facilmente disponiveis, na area dos estudos da dor. A proposicao de uma disciplina especifica busca garantir o tratamento organico da questao, capaz de gerar no aluno reflexao articulada sobre os problemas da dor e de seu alivio


Subject(s)
Analgesia , Pain , Physical Therapy Specialty , Teaching
17.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 32(4): 249-52, 2000. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-296338

ABSTRACT

A utilizaçäo de hemoderivados constitui-se atualmente numa modalidade terapêutica de fundamental importância no exercício da medicina. Dentre os diversos hemocomponentes que podem ser utilizados, o concentrado de plaquetas (CP) é de grande utilizaçäo em situaçöes de distúrbios hemorrágicos. O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar perfil laboratorial de doadores de plaquetas na sua fase de triagem e o monitoramento dos CP utilizados para fins terapêuticos. Foram avaliados 120 indivíduos adultos selecionados na triagem. As bolsas de CP obtidas foram divididas em grupos de 30 bolsas, respectivamente 0h, 24hs, 48h e 72h após sua preparaçäo. Na triagem a média de plaquetas foi de 1,76x10 a quinta potência/mm cúbicos. Os testes de agregaçäo com colágeno, ADP e adrenalina demonstraram respectivamente 20, 43 e 40 porcento de doadores hipoagregantes. Nas bolsas de CP foi encontrado um volume médio de 50,9ml com concentraçäo plaquetária inicial de 1,74x10 a sexta potência/mm cúbicos, reduzindo 48 porcento em 24hs. A agregaçäo plaquetária reduziu significativamente por colágeno após 48hs e para ADP e adrenalina em 24hs. O pH inicial das bolsas foi de 7,39 alterando-se significativamente em 24hs porém, mantendo-se dentro dos limites normais. Os resultados obtidos nos permitem inferir que o processo de separaçäo e armazenamento promovem um grau de ativaçäo plaquetária significativos. O estudo também demonstra a necessidade de uma reavaliaçäo para os indicadores laboratoriais necessários a doaçäo de plaquetas objetivando adequar a qualidade deste hemoderivado em benefício da populaçäo


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Blood Donors , Quality Control , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/standards , Platelet Aggregation , Platelet Function Tests/standards , Hemorrhagic Disorders/therapy
18.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 4(1): 1-9, jul.-dez. 1999. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-277262

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar aspectos da síndrome dolorosa miofascial encontrados na literatura. Além dos conhecidos distúrbios dos tecidos moles, que incluem os efeitos de traumas, as inflamaçöes, fraqueza, tensäo e espasmos musculares, há uma entidade fisiopatológica descrita a alguns anos, que também atinge estes tecidos e é conhecida como síndrome dolorosa miofascial. Esta síndrome é descrita como sendo uma disfunçäo neuromuscular regional caracterizada pela presença de locais sensíveis em bandas musculares contraturadas/tensas que produzem dor referida em áreas distantes ou adjacentes. Inúmeros tratamentos têm sido propostos visando à remissäo do quadro clínico, entre eles: agulhamento seco, uso do spray de cloreto de etila ou fluormetano seguido por alongamento, injeçäo do ponto-gatilho com anestésicos ou soluçäo fisiológica salina também seguida por alongamento, compressäo isquêmica, técnicas de fricçäo profunda miofascial, TENS (estimulaçäo elétrica nervosa transcutânea), ultra-som, iontoforese, calor (seco e úmido), medicamentos analgésicos, antiinflamatórios ou relaxantes musculares, biofeedback. O objetivo desses tratamentos é a iliminaçäo do ponto gatilho, restauraçäo da amplitude de movimento e força muscular normais e sem dor. Além disso, é necessária uma educaçäo para o paciente prevenir e lidar com as recorrências e também bloquear os fatores precipitantes e/ou perpetuantes. Mas ainda há muitas divergências nos resultados de diferentes estudos, o que sugere uma análise crítica dos mesmos e uma maior preocupaçäo com as metodologias empregadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Myofascial Pain Syndromes/diagnosis , Myofascial Pain Syndromes/therapy , Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation/methods , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Neurogenic Inflammation/physiopathology , Lasers/therapeutic use , Myofascial Pain Syndromes/etiology , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use
19.
Environ Res ; 81(1): 72-80, 1999 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10361028

ABSTRACT

The present study demonstrates that exposure to ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) can cause DNA single-strand breaks in alveolar macrophages. Three-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, specific pathogen free, were exposed to either 1.2 ppm NO2 or 0.3 ppm O3 alone or a combination of these two oxidants continuously for 3 days. The control group was exposed to filtered room air. The oxidant effects were substantiated by determining total and differential cell counts, lactate dehydrogenase activity, and total soluble protein in bronchoalveolar lavage. DNA damage was measured as single-strand breaks by alkaline elution assay. The results showed that, relative to control, NO2 exposure did not cause any significant change in the parameters studied. Exposure to O3 and combined exposure to NO2 and O3 caused significant changes in all parameters studied except cell viability. The rates of elution (Kc) of single-strand DNA from polycarbonate filter for O3 exposure and combined exposure were 73 and 79% faster than that of the control, respectively. The amounts of DNA single-strand breaks caused by O3 and combined exposure were significantly greater than the amounts detected for the NO2-exposed and control groups.


Subject(s)
DNA Damage , Macrophages, Alveolar/drug effects , Nitrogen Dioxide/toxicity , Ozone/toxicity , Animals , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology , Cell Count , Cell Survival , DNA, Single-Stranded/drug effects , DNA, Single-Stranded/isolation & purification , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/analysis , Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism , Male , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
20.
Rev Environ Contam Toxicol ; 155: 1-67, 1998.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9577227

ABSTRACT

The halogen cycle is one of the great chemical cycles on earth. Haloorganics are both synthesized and destroyed by the chemistry that controls their flux and form. The synthetic leg of the cycle is both biotic and abiotic in nature. The biotic synthesis results primarily from the biochemical activity of marine algae and kelp, although these are by no means the only sources. The abiotic process is vested in large part in volcanic eruption and emission of gases synthesized as a thermal consequence of venting the earth's core.


Subject(s)
Environmental Pollution , Halogens/chemistry , Hydrocarbons, Halogenated/metabolism , Xenobiotics/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental , Oxidation-Reduction , Soil Microbiology , Volcanic Eruptions
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